19 research outputs found
Experimental study on the mechanical and tribological characteristics of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced polymer composites for biomedical applications
No full textNew biomedical supportive and lightweight structures require the creation of sustainable polymer composites of high strength and wear resistance. This research explores the use of alkali-treated pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced epoxy composites and determines complete structure property wear relationships using combined mechanical, tribological, and microstructural analysis. The novelty of the work is based on the correlation of fiber content with the stiffness increment, the damage tolerance, and degradation behavior under friction conditions at controlled fabrication conditions. A hand lay-up method was used to manufacture composite laminates with 5-25 wt.% PALF. The tensile strength rose to 78 MPa and Youngs modulus rose to 3.5 GPa. Flexural strength increased to 112 MPa and flexural modulus to 3.7 GPa. The energy impact decreased by 12 and dropped to 20 kJ/m2 and Shore D hardness rose by 72 and 76, respectively, which means the increase in deformation and surface damage resistance. Tribological testing revealed that coefficient of friction and wear rate decreased to 0.51 and 3.7 x 10-6 mm 3/N-m respectively by fiber-supported load distribution and establishment of protective transfer films. The scanning electron microscopy showed that there was consistent fiber dispersion, good bonding of fiber matrix, and predominance of crack-bridging and pull-out processes involving the fracture resistance. The best mechanical tribological behavior was observed with a concentration of 10-15 wt.% PALF. A further study will involve biocompatibility studies, long-lasting stability, and surface functionalization to permit biomedical assistance elements like orthotic braces, prosthetic frames, and non-load-bearing auxiliary medical components
Experimental study on the mechanical and tribological characteristics of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced polymer composites for biomedical applications
No full textNew biomedical supportive and lightweight structures require the creation of sustainable polymer composites of high strength and wear resistance. This research explores the use of alkali-treated pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) reinforced epoxy composites and determines complete structure property wear relationships using combined mechanical, tribological, and microstructural analysis. The novelty of the work is based on the correlation of fiber content with the stiffness increment, the damage tolerance, and degradation behavior under friction conditions at controlled fabrication conditions. A hand lay-up method was used to manufacture composite laminates with 5-25 wt.% PALF. The tensile strength rose to 78 MPa and Youngs modulus rose to 3.5 GPa. Flexural strength increased to 112 MPa and flexural modulus to 3.7 GPa. The energy impact decreased by 12 and dropped to 20 kJ/m2 and Shore D hardness rose by 72 and 76, respectively, which means the increase in deformation and surface damage resistance. Tribological testing revealed that coefficient of friction and wear rate decreased to 0.51 and 3.7 x 10-6 mm 3/N-m respectively by fiber-supported load distribution and establishment of protective transfer films. The scanning electron microscopy showed that there was consistent fiber dispersion, good bonding of fiber matrix, and predominance of crack-bridging and pull-out processes involving the fracture resistance. The best mechanical tribological behavior was observed with a concentration of 10-15 wt.% PALF. A further study will involve biocompatibility studies, long-lasting stability, and surface functionalization to permit biomedical assistance elements like orthotic braces, prosthetic frames, and non-load-bearing auxiliary medical components
Effect of blending and nanoparticles on the ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolyte systems
No full textEffect of annealing on the structural and electrical properties of Gd2O3/Si interface for MOS capacitors
No full textSCREENING OF DESI AND KABULI CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.) ENTRIES AGAINST ALTERNARIA BLIGHT
No full text*Author for correspondence Alternaria blight caused by Alternaria sp. became serious threat for early sown chickpea crop in and around Karnataka. In order to identify resistance sources for these diseases screening was carried out during 2011 in ZARS, GKVK, Bengaluru. Hundred and thirty nine chickpea entries including ninety six desi and fouty three kabuli chickpea entries were screened against the disease among that four entries viz., PBG 5, H08-93 (desi), GLK 26167, JGK 13(R) (kabuli) entries were found to be resistant, six entries viz., Phule G 09103 (desi), GNG 1888, CSJK 6(R),Phule G 09316, Kripa (Phule G 0517) and BG 3012(R) (kabuli) entries were found to be moderately resistant and it was observed that out of ninety six desi chickpea entries eighty four about 87.5 % of the entries were found to be highly susceptible compared to twenty nine about 67.4 % entries of kabuli chickpea were found to be highly susceptible out of fourty three entries against Alternaria blight
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No full textNot AvailableGenetic diversity and utility of castor (Ricinus communis L.) germplasm accessions collected from Tamil Nadu
T Manjunatha1*, C Lavanya1, AJ Prabhakaran2 and G Balakishan1
1-ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, 2- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore
*Corresponding author Email Id: [email protected]
Castor is an important non-edible oilseed crop and its oil is used in more than 250 industrial products like paints, varnishes, cosmetics, lubricants, medicines etc. India is the leading producer of castor seed with 1.92 MT (90% of the world’s production) from 0.82 m ha area (70% of world’s castor area) in the world with a highest productivity of 2300 kg/ha. India is the leading exporter of castor oil and its derivatives, earning foreign exchange to the tune of Rs. 6000-7000 crores annually. The utilization of castor germplasm has played an important role in developing short to medium duration high yielding varieties and hybrids resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Two hundred and nine castor germplasm accessions were collected, representing diverse agroecosystems of open fields, house backyards, shade/border plants in ginger cultivation and other crops, from nine districts of Tamil Nadu viz., Namakkal, Erode, Salem, Thanjavur, Madhurai, Theni, Karur, Tirupur and Nilgiris. These accessions were evaluated for their agromorphological traits in ARBD design. Agromorphological evaluation indicated a wide variation for stem colour, bloom, plant height, days to 50% flowering, length of primary spike, capsule size and test weight. Of the 209 accessions, 108 accessions were of zero bloom, 86 were triple bloom, 8 were single bloom and 19 accessions were of double bloom. Majority of single and triple bloom nature of the accessions indicated that there was no extensive intercrossing between zero and triple bloom types, though castor is a highly cross pollinated (mainly air) crop. Days to 50% flowering ranged between 50 and 80 days while their node number to primary spike ranged between 12 and 30 with a mean of 20 nodes. Plant height ranged between 54 and 230 cm with a mean of 151 cm. Among the yield traits, length of primary spike ranged between 26 cm and 77 cm with a mean of 45 cm and effective primary spike length ranged between 11 cm and 72 cm with a mean of 40 cm and spikes per plant ranged between 1 and 16 with a mean of 4. Test weight ranges from 20 g and 58 g with a mean of 37 g. FC-82 recorded longest spike length of 77 cm with a test weight of 46 g. Range and mean of agromorphological characters indicated that majority of the accessions were late flowering and perennial in nature. However some accessions like FC-07, FC-08, FC-13, FC-123 (a farmer’s variety), and FC-129 had desirable traits, which could be used in introgression and diversification of castor genepool.ICA
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No full textNot AvailableGenetic diversity and utility of castor (Ricinus communis L.) germplasm accessions collected from Tamil Nadu
T Manjunatha1*, C Lavanya1, AJ Prabhakaran2 and G Balakishan1
1-ICAR-Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad, 2- ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore
*Corresponding author Email Id: [email protected]
Castor is an important non-edible oilseed crop and its oil is used in more than 250 industrial products like paints, varnishes, cosmetics, lubricants, medicines etc. India is the leading producer of castor seed with 1.92 MT (90% of the world’s production) from 0.82 m ha area (70% of world’s castor area) in the world with a highest productivity of 2300 kg/ha. India is the leading exporter of castor oil and its derivatives, earning foreign exchange to the tune of Rs. 6000-7000 crores annually. The utilization of castor germplasm has played an important role in developing short to medium duration high yielding varieties and hybrids resistant to biotic and abiotic stresses. Two hundred and nine castor germplasm accessions were collected, representing diverse agroecosystems of open fields, house backyards, shade/border plants in ginger cultivation and other crops, from nine districts of Tamil Nadu viz., Namakkal, Erode, Salem, Thanjavur, Madhurai, Theni, Karur, Tirupur and Nilgiris. These accessions were evaluated for their agromorphological traits in ARBD design. Agromorphological evaluation indicated a wide variation for stem colour, bloom, plant height, days to 50% flowering, length of primary spike, capsule size and test weight. Of the 209 accessions, 108 accessions were of zero bloom, 86 were triple bloom, 8 were single bloom and 19 accessions were of double bloom. Majority of single and triple bloom nature of the accessions indicated that there was no extensive intercrossing between zero and triple bloom types, though castor is a highly cross pollinated (mainly air) crop. Days to 50% flowering ranged between 50 and 80 days while their node number to primary spike ranged between 12 and 30 with a mean of 20 nodes. Plant height ranged between 54 and 230 cm with a mean of 151 cm. Among the yield traits, length of primary spike ranged between 26 cm and 77 cm with a mean of 45 cm and effective primary spike length ranged between 11 cm and 72 cm with a mean of 40 cm and spikes per plant ranged between 1 and 16 with a mean of 4. Test weight ranges from 20 g and 58 g with a mean of 37 g. FC-82 recorded longest spike length of 77 cm with a test weight of 46 g. Range and mean of agromorphological characters indicated that majority of the accessions were late flowering and perennial in nature. However some accessions like FC-07, FC-08, FC-13, FC-123 (a farmer’s variety), and FC-129 had desirable traits, which could be used in introgression and diversification of castor genepool.ICA
Ion beam irradiation as a tool to improve the ionic conductivity in solid polymer electrolyte systems
No full textSolid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have potential applications in solid state electronic and energy devices. The optimum conductivity of SPEs required for such applications is about 10-1-10-3 Scm-1, which is hard to achieve in these systems. It is observed that ionic conductivity of SPEs continuously increase with increasing concentration of inorganic salt in the host polymer. However, there is a critical concentration of the salt beyond which the conductivity of SPEs decreases due to the formation of ion pairs. In the present study, solid polymer thin films based on poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) complexed with NaBr salt with different concentrations have been prepared and the concentration at which ion pair formation occurs in PEOxNaBr is identified. The microstructure of the SPE with highest ionic conductivity is modified by irradiating it with low energy O+1 ion (100 keV) of different fluencies. It is observed that the ionic conductivity of irradiated SPEs increases by one order in magnitude. The increase in ionic conductivity may be attributed to the enhanced segmental motion of the polymer chains due to radiation induced micro structural modification. © 2016 Author(s)
Longevity of URL citations Cited in LIS journal articles: A Webometric Study
No full textThe study investigated the use of URLs as citations and their longevity, based on 966 articles published in selected LIS journals published during 2011-2015. It is found that there are 36,968 references in 966 articles with an average of 38.26 per article. Of the 36,968 references, there are 5,867 URL references. Each of the 5,867 URL citations were checked using W3C link checker to verify their accessibility. The study also found that 46.53% URLs (2,730 out of 5,867) remained active while the remaining 3,137 (53.46%) were found to be missing. The largest number of missing URLs (83.22%) cited in LIS articles are published in the year 2012. The HTTP error 404 - ‘file not found’ error message was the common error 40.36% In this regard the study suggested that the author(s) should check the accessibility of URL citation before it is used in the reference list of the article
Electrochemical strategies for determination of tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) in food samples
No full textTert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) is a member of the synthetic phenolic antioxidant family that prevents the formation of free radicals and prevents radicals from damaging cells by trapping them. In addition, TBHQ is widely preferred as an additive in foods and vegetable oils because of its low cost and high chemical stability. TBHQ is not only a food preservative but is also frequently used as a stabilizer to prevent auto-polymerization in cosmetics, biodiesel, pharmaceuticals, coating products, and different application areas. TBHQ has been shown to cause diseases, such as DNA damage, carcinogenesis, and cell apoptosis, when administered at high doses. Excessive consumption of TBHQ causes adverse effects, such as stomach tumors, liver damage, and underdevelopment of the reproductive system. Different analytical methods have been used to detect TBHQ in food samples. The most important of these methods are traditional analytical methods such as chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. However, these methods have basic shortcomings such as high analysis costs, long pre-processing, expensive equipment, need for many organic solvents, requiring expertise, and long detection times. In recent years, electrochemical sensors have attracted attention in the scientific world owing to their high sensitivity, fast analysis time, portability, low cost, and convenience of miniaturization. This review discusses electrochemical studies performed to date for the determination of TBHQ in food samples. The methods used in these studies have been evaluated in a wide range of aspects, such as the electrode, working range, detection limits, and analytical applications. © The Author(s) 2024
