1,720,976 research outputs found
OM Forum—In-Person or Virtual? What Will Operations Management/Research Conferences Look Like?
No full textProblem definition: We examine the environmental implications of shifting from in-person to virtual conference formats and identify the effects of such a shift on the value conferences provide to our societies. We extend work from other fields to present a more comprehensive comparison of the environmental impact and perceived value of different conference formats for the operations management/research communities. Methodology/results: We leverage a series of COVID-19–induced natural experiments to precisely evaluate the environmental footprint and societal value difference between in-person and virtual formats via life cycle assessment and survey techniques, respectively. Specifically, we focus on Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, Production and Operations Management Society, and European Operations Management Association conferences that were conducted in both formats between 2019 and 2021. The environmental assessment reveals a huge impact reduction: for climate change, on average, from 941.9 kg CO2eq per person for in-person formats to 1.0 for virtual. The value assessment emphasizes, instead, a detrimental utility loss with the overall perceived value derived from attendance moving—on a scale from 0 to 10—on average, from 7.9 to 4.0. When investigating the drivers of conference valuation, virtual formats show some merits, such as lower perceived costs and the added value of flexibility. The preference for in-person formats is unambiguous though, justified by the large performance gap related to socialization and networking, the two most important value drivers identified by our analysis. Managerial implications: These results highlight an inherent trade-off between virtual and in-person conferences. To overcome it, we discuss four strategies as to how our societies can reduce their environmental footprints and remain true to their essential purpose: (1) reduce in-person impact, (2) improve virtual design, (3) hybrid and decentralized formats, and (4) revise conferencing model and societies’ role
Managing the Chemicals and Substances in Products and Supply Chains
No full textThis chapter explores the challenges that companies face in managing the chemicals and substances found in their products and supply chains. The topic is presented from both a practice and an academic perspective. Based on the authors’ work with an environmental nonprofit, a model is presented that examines levers available to both companies and nonprofits for improving the environmental performance of suppliers. The chapter concludes by discussing potential future research directions with respect to chemicals management and sustainable supply chains
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF NEW INNOVATIVE PROCESSES IN RETAIL
Get PDFRetailers constantly innovate to improve their operations to maintain a competitive advantage, which has become even more apparent following the challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic. One challenge with innovating, however, is that limited information is available to evaluate the effectiveness of the operations. Fortunately empirical methodologies of structural estimation and field experimentation can be used to help determine if innovative processes at retail chains are fruitful when implemented. Field experiments provide direct causal evidence on whether the innovations will work while structural estimation allows for examining counterfactual scenarios to evaluate outcomes from such process innovations. In this dissertation, we leverage structural estimation and field experimentation to study three topics on the frontier of innovations in retail operations: a) dynamic pricing of product drops in the presence of resellers, b) localization of inventory for e-commerce retailers, and c) increasing customer recycling through operational incentives. The key results are as follows. In Chapter 2, through structural estimation we show that incorporating resellers into pricing improves retailer profit by 7% on average, and the impacts of the resale market to firm profit are heterogeneous across products based on the initial inventory relative to the initial demand. In Chapter 3, through structural estimation we find that distribution centers closer to the customer (front DCs) allow the e-commerce retailer to capture an average 10.7% benefit to profit by improving average promised delivery time by 28.3%. Front DCs allow to capture sales from high-margin SKUs with high demand where backup fulfillment results in much longer promised delivery time. In Chapter 4, through field experiments we find that the chosen value-based incentives and convenience-based incentives are ineffective at inducing customers to engage in recycling behavior, despite importance of these incentives toward recycling intentions reported in the literature. Our results suggest that offering programs to encourage e-waste recycling behavior can be a costly endeavor.Doctor of Philosoph
Essays on knowledge outsourcing
No full textDue to rapid changes in technology, science, and the marketplace, while recognizing knowledge as a key resource for competitive advantage, many firms lack the internal knowledge resources to achieve their goals. To address this challenge, firms increasingly rely on outsourcing knowledge from external entities such as consultancies. Since I personally observed this global trend at Samsung, I could fully understand the importance of this challenge. While there is a substantial amount of literature examining supplier-buyer interactions for physical components and finished goods in Operations Management, studies that provide managerial implications on the interactions between a buyer (she) and a supplier (he) for knowledge outsourcing are limited. In this dissertation, I study how firms effectively manage knowledge outsourcing. In particular, I focus on investigating how factors such as absorptive capacity, uncertainty, information asymmetry, and competition impact firms’ decisions and the outcomes of knowledge outsourcing. Using a game-theoretic formulation, the first essay (Chapter 2) studies how a buyer’s ability to understand and apply outsourced knowledge (i.e., absorptive capacity) affects the interactions between the buyer and the supplier. It also investigates the impact of uncertainty about the amount of knowledge needed and asymmetric information regarding a key element of absorptive capacity on firms’ decisions and the outcomes of knowledge outsourcing. To build further implications on knowledge outsourcing, the second essay (Chapter 3) incorporates market competition between two buyers who outsource knowledge from a common supplier. It examines how competition in the downstream market impacts the buyers’ knowledge outsourcing decisions and the supplier’s service strategies. As the current literature on knowledge outsourcing remains in the early stages, the third essay (Chapter 4) reviews current studies to identify what is known and unknown about knowledge outsourcing at present, and provides a future research agenda. Overall, my dissertation contributes a significant building-block for Operation Management to better address managerial challenges in the knowledge economy.Ph.D
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