307,117 research outputs found
Atra Bilis by Laila Ripoll: an ultra-contemporary adaptation of the genre of esperpento
No full textopenIn questa tesi di laurea triennale si discute il tema dell'esperpento, genere nato nei primi anni del 1900, in particolare come sia stato trasposto nell'opera contemporanea "Atra Bilis" di Laila Ripoll.This thesis discusses the theme of Esperpento, a genre born in the early 1900s, in particular how it was transposed into the contemporary work "Atra Bilis" by Laila Ripoll
Sistema nervioso y receptores en la cholga, Aulacomya atra atra (Bivalvia: Mytilidae)
No full textSe estudió la anatomía e histología del sistema nervioso del mitílido, Aulacomya atra atra (Molina 1782) (Mytilidae), con énfasis en sus órganos receptores. La anatomía del sistema nervioso de A. atra atra es en líneas generales, similar a la descripta por diferentes autores para el género Mytilus. La diferencia más importante consiste en la ausencia, en A. atra atra, de un tronco común para los conectivos cerebro-viscerales y cerebro-pedales de cada lado. Los ojos branquiales, estatocripto, "osfradio" y "órgano sensorial abdominal" en Aulacomya son asimismo, en sus características más importantes, semejantes a los descriptos para el género Mytilus. Se ha observado en la cholga un "órgano sensorial paleal" par ubicado en la cámara suprabranquial de la cavidad paleal, asociado al eje branquial y que va desde aproximadamente la base del pie hasta el ano sobre el músculo aductor posterior; este órgano no ha sido descripto para Mytilus. Los órganos sensoriales de la cámara suprabranquial de la cholga son semejantes a los descriptos para otras familias de bivalvos; su parecido en morfología y ubicación sugiere que estos órganos pueden cumplir funciones equivalentes
Activation of RARα induces autophagy in SKBR3 breast cancer cells and depletion of key autophagy genes enhances ATRA toxicity
No full textAll-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), a pan-retinoic acid receptor (RAR) agonist, is, along with other retinoids, a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. On the one hand, preclinical studies have shown promising anticancer effects of ATRA in breast cancer; on the other hand, resistances occurred. Autophagy is a cellular recycling process that allows the degradation of bulk cellular contents. Tumor cells may take advantage of autophagy to cope with stress caused by anticancer drugs. We therefore wondered if autophagy is activated by ATRA in mammary tumor cells and if modulation of autophagy might be a potential novel treatment strategy. Indeed, ATRA induces autophagic flux in ATRA-sensitive but not in ATRA-resistant human breast cancer cells. Moreover, using different RAR agonists as well as RARα-knockdown breast cancer cells, we demonstrate that autophagy is dependent on RARα activation. Interestingly, inhibition of autophagy in breast cancer cells by either genetic or pharmacological approaches resulted in significantly increased apoptosis under ATRA treatment and attenuated epithelial differentiation. In summary, our findings demonstrate that ATRA-induced autophagy is mediated by RARα in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy results in enhanced apoptosis. This points to a potential novel treatment strategy for a selected group of breast cancer patients where ATRA and autophagy inhibitors are applied simultaneously
Cultural and Linguistic Transition explored. Proceedings of the ATrA closing workshop Trieste, May 25-26, 2016
No full textThe ATrA Workshop was held in Trieste (Italy) on May 24-26, 2016 with the aim of discussing the possible dimensions and varieties related to phenomena of cultural and linguistic transition in Africa. Identity negotiation, ethnicity and cultural affiliation, cases of contact, creolization, integration, urbanization, climate or cultural changes, language and cultural switch, market exchanges and human migration have been put on the table, generating a very concrete and fruitful discussion. The case studies collected in this miscellaneous book, give an idea of the multi-faceted dimensions of the debate, which ranges by necessity from anthropology to archaeology and from philology to linguistics, in a continuous alternation of disciplines, voices and styles. Mechanisms of resilience and adaptation to new situations and contexts are described through an investigation which in many cases has the flavour of an intimate research, aimed above all at finding out the very essence of “being human”
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Materiality and Identity. Selected papers from the proceedings of the ATrA Conferences of Naples and Turin 2015
No full textIn each and every discourse on issues such as contact, evolution, transition, migration, integration and encounter, identity plays a central role. Being a manifold, uneasily describable object in itself, identity represents a very difficult object of study and many scholars from different disciplines of the human sciences (psychologists, anthropologists, sociologists, philosophers and linguists) have tried in recent years to give their contribution to the debate born around it. In the two meetings organized in Naples, April 14th 2015 and Turin, October 8-9th 2015 in the framework of the ATrA project, the issue has been discussed by archaeologists, linguists, philologists and anthropologists specifically adopting the perspective of observing and discussing identity through a reflection on its material manifestations in transitional contexts (be it in terms of language, of economical exchanges or of traditional handicraft). This book is a collection of selected papers from those meetings
Síndrome Atra: experiência de 10 anos
No full textA leucemia promielocítica aguda (LPA) é um subtipo de leucemia mielóide aguda (LMA) responsável por 10% de todas as LMAs. Geralmente, o tratamento da LPA consiste de quimioterapia e uso de ácido transretinóico (ATRA). O maior efeito colateral do ATRA é a "Síndrome ATRA", que ocorre com uma freqüência de quase 30%. Estudamos a apresentação clínica e a incidência da Síndrome ATRA em pacientes com LPA admitidos no Hospital São Paulo (da Escola Paulista de Medicina-UNIFESP). Treze pacientes com LPA fizeram uso de ATRA. A síndrome foi diagnosticada em cinco pacientes (38%) com idade média de 29 anos e que estavam,em média, no décimo dia do uso de ATRA. Os achados clínicos mais freqüentes foram insuficiência respiratória, infiltrado pulmonar à radiografia e febre. Este relato chama a atenção para a necessidade do diagnóstico precoce dessa síndrome, com a introdução de dexametasona ao primeiro sinal no intuito de êxito terapêutico
Insuficiência renal aguda em paciente tratada com ATRA e anfotericina B: relato de caso
No full textO presente relato apresenta o caso clínico de uma paciente com leucemia promie-locítica aguda tratada com ácido todo-transretinoico (ATRA), que apresentou suspeita de síndrome do ácido transreti-noico (síndrome de ATRA). Com a ocor-rência de leucopenia febril inespecífica, foram associados ao tratamento antimi-crobianos e antifúngicos. A diminuição da função renal, observada inicialmente, contribuiu para a suspeita de síndrome de ATRA, que foi agravada pelos antifúngi-cos. Assim, o uso de ATRA foi suspenso, mas somente 8 dias depois foi caracteriza-da pneumonia e descartada a hipótese de síndrome de ATRA. Nesse contexto, foi discutida a nefrotoxicidade do ATRA e a potencialização desse efeito adverso pelo uso de antifúngicos nefrotóxicos, em par-ticular da anfotericina B, assim como a im-portância do diagnóstico diferencial entre síndrome de ATRA e doença infecciosa
Euura atra : Westwood 1839
No full textEuura atra (Jurine, 1807) Pteronus ater Jurine, 1807: Plate 6, Fig. 9. Described: ♀. Type locality: not mentioned, but supposedly Central Europe (Zinovjev & Vikberg 2006). Type material [not examined] thought to be lost or destroyed (Zinovjev & Vikberg 2006). Cryptocampus ater: Brischke (1883b). Euura atra: Westwood (1839). Euura (Euura) atra (Jurine, 1807): Viitasaari & Vikberg (1985). Nematus (Euura) ater: Zhelochovtsev (1988). Nematus angustus Hartig, 1837: 222 –223. Described: ♀, ♂, recorded host: Salix viminalis. Lectotype, ♀, designated by Kopelke (1996), ZSM [examined]. Type locality: Germany, Berlin area. Syn. nov. Euura angusta: Cameron (1885). Cryptocampus angustus: Konow (1890). Euura (Euura) angusta: Kopelke (1996). Euura salicicola E. A. Smith, 1879: 41 –42. Described: ♀, ♂, larva, pupa, recorded host: Salix alba. Lectotype, ♀, designated by Zinovjev & Vikberg (2006), USNM [examined]. Type locality: Peoria, Illinois [USA]. Synonymy with E. atra by Zinovjev & Vikberg (2006). Cryptocampus helveticus Zaddach, 1883 [in Brischke 1883b]: 205–206. Described: ♀, ♂. Syntypes in ETH Zurich [examined]. Lectotype, ♀, designated by Kopelke (2001: 192). Type locality: Gotthard [Switzerland]: see clarification below. Synonymy with E. atra by Kopelke (2001). Euura nigra Provancher, 1888: 346 –347. Described: ♀. Lectotype, ♀, designated by Gahan & Rohwer (1917), Laval University, Quebec [not examined]. Type locality: Cap Rouge [Canada, Quebec]. Primary homonym of Euura orbitalis var. nigra Norton, 1867. Notes on types and taxonomy. The colour characters mentioned by Kopelke (1996) as distinguishing angusta from atra, are probably the result of originally black body parts fading to brown in the only adult specimens of angusta that he was able to examine (the type series). Other differences mentioned by Kopelke (1996, 2006), such as the shape of valvula 3 in lateral view, its setation, and the denser pubescence on the inner orbits, were not observed in the material examined (lectotype and eight paralectotypes of N. angustus). Kopelke (1996) found galls on S. viminalis at only a single locality, and did not rear adults from them. The scarcity of records by other authors of the E. atra group from this willow species, and the congruence in morphology between atra and angusta, lead us to think that S. viminalis is merely a rarely used, secondary host of E. atra. We accordingly treat E. angusta as a synonym of E. atra. In designating the lectotype and a single male paralectotype of C. helveticus, Kopelke (2001) did not mention if any label data was available, such as locality. However, Zaddach [in Brischke 1883b] stated "Ich erhielt 7 Exemplare aus dem Züricher Museum durch Heer, 3♂ waren gezogen von Bremi aus Gallen vom Kattensee [Katzensee, near Zürich, Switzerland], l♂ gefangen, 2♀ und l♂ aus Gallen vom Gotthard [Switzerland]". It follows that the lectotype is from Gotthard. Variability. Female: Body length: 3.5–5.3mm. Antennal flagellum apically extensivly pale to completely black. Tegula pale (whitish) to black. Male: 2.9–4.9mm. Female and male: all specimens examined from central and northern Europe have completely black coxae, trochanters and trochantelli. In specimens from Cyprus and Crete, these are extensively pale. The antennal hollows of the latter specimens are also markedly less sculptured, and therefore more shiny. Number of specimens examined: 35. Genetic data. Apparently distinguishable by COI barcoding from all other species of the subgroup for which data is available. Roininen et al. (1993b) presented allozyme data which substantiate that E. atra has a rather distinctive genotype within the subgroup, and that populations on S. alba and S. × fragilis are conspecific. Similar species. Because E. atra is found principally in climatically milder, lowland regions, often in river valleys, the species of the atra subgroup with which it is most likely to co-occur is E. salicispurpureae. Females of atra can usually be separated from salicispurpureae by the relative proportions of cerci and ovipositor sheath: see key. Other species in the subgroup have either a markedly boreo-montane distribution, or are largely restricted (E. weiffenbachiella) to heath or marshland habitats. Males of the atra subgroup are not morphologically separable. Bionomics. Host plants: Salix alba, S. × fragilis (Kopelke 1996), S. × rubens (= alba × fragilis) (Kopelke et al. 2003); rarely on Salix viminalis (Hartig 1837, Kopelke 1996), with only a single record of use of this host in Fennoscandia: Norway, Nord-Trøndelag (Fjelddalen 1992; as E. atra). Records from " S. babylonica " (e.g. Wong et al. 1976) possibly relate to hybrids of that species with S. alba and S. × fragilis. Biology: Kopelke et al. (2003), MacCall et al. (1972), Price et al. (1997), Roininen et al. (1993b: as E. atra on S. alba and S. fragilis), Urban (1992a). This species usually does not form galls: larvae simply tunnel along the shoots, for a short distance (Wong et al. 1976, Kopelke 1996, Zinovjev & Vikberg 2006). Distribution. South, Central and North Europe, including British Isles, north to Sweden and Finland (Taeger et al. 2006). May reach Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan in the East (Zhelochovtsev & Zinovjev 1995), but many earlier records require confirmation. Introduced to North America (Wong et al. 1976). Occurrence in Sweden: published records; previous published records of E. atra from Sweden may refer to several species. Without checking voucher specimens, or if information on the host plant species is lacking, the identity of the sawfly species involved is not clear. Material examined: Öland.Published as part of Liston, Andrew D., Heibo, Erik, Prous, Marko, Vårdal, Hege, Nyman, Tommi & Vikberg, Veli, 2017, North European gall-inducing Euura sawflies (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Nematinae), pp. 1-115 in Zootaxa 4302 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4302.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/83988
Enithares atra Brooks
No full textEnithares atra Brooks (Figs. 11, 12, 17, 22) Enithares atra Brooks 1948. J. Kansas Entomol. Soc., 21: 48, fig. 11. Holotype, male, New Guinea, Rigo, Luglio, in SEMC. Material examined. PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Central Prov.: 5 males (holotype and paratypes), 7 females (allotype and paratypes), Rigo, Luglio, 1889, L. Loria (SEMC, USNM ex JTPC); 3 males, 8 females, Owen Stanley Range, trib. to upper Mimani River, 0.8 km. W of Dorobisoro, 500 m., 9°27′39′′S, 147°54′56′′E, water temp. 23.5 °C., 9 October 2003, 08:30–12:30 hrs., CL 7264, D. A. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM); 2 males, 5 females, 2 immatures, Owen Stanley Range, trib. to upper Mimani River, 1.70 km. NE of Dorobisoro, 535 m., 9°27′25′′S, 147°56′15′′E, water temp. 23.5 °C., 7 October 2003, 13:00–15:00 hrs., CL 7260, D. A. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM). Milne Bay Prov.: 1 male, 9 females, headwater reach of Goilayoli River above crossing on road from Watunou to Huhuna, 11.5 mi. ENE of Alotau, 275 m., 10°18′43′′S, 150°37′16′′E, 6 April 2002, 10:00–13:00 hrs., CL 7161, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus (USNM); 7 females, Pini Range, spring and streamlet nr. old Duabo mission station, 300 m., 10°25′05′′S, 150°18′24′′E, water temp. 25° C., 9 April 2002, 14:00–15:00 hrs., CL 7170, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM); 3 females, Sagarai River basin, Bwaona River, E. of Mila village, 90 m., 10°30′14′′S, 150°18′50′′E, water temp. 27–29° C., 7 April 2002, 10:45–12:45 hrs., CL 7165, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus (USNM); 6 males, 2 females, Cloudy Mountains, headwater tributary to upper Watuti River, S. of Gelemalaia village, 715 m. 10°29′50′′S, 150°13′58′′E, water temp. 22° C., 10 April 2002, 16:00–17:30 hrs., CL 7175, D. A. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM); 2 males, Cloudy Mountains, rocky stream 0.6 mi. above Gadowalai village, S. of Gelemalaia, 135 m., 10°28′57′′S, 150°14′27′′E, water temp. 24.5° C., 12 April 2002, 10:00–10:30 hrs., CL 7176, D. A. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM); 9 males, 21 females, Engineer Group, Tubetube Island, small stream above Samoa, 15– 45 m., 10°35′03′′S, 151°11′36′′E, water temp. 28° C., 19 January 2004, 09:00–10:30 hrs., CL 7299, D. A. and J. T. Polhemus (USNM, BPBM). Discussion. Enithares atra was originally described from a series of 12 specimens taken by Loria at in the Rigo district, along the south coast of New Guinea southeast of Port Moresby. Brooks (1948) stated that the type series of E. atra was in USNM, but Lansbury did not find it there, and Byers later confirmed to him by correspondence that it was in Kansas at SEMC. Thus, when preparing his monograph, Lansbury did not see the actual holotype of this species, but only one male paratype. He instead based his re-description on material from Lae and Finschhaven, localities lying on the north coast of New Guinea far from from the original Rigo type locality. A disjunct distribution of this type is quite atypical for most species of aquatic Heteroptera in New Guinea, which led the author to suspect that Lansbury (1968) may have misinterpreted the species concept for E. atra. A comparison of Brooks’ (1948) Figure 11 to material collected by the author in the vicinity of Dorobisoro in the Rigo District, near to the original type locality, shows that the male genitalic structures match well, particularly in regard to the shape of the slender, tapering LABP, which is partially depicted by Brooks. A more detailed illustration of the male genitalia for one of these more recently collected E. atra specimens is provided in Fig. 17. Lansbury (1968) also did not indicate which specimens he made his illustrations from, although there are three possibilities based on the material he listed: a male paratype from Rigo at BMNH; a male and female from Lae in Oxford; or a series of 5 males and 9 females from Finschhafen in the South Australian Museum. The genitalia of male specimens collected more recently by the author in the vicinity of Madang match Lansbury’s figures, particularly in regard to shape of the LABP, which terminates in a slightly expanded, truncate apex (Fig. 17, compare to Fig. 273 in Lansbury 1968), so it is clear that he illustrated a north coast male, from either the Finschhafen or Lae series. These north coast populations are in fact an undescribed species, treated herein as E. orsaki n. sp. As now understood, E. atra is a lowland species occurring in the southern foothills of the Papuan Peninsula, and ranging eastward through the islands east of Milne Bay as far as Tubetube, in the Engineer Group (Fig. 22). All previous records of this species from the north coast of New Guinea, including those in Lansbury (1968), are referable to E. orsaki n. sp. (see following description and discussion). Based on verified collections, E. atra occupies the South Papuan Peninsula Foreland area of freshwater endemism (Area 30) as defined by D. Polhemus & Allen (2007).Published as part of Polhemus, Dan A., 2020, Nine new species of Enithares (Heteroptera: Notonectidae) from New Guinea, with distributional notes on other species and an updated world checklist, pp. 132-182 in Zootaxa 4772 (1) on pages 137-138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4772.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/381407
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