17,773 research outputs found
Violette des bois : valse mignonne : [pour piano] / par F. Auger ; [ill. par] Chatinière
No full textTitre uniforme : Auger, F. (18..-19.. ; compositeur). Compositeur. [Violette des bois. Piano]Valses (piano) -- +* 1800......- 1899......+:19e siècle:Piano, Musique de -- +* 1800......- 1899......+:19e siècle
Symmetry characterization of unoccupied states in thick alkaline layers by spin-resolved Auger electron spectroscopy using primary excitation by circularly polarized light
Get PDFStoppmanns P, David R, Müller N, Heinzmann U, Grieb H, Noffke J. Symmetry characterization of unoccupied states in thick alkaline layers by spin-resolved Auger electron spectroscopy using primary excitation by circularly polarized light. Journal of physics: condensed matter. 1994;6(23):4225-4232.CVV Auger electrons emitted from K, Rb and Cs layers are studied using spin-resolved spectroscopy. Oriented 3p, 4p and 5p hole states are excited by circularly polarized radiation in normal incidence. The photon energies range from 12 to 24 eV. With all three materials, the degree and sign of the Auger electron spin polarization vary with the photon energy. As an atomic model of the Auger process predicts, and as a comparison of measurements with the calculated densities of states shows, the spin polarization is essentially determined by the symmetry of the final states reached in the primary (photo)excitation. Just above the excitation threshold, the preferential spin direction of the Auger electrons is measured to be parallel to the spin of the exciting photons corresponding to a predominantly s-like symmetry of the unoccupied final states reached by the excitation. At higher photon energies the preferential spin direction changes to be antiparallel to the photon spin, corresponding to the mainly d-like symmetry of unoccupied states reached by the excitation
Measurement of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays with CHICOS
Get PDFThe California HIgh school Cosmic ray ObServatory (CHICOS) is a ground-based scintillator array designed to measure the extended air showers of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. The goal of the project is to gain insight into the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays by measuring the energy spectrum and the distribution of arrival directions.
The CHICOS array has been in operation since 2003. It consists of 77 pairs of scintillator dectectors deployed at schools in the San Fernando and San Gabriel valleys near Los Angeles, and is designed to observe cosmic ray air showers at energies of 10^18 eV and above. In addition, the Chiquita subarray is designed to observe smaller showers in the energy range of 1016 - 1019 eV.
We present new descriptions of the air shower lateral distribution function and time distribution function, which have been derived from AIRES-generated simulated air showers. The new functions are specific to the CHICOS altitude and allow for a maximum likelihood shower reconstruction method, which is more appropriate to the CHICOS data than the χ2 minimization method. We present several analyses of the accuracy of the reconstruction software in the energy ranges available to the Chiquita and CHICOS arrays.
The energy spectrum between 1017 eV and 1019 eV has been measured by the Chiquita subarray. At the lowest energy range, it is found to agree with previous measurements, while the measured flux falls below previous experiments for energies greater than approximately 1017.5 eV. The CHICOS energy spectrum above 1018.4 eV is found to agree with previous results published by AGASA. However, we do not observe the cutoff in the spectrum at 1020 eV reported more recently by the Auger and HiRes Collaborations.
A correlation analysis between CHICOS data and nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) was performed. No excess of cosmic rays was observed in the vicinity of nearby AGN. The maximum correlation was observed for cosmic ray events with E > 1020 eV and for AGN with z < 0.009, with Pchance = 21%. This is consistent with random correlations from an isotropic distribution, a result also found by HiRes, but in disagreement with Auger.</p
Bryobia mercantourensis Auger & Migeon 2014, n. sp.
No full textBryobia mercantourensis n. sp. (Figures 4-7) Type-specimens — Holotype (female), 15 female 7 deutonymhs, 4 protonymphs and 7 larvae paratypes on 30 microscopic preparations from Genista cinerea (Vill.) DC. (Leguminosae), cime de Braus (43.875°N 7.394°E, alt. 1040 m), LucØram, France, 23-VII-2009, leg. P. Auger. All the material deposited in the INRA collection of the CBGP, coll. Auger-Migeon N ° 1758 for holotype, 1759-1787 for paratypes. Other material examined — Ten females on 8 microscopic preparations from G. cinerea, Pont du commun (43.985°N 7.547°E, alt. 450 m), Saorge, France, 21-VII-2009, leg. P. Auger, coll. Auger- Migeon N ° 1700-1707. Diagnosis — With four long setae present on the interior dorsal row of femur I this species belongs to the berlesei -group (Eyndhoven, 1957; Eyndhoven and Vacante, 1985). Empodial pad of leg I with a pair of tenent hairs others with two rows of tenent hairs, inner propodosomal lobes are well separated and more or less cone-shaped with large fused base, outer lobes smaller and cone shaped, dorsal setae inserted in small tubercles, spatulate with sacral and clunal setae slightly longer. Description: Female: Holotype 600 µm long (excluding gnathosoma, from the tip of v 1 to the tip of h 1), width 350 µm. Ten paratypes measured, 540 – 595 µm long, width 310 – 360 µm. Dorsum — Prodorsum with four pairs of setae and with developed anterior lobes (Figs. 4A, 6A). Outer propodosomal lobes rather low, conical, not extending beyond medial of inner lobes. Medial projection well expanded, inner lobes well separated in their distal part with variable obvious incision, 13 (7 – 13) µm in depth (measured from the bottom of the incision between the inner lobes). A horizontal line joining tip of v 2 setae located on the outer lobes crosses v 1 setae about their base, v 1 about two-thirds the size of v 2. Dorsal body setae spatulate, inserted on tubercles, subequal in length with the exception of v 1 setae far smaller, sacrals (f 1, f 2) and clunals (h 1) somewhat longer (Figs. 4A, B). Dorsocentral setae (c 1, d 1 and e 1) shorter than distances between consecutive setae (length of holotype and variations of ten paratypes): v 1 22 (18 – 21); v 2 33 (29 – 32); sc 1 32 (26 – 31); sc 2 26 (22 – 27); c 1 30 (25 – 31); c 2 30 (23 – 29); c 3 27 (22 – 28); d 1 26 (22 – 27); d 2 28 (21 – 28); d 3 26 (23 – 30); e 1 25 (21 – 27); e 2 29 (25 – 29); e 3 34 (25 – 31); f 1 37 (25 – 37); f 2 40 (29 – 41); h 1 36 (27 – 40). Distances between setae: c 1 - c 1 62 (58 – 66), d 1 - d 1 48 (47 – 52), e 1 - e 1 31 (24 – 34), c 1 - d 1 85 (81 – 97), d 1 - e 1 72 (62 – 70). Sacral setae (f 1 and f 2) in marginal position. Dorsal integument on propodosoma with irregular reticulated granulated pattern medially, folds more or less inclined laterally. Large transverse folds with fibrous appearance on hysterosoma, more or less arched in the distal part comprised between e 3 and h 1 setae. Three pairs of oval-shaped areas present between c 1 - c 2, d 1 - d 3, and e 1 - e 3 setae and a triangularly rounded one present posteriorly. Gnathosoma — Stylophore longer than wide. Tibial claw of palpus bidentate. Palptarsus elongated, about 24 (20.5 – 25) long with three tactile setae, three eupathidia and one solenidion (Fig. 6B). Eupathidia ul’ ζ, ul” ζ slightly inferior to su ζ in length, solenidion shorter. Peritreme anastomosed distally in a relatively long and slender enlargement (Fig. 6C): length 33 (31 – 40), width 8 (6.5 – 8.5). Venter — Striation transverse between 1 st (1a) and 2 nd (3a) pairs of setae, absent (rare irregularly folds may be present) between 2 nd and 3 rd (4a), longitudinal between members of 4a setae and transverse between 3 rd and aggenital (ag) pairs of setae. Area immediately anterior to genital flap with irregular longitudinal striation. Sacculus of spermatheca oval shaped (Fig. 6D). Three anal and two para-anal setae present. Legs — Length (femur-genu-tibia-tarsus) inferior to body length, leg I 419 (390 – 410) µm long and (length of holotype and variations of ten paratypes), leg II 235 (215 – 230), leg III 240 (220 – 240), leg IV 260 (250 – 280). Length of segments of leg I as follows: femur 155 (135 – 150), genu 70 (65 – 70), tibia 100 (84 – 105), tarsus 93 (85 – 99). Leg setal count as follows (Figs. 5A, B, C): I 2 - 1 - 14[13] - 8[7] - 13 + (1) - 19 + (5) + 2 duplexes; II 1 - 1 - 9[8] - 5 - 9 - 15 + (2) + 1 duplex; III 1 - 1 - 7[6] - 7[6] - 9 - 13 + 1 duplex; IV 1 - 1 - 5 - 6 - 9 - 14 + (1). Internal dorsal row on femur I with four long setae (from proximal to distal setae) and one normal setae: 43 (41 – 47), 51 (47 – 53), 41 (39 – 46) and 42 (38 – 41) µm in length. Tarsus III associated setae serrate and approximate with solenidion forming duplex, the tactile member longer and proximal (Fig. 5D) – length of solenidion 14 (12.5 – 15), length of tactile 20 (16 – 20); tarsus IV with solenidion wellseparated from tactile, short and proximal (Fig. 5E) – length of solenidion 9 (8 – 9.5), distance between solenidion and tactile 6.5 (4.5 – 6.5). True claws uncinate, claw and empodium I with one pair of tenent hairs, other claws with two pairs and other empodial pads each provided with two rows of tenent hairs (Figs. 5F, G). Deutonymph (Figs. 7A, B): Dorsum — Prodorsal lobes developed, conical in shape, inner lobes less separated as in female, prodorsal setae v 1 and v 2 spatulate and serrate, v 2 the largest almost twice the length of v 1 setae; a horizontal line joining the tips of v 2 setae also nearly passes the tips of v 1 setae. Dorsal body setae inserted on tubercles (stronger in posterior area), spatulate excepted the third pair of dorsolateral setae (e 3), sacrals (f 1, f 2) and clunals (h 1), gradually longer, narrower and pectinate. Dorsocentral setae, c 1, d 1 and e 1, shorter than distances between consecutive setae. Lengths of dorsal setae (variations of 3 deutonymphs): v 1 15 – 17; v 2 25 – 29; sc 1 26 – 31; sc 2 21.5 – 23; c 1 22 – 25; c 2 23 – 24.5; c 3 23 – 24.5; d 1 21.5 – 22.5; d 2 20 – 22; d 3 23.5 – 24; e 1 21 – 21.5; e 2 26.5 – 30; e 3 32 – 34.5; f 1 36.5 – 40; f 2 39 – 40; h 1 35 – 38. Setae f 1 and f 2 in marginal position. Legs — Length inferior to body length. Internal E F 10 µm dorsal row on femur I with two long setae and one normal seta. Leg setal count as follows: I 2 - 1 - 8 - 4 - 9 + (1) - 14 + (1) + 2 duplexes; II 1 - 1 - 6 [5] - 4 - 5 - 11 + 1 duplex; III 1 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 5 - 10 + (1); IV 1 - 0 - 2 - 3 - 5 - 10. True claws uncinate with one pair of tenent hairs, empodia provided with two rows of tenent hairs, empodial pad of empodium I shorter. Protonymph (Figs. 7C, D): Dorsum — Prodorsal lobes weakly developed, tubercle like, v 1 very short, spatulate and serrate with spiky appearance, v 2 larger, spatulate and serrate. Other dorsal body setae spatulate with the exception of e 2 sub-spatulate and the following (e 3, f 1, f 2 and h 1) elongate, serrate and larger. Lengths of dorsal setae (variations of 4 protonymphs): v 1 7 – 11; v 2 23 – 28; sc 1 22.5 – 25.5; sc 2 18.5 – 20.5; c 1 18 – 21; c 2 17 – 18.5; c 3 16 – 18.5; d 1 16 – 18.5; d 2 20 – 23; d 3 21 – 31; e 1 18 – 22; e 2 27 – 31; e 3 33 – 36; f 1 32 – 36; f 2 34 – 37; h 1 35 – 37. Setae f 1 and f 2 in marginal position. Legs — Length inferior to body length. Internal dorsal row on femur I with one long seta and one normal seta. Leg setal count as follows: I 2 - 1 - 3 - 4 - 5 + (1) - 10 + (2) + 2 duplexes; II 1 - 0 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 9 + 1 duplex; III 1 - 0 - 2 - 2 - 5 - 8; IV 0 - 0 - 2 - 2 - 5 - 6. True claws uncinate with one pair of tenent hairs, empodia with two rows of tenent hairs. Larvae (Figs. 7E, F): Dorsum — Prodorsal lobes absent, v 1 very short and rod like, v 2 long, serrate, inserted on small tubercles. Dorsal body setae elongate, serrate, setae e 3 to h 1 the largest. Lengths of dorsal setae (variations of 4 larvae): v 1 5 – 7; v 2 23 – 25; sc 1 18 – 22; sc 2 18 – 20; c 1 19 – 24; c 2 17 – 19; c 3 13 – 16; d 1 19 – 24; d 2 18 – 22; d 3 24 – 29; e 1 23 – 28; e 2 25 – 31; e 3 32 – 36; f 1 35 – 39; f 2 35 – 40; h 1 35 – 37. Seta f 1 in normal position. Legs — Length inferior to body length. Internal dorsal row on femur I with one long seta and one normal seta. Leg setal count as follows: I 1 - 0 - 3 - 4 - 5 + (1) - 7 + 1 duplex; II 0 - 0 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 7 + 1 duplex; III 0 - 0 - 2 - 2 - 5 - 6. True claws uncinate with one pair of tenent hairs, empodia with two rows of tenent hairs. Remarks — In addition to the four long setae present on the interior dorsal row of femur I, as this species bears one pair of tenent hairs on the empodium I, B. mercantourensis is close to B. provincialis Eyndhoven and Vacante, 1985 and B. dikmenensis Eyndhoven and Vacante, 1985 that belong to the berlesei -group (Eyndhoven, 1957; Eyndhoven and Vacante, 1985). This species is clearly smaller in length and width than B. provincialis and the first leg is also obviously longer in the latter. Conversely, B. mercantourensis is slightly longer and obviously broader than B. dikmenensis and the second, third and fourth pairs of legs are shorter in the latter. It is mainly distinctive from B. provincialis and B. dikmenensis by the shape of the propodosomal lobes: mammelliform with inner lobes largely fused in the latter whereas conical and well separated in B. mercantourensis. The latter can also be separated from B. provincialis by differences in shape of deutonymph’s dorsohysterosomal setae e 3 and f 1, subspatulate vs. elongate and narrow in B. provincialis and B. mercantourensis respectively. Legs chaetotaxy also clearly differs between the deutonymphs of these two species. Bryobia dikmenensis can be distinguished from B. mercantourensis and from B. provincialis by the reduced size of its second and third pairs of dorsocentral setae (d 1 and e 1) in comparison with other dorsohystersomal setae. Several characters found in juveniles of B. dikmenensis and of B. mercantourensis can also be used to separate them: the ratio between larval v 1 and v 2 setae is two-fold higher (4 vs. 2) in B. mercantourensis; protonymphal prodorsal lobes in B. dikmenensis ressemble that of female whereas they are almost absent (weakly developed) in B. mercantourensis. Etymology — The species designation mercantourensis is named after the location where the specimens were found: in the Mercantour French National Park.Published as part of Auger, P. & Migeon, A., 2014, Three New Species Of Tetranychidae (Acari, Prostigmata) From The French Alps (South-Eastern France), pp. 15-37 in Acarologia 54 (1) on pages 21-27, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20142111, http://zenodo.org/record/463997
Direct measurement of the muonic content of extensive air showers between and eV at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Get PDFInternational audienceThe hybrid design of the Pierre Auger Observatory allows for the measurement of the properties of extensive air showers initiated by ultra-high energy cosmic rays with unprecedented precision. By using an array of prototype underground muon detectors, we have performed the first direct measurement, by the Auger Collaboration, of the muon content of air showers between and eV. We have studied the energy evolution of the attenuation-corrected muon density, and compared it to predictions from air shower simulations. The observed densities are found to be larger than those predicted by models. We quantify this discrepancy by combining the measurements from the muon detector with those from the Auger fluorescence detector at and . We find that, for the models to explain the data, an increase in the muon density of for EPOS-LHC, and of for QGSJetII-04, is respectively needed
The Auger-hole method : a field measurement of the hydraulic conductivity of soil below the water table
No full textShower Studies at around eV with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textThree months of data taken by the Engineering Array Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory have been analyzed with the aim of setting a procedure for the study of showers at E_0 ~ 10^18 eV. We present the results, concerning: (i) the selection procedure and the check of its efficiency; (ii) the event rate and its stability; (iii) the characteristics of such events (i.e., angular direction, energy estimator S(1000), rise time vs core distance, correlation with pressure) showing their consistency with the expectations. The performances of the whole Surface Detector of the Auger Observatory are discussed
Instrumentation for the northern site of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textThe Pierre Auger Observatory is a multi-national project for research on ultra-high energy cosmic rays. Science results from the Southern Auger Observatory motivate the completion and extension of the investigations begun there by constructing the Northern Auger Observatory, with a much larger acceptance for the extremely rare cosmic ray events above a few times 10 19 eV. This paper describes the layout and technical implementation of Auger North, highlighting advances with respect to the Auger South instrumentation that have been made to improve performance, reduce costs, and accommodate differences between the Southern and Northern sites
Arrival directions of UHECRs after the end of phase 1 of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Get PDFThe Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest and most important hybrid detector designed to investigate the origin and the nature of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays. The observatory has been continuously operated since 2004, and
has achieved a total detection exposure of approximately 122000 km2sryr. During over 18 years of research, the Auger Observatory has collected a huge amount of high-quality data, which gave us knowledge about the origin of the most energetic particles ever observed in the universe. This contribution will present the main and most recent results of the arrival direction studies obtained with the Auger phase 1 dataset, i.e., the one before the installation of the upgrade Auger Prime, currently under completion. These include the searches for possible sources from small to
large scale: studies of dipolar and multipolar anisotropies, the search for excesses of the order of the scale of tens of degrees at the highest energies, and the search for
excesses of the order of the angular resolution (∼ 1◦) to look for neutral particles
Shower Studies at around eV with the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory
No full textThree months of data taken by the Engineering Array Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory have been analyzed with the aim of setting a procedure for the study of showers at E_0 ~ 10^18 eV. We present the results, concerning: (i) the selection procedure and the check of its efficiency; (ii) the event rate and its stability; (iii) the characteristics of such events (i.e., angular direction, energy estimator S(1000), rise time vs core distance, correlation with pressure) showing their consistency with the expectations. The performances of the whole Surface Detector of the Auger Observatory are discussed
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