177,573 research outputs found
Diversity and taxonomic implications of glands and trichomes in the genus Matthiola W.T.Aiton (Anchonieae; Brassicaceae) in the Flora Iranica area
No full textZeraatkar, Amin, Ghahremaninejad, Farrokh, Khosravi, Ahmad R., Assadi, Mostafa (2022): Diversity and taxonomic implications of glands and trichomes in the genus Matthiola W.T.Aiton (Anchonieae; Brassicaceae) in the Flora Iranica area. Adansonia (3) 44 (23): 303-320, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a2
Fully Dynamic Set Cover via Hypergraph Maximal Matching: An Optimal Approximation Through a Local Approach
No full textIn the (fully) dynamic set cover problem, we have a collection of m sets from a universe of size n that undergo element insertions and deletions; the goal is to maintain an approximate set cover of the universe after each update. We give an O(f²) update time algorithm for this problem that achieves an f-approximation, where f is the maximum number of sets that an element belongs to; under the unique games conjecture, this approximation is best possible for any fixed f. This is the first algorithm for dynamic set cover with approximation ratio that exactly matches f (as opposed to almost f in prior work), as well as the first one with runtime independent of n,m (for any approximation factor of o(f³)).
Prior to our work, the state-of-the-art algorithms for this problem were O(f²) update time algorithms of Gupta et al. [STOC'17] and Bhattacharya et al. [IPCO'17] with O(f³) approximation, and the recent algorithm of Bhattacharya {et al. } [FOCS'19] with O(f⋅log{n}/ε²) update time and (1+ε)⋅f approximation, improving the O(f²⋅log{n}/ε⁵) bound of Abboud et al. [STOC'19].
The key technical ingredient of our work is an algorithm for maintaining a maximal matching in a dynamic hypergraph of rank r - where each hyperedge has at most r vertices - that undergoes hyperedge insertions and deletions in O(r²) amortized update time; our algorithm is randomized, and the bound on the update time holds in expectation and with high probability. This result generalizes the maximal matching algorithm of Solomon [FOCS'16] with constant update time in ordinary graphs to hypergraphs, and is of independent merit; the previous state-of-the-art algorithms for set cover do not translate to (integral) matchings for hypergraphs, let alone a maximal one. Our quantitative result for the set cover problem is translated directly from this qualitative result for maximal matching using standard reductions.
An important advantage of our approach over the previous ones for approximation (1+ε)⋅f (by Abboud et al. [STOC'19] and Bhattacharya et al. [FOCS'19]) is that it is inherently local and can thus be distributed efficiently to achieve low amortized round and message complexities
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Graph Connectivity and Single Element Recovery via Linear and OR Queries
No full textWe study the problem of finding a spanning forest in an undirected, n-vertex multi-graph under two basic query models. One are Linear queries which are linear measurements on the incidence vector induced by the edges; the other are the weaker OR queries which only reveal whether a given subset of plausible edges is empty or not. At the heart of our study lies a fundamental problem which we call the single element recovery problem: given a non-negative vector x ∈ ℝ^{N}_{≥ 0}, the objective is to return a single element x_j > 0 from the support. Queries can be made in rounds, and our goals is to understand the trade-offs between the query complexity and the rounds of adaptivity needed to solve these problems, for both deterministic and randomized algorithms. These questions have connections and ramifications to multiple areas such as sketching, streaming, graph reconstruction, and compressed sensing. Our main results are as follows:
- For the single element recovery problem, it is easy to obtain a deterministic, r-round algorithm which makes (N^{1/r}-1)-queries per-round. We prove that this is tight: any r-round deterministic algorithm must make ≥ (N^{1/r} - 1) Linear queries in some round. In contrast, a 1-round O(polylog)-query randomized algorithm is known to exist.
- We design a deterministic O(r)-round, Õ(n^{1+1/r})-OR query algorithm for graph connectivity. We complement this with an Ω̃(n^{1 + 1/r})-lower bound for any r-round deterministic algorithm in the OR-model.
- We design a randomized, 2-round algorithm for the graph connectivity problem which makes Õ(n)-OR queries. In contrast, we prove that any 1-round algorithm (possibly randomized) requires Ω̃(n²)-OR queries. A randomized, 1-round algorithm making Õ(n)-Linear queries is already known. All our algorithms, in fact, work with more natural graph query models which are special cases of the above, and have been extensively studied in the literature. These are Cross queries (cut-queries) and BIS (bipartite independent set) queries
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Matthiola W. T. Aiton
No full textKEY TO THE MATTHIOLA W.T.AITON SPECIES MOSTLY BASED ON GLANDS AND TRICHOMES MORPHOLOGY 1a. Plants annual............................................................................................................................................... 2 — Plants perennial or biennial......................................................................................................................... 3 2a. Trichomes mostly 7-9-rayed, ±thick; glands usually 360 µm long, stipulelike glands absent............................................................................................................................. Matthiola chenopodiifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. — Trichomes mostly 5-7-rayed, thin; glands usually 153 µm long, stipulelike glands always present...................................................................................................................................... Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. 3a. Plants eglandular......................................................................................................................................... 4 — Plants glandular.......................................................................................................................................... 7 4a. 2-4-rayed trichomes absent, petals circinately involute at apex..................................................................... 5 — 2-4-rayed trichomes present, petals revolute at apex.................................................................................... 6 5a. Trichomes sparse, thin, stalk mostly 144 µm long, plants 8-15 cm long, stigma capitate-bilobed.............................................................................................................................................. Matthiola macranica Rech.f. — Trichomes usually dense, thick, stalk mostly ca. 70 µm long, stigma conical-bilobed, plants longer........................................................................................................ Matthiola ghorana Rech.f. / Matthiola revoluta Bunge 6a. Simple trichomes frequent, restricted to petiolar leaf bases on proximal part of stem, trichomes up to 169 µm long, rays parallel to epidermis, basal leaves present, 5-14.5 cm long.................... Matthiola spathulata Conti — Simple trichomes sparse nearly throughout, trichomes up to 766 µm long, rays erect, basal leaves absent or significantly shorter.......................................................................................................... Matthiola dumulosa 7a. Ovary, fruit and stem glabrous, glands exclusively limited to margins of uppermost cauline leaves.................................................................................................................................. Matthiola alyssifolia (DC.) Bornm. — Ovary, fruit, and stem pubescent; glands on both leaf surfaces.................................................................... 8 8a. Glands (300) 600-700 (920) µm long, usually absent on ovaries and fruits, petals margin smooth.............. 9 — Glands (200-) 300-500 µm long, present on ovaries and fruits, petals margin undulated.......................... 10 9a. Leaves and stems always glandular (in both flowering and fruiting periods), glands abundant, (300-) 500-600 (700) µm long, leaves broadly elliptic or elliptic-oblanceolate.......................................................................................................................... Matthiola shiraziana Zeraatkar, Khosravi, F.Ghahrem., Al-Shehbaz & Assadi — Leaves and stems eglandular in the time of fruit maturity, glands usually sparse, (300) 600-700 (920) µm long, leaves lanceolate, sometimes sublyrate....................................................................... Matthiola flavida Boiss. 10a. 2-4-rayed trichomes present in intercostal fields of leaves, simple trichomes occasionally present, biennial or sometimes short-lived perennial, petals margin proximally revolute and distally curved backwards.................................................................................................................................................. Matthiola tomentosa Bél. — 2-4-rayed trichomes rare and at leaf apex, simple trichomes absent, perennial, petals margin curved backwards proximally (not revolute)........................................................................................................................... 11 11a. Glands moderate or dense on all organs; long-stalked trichomes present on pedicel and sepal throughout, rays usually curved, petals violet.............................................................................. Matthiola codringtonii Rech.f. — Glands usually sparse or absent at least from some organs; long-stalked trichomes restricted to below receptacle, petiolar leaf base and outer sepal apex, rays usually straight, petals pale brown or sordid yellow................. 12 12a.Trichomes moderate, rays suberect; glands often dense on distal third of plant, especially fruits, flowering pedicels sessile or 0.5-1 (2.5) mm, fruit apex usually the same width as the rest of fruit........................................................................................................................................................ Matthiola afghanica Rech.f. & Köie — Trichomes always dense, rays often parallel to epidermis; glands sparse throughout, flowering pedicels (0.5-1.5-) 0.2-4 (6) mm, fruit apex usually attenuate............................................................... Matthiola farinosa Bunge APPENDIX 1. — Selected of voucher specimens used for gland and trichome studies. The following abbreviations designate the herbaria without index: Yasouj University herbarium (YUH);Agriculture and Natural Resources Researches center of Urmia and Hormozgan herbaria (ANRRU and ANRRH,respectively); Department of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM); Herbarium of Isfahan University of Technology (HIUT). Matthiola afghanica Rech.f. & Köie. Iran. Khorasan: Robat sefid, 1649 m, Zeraatkar 16023 (T); 80 km Mashhad from Sabzevar, 1107 m, Zeraatkar 16020 (T); Robat Sefid, 1694 m, Zeraatkar 16039 (T); S Ataiyeh, 1591 m, Zeraatkar 16019 (T); Taghestan-e Nowzar, 900 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 22870 (FUMH); SW Taybad, Karat Mt., 894 m, Faghihnia 34797 (FUMH); Torbat Heydariyeh, 1050 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 19946 (FUMH); between Saleh Abad & Polkhatoon, 500 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 22705 (FUMH); Akhlamad, 1380 m, Ayatollahi& Rezaie 12726 (FUMH); Tangal-e Bardoo, 1666 m, Johrachi & Zangooei 15407 (FUMH); Mazdavand, 950 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 16737 (FUMH); Tandureh National Park, 1862 m, Vaezi & Tabasi 89232, 89237 (FUM); Torbat Heydariyeh to Khaf, 1319 m, Anonymous s.n. (FUM); Baghcheh-Mashhad highway, 1036 m, Anonymous s.n. (FUM); Mirabad, 1800-2000 m, Assadi & Massoumi 21253 (TARI); 70 km from Neyshabour to Kashmar, 1550-1950 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 35451 (TARI); Torbat-e Jam to Bakhazr, 1770 m, Assadi & Amirabadi 84597 (TARI); N Robat Sefid, 1700-2000 m, Runemark & Sardabi 23515 (TARI); ca. 63 km Neyshabour from Kashmar, 1600 m, Assadi 95831 (TARI); Robat Sefid, 1700- 1900 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 35864 (TARI); ca. 25 Mashhad to Fariman, 990 m, Mozaffarian 67523 (TARI). Afghanistan. Bamian: In jugo Shibar, 2400 m, Neubauer 4692 (KUFS). Herat: 1500 m, Köie 3849 (W); 23 km N Herat and der strasse nach Toraghundi, 1330 m, Podlech & Yarmal 29412 (KUFS); Kuh-e Zayarat, 1200-1400 m, Jarmal & Podlech 29299 (M). Matthiola alyssifolia (DC.) Bornm. Iran. Khorasan: E Quchan, 1650 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 27491 (FUMH); E Birjand, 2400 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 32073 (FUMH); Bojnurd, Qaleh Sheykh to Sorkhzoo, 1300 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 21659 (FUMH); E Birjand, 2300 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 30308 (FUMH); Kalat, 1200 m, Lotfi & Mousavi 2643 (TARI); ca. 50 km Mashhad, 1600 m, Paryab & Shirdel 7291 (TARI); Dargaz, 1300 m, Mousavi et al 7343 (TARI); Tandoureh National Park, 1520 m, Vafaee & Mohammadzadeh 479 (TARI); Akhlamad, 1600-1800 m, Mozaffarian 48779 (TARI); Chalpoo, 1550 m, Amirabadi & Abbasi 4409 (TARI); Gonabad to Ferdos, 2090 m, Amirabadi & Ranjbar 2495 (TARI); Birjand, 1800 m, Shad & Vafaee 931 (TARI). Gorgan: Between Azadshahr & Shahrud, 2000 m, Assadi 85659 (TARI); S Kordkoy, 1700 m, Massoumi 55969 (TARI); Golestan National Park, 1450 m, Wendelbo et al. 11086 (TARI). Hamadan: Yalfan, 1940 m, Termeh & Mousavi 16059 (TARI); Esfahan: Mouteh, 1990 m, Amin & Mousavi 6336 (TARI); Kashan, 1800 m, Iranshahr 16079 (TARI); Tiran, 2200 m, Nowroozi 5240 (TARI); Darband, Iranshahr 15951 (TARI); Golpayegan, 2210 m, Etemadi & Movahedi 3122 (TARI). Yazd: Shirkuh, 2400 m, Mozaffarian 77678 (TARI); S Yazd, Shirkuh, 2800 m, Mousavi & Tehrani 16071 (TARI). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad: Yasuj, 2030 m, Fasihi 24499 (TARI). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: 32 km Shahrkor, 2300 m, Iranshahr 15958 (TARI); Kuh-e Shahidan, 2300- 3000, Mozaffarian 58097 (TARI); Tang-e Sayyad national park, 2400 m, Mozaffarian 62123 (TARI). Fars: Khorambid, near Gooshti village, 2560 m, Khosravi & Farahmand s.n. (SUH). Kerman: 70 km NW Ravar, 2400-3200 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56159 (TARI); Pabdana, 2275 m, s.n. (SUH); Rafsanjan to Zarand, 1800 m, Saber & Ghonchei 88 (TARI); Kerman, Babankhanloo 24007 (TARI). Semnan: 49 km Azadshahr to Shahrud, 1000 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29617 (TARI); Mehmandust, 1800-2200 m, Termeh & Zargani 15954 (TARI); 35 km N Damghan, 1950 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29491 (TARI). Tehran: Karaj, 1700 m, Termeh 15953 (TARI); Karaj, Kalak, 1800 m, Mousavi 16074 (TARI); Kuhdashteh, 2500 m, Parsa 12398 (TARI); Mardabad, 1800 m, Gauba 16076 (TARI); Garmdareh, 2000 m, Assadi 27534 (TARI); Khojir, Hamzeh & Shirvani 95184 (TARI). Arak: Arak to Mahalat, 2500 m, Massoumi & Mozaffarian 47931 (TARI). Afghanistan. Ghorat: Ghorat, 2400 m, Podlech 21839 (M). Matthiola chenopodiifolia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Iran. Khorasan: Beshruyeh to Ferdows, 800 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Nehbandan to Sefidayeh, 1000 m, Hojjat & Zangooei 24844 (FUMH); SE Tous, 850 m, Rafeie & Zangooei 26199 (FUMH); N Gonabad, 880 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 17226 (FUMH); E Sabzevar, 900 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 11281 (FUMH); Torbat Hedarieyeh to Gonabad, 1087 m, Ayatallahi & Zangooei 13705 (FUMH); Jajarm, 900 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 11348 (FUMH). Esfahan: NE Kashan, 870 m, Babakhanloo & Amin 17808 (TARI); Shahrreza to Abadeh, 1900 m, Nowroozi & Shams 12359 (TARI). Yazd: Nodoushan, 1991 m, Hadi 19253 & 19252 (FAR); Bafq, 1350 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56019 (TARI); Bahramabad, 1500 m, Rech. & Esf. 15970 (TARI). Hormozgan: Hajiabad to Bandar, 1200 m, Rech. & Esf. 15973 (TARI); between Gahkom & Tarom, 800 m, Mozaffarian 52262 (TARI). Kerman: Ravar to Chatrud, 1500 m, Assadi & Bazgosha 56306 (TARI); near Mahan, 1700 m, Haravi 649 (TARI); Mamanak, 1000 m, Mousavi & Termeh 15976 (TARI). Baluchistan: Zahedan, 1500 m, Sabeti 15969 (TARI); Zabol to Zahedan, 760 m, Massoumi 1038 (TARI); Zahedan to Mirjaveh, 1690 m, Sandughdaran 942 (TARI). Semnan: Mayamey to Damqan, 1339 m, Zeraatkar 16042 (T); Garmsar to Semnan, 1200 m, Iranshahr 15984 (TARI); N Shahrud, 1100 m, Freitag & Mozaffarian 28410 (TARI). Fars: Abadeh to Esfahan, 2098 m, Ghorbani 102 (TMRC); Abadeh, Farrokh s.n. (SUH). Tehran: Saveh to Tehran, 1170 m, Foroughi 4490 (TARI); Siahkuh, 1000 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 16069 (TARI). Pakistan. Baluchistan: 8k to Warechah, Martin L. Grant 15331 (SUH); Makran, Panjgur area, Riedl & Rafiq PG-98-027 (W). Matthiola codringtonii Rech.f. Afghanistan. Bamian: Bande Amir, Band-e Gholaman, 3057 m, Ahmadzai s.n. (SUH); Band-e Amir, 2900 m, Hedge & Wendelbo 4779 (E, photo); Band-e Amir, 1800 m, Rech. f. 18485 (E, photo). APPENDIX 1. — Continuation. Matthiola dumulosa Boiss. & Buhse. Iran. Khorasan: Qayen to Birjand, 1837 m, Zeraatkar 16024 (T); W of Jajarm, Daraq, 900 m, Joharchi 11388 (FUMH); Qayen to Birjand, 1703 m, Basiri 1570, 19991, 19992, 19994 (FUM); Qayen to Birjand, 2 km to Khezri, 1718 m, Basiri 17181 (FUM); ca. 1 km after Darq from Jajarm, 1101 m, Zeraatkar 16043 (T, SUH); ca. 38 km E Torbat-e Jam, 700 m, Assadi & Amirabadi 66788 (TARI). Semnan: Dehmolla & Salehabad to Kavir, 1200 m, Mozaffarian 72671 (TARI); 33 km Shahrud to Sabzevar, 1500 m, Assadi & Abouhamzeh 40074 (TARI). Matthiola farinosa Bunge ex Boiss. Iran. Khorasan: Baba Aman, 1216 m, Zeraatkar 16035 (T). Saluk, 1357 m, Ezazi 5402 (T); Bar, 2046 m, Zeraatkar 16025 (T); Chamanbid, 1608 m, Zeraatkar 16037 (T); Behkadeh, 1608 m, Zeraatkar 16036 (T); SE Bojnurd, 1500 m, Rafeie & Zangooei 31557 (FUMH); S Dargaz, 1800 m, Joharchi & Zangooei 18685 (FUMH); N Faruj, 1400 m, Faghihnia & Zangooei 31244 (FUMH). Semnan: Bashm, 2600 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 40337 (TARI); Tang-e Parvar, 2200 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 40750 (TARI); above Touye, 2000 m, Assadi & Wendelbo 29490 (TARI). Gorgan: after Golestan tunnel, 999 m, Zeraatkar 16056 (T); E Maraveh Tappeh, 300 m, Assadi & Massoumi 55478 (TARI); Tilabad, 1000 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 29599 (TARI). Matthiola flavida Boiss. Iran. Fars: near Persepolis, Kuh-e Ayub, 1746 m, Zeraatkar 16014 (T); Kavar, 2175 m, Sohrabie s.n. (SUH); Shiraz, Derak Mt, 1640 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Kharameh, Khaneh Kat Mt., 1620 m, Khosravi & Biglari s.n. (SUH); Dokuhak, 1765 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH); Jahrom, Kuh-e Sur, 2101 m, Mohammadi s.n. (SUH); N Shiraz, 1600 m, Kamali s.n. (SUH). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer ahmad: Dehdasht, Taghizadeh s.n. (SUH); Sogh, Panahi s.n. (SUH). Kerman: E Kerman, 1842 m, Naderi s.n. (SUH); Shahr-e Babak to Meymand village, 1919 m, Abbasi s.n. (SUH); Rafsanjan, Gurchupan, 2400 m, Emamipur s.n. (SUH); Lalehzar, 2600 m, Foroughi & Assadi 17898 (TARI). Hormozgan: S Genou, 1600 m, Wendelbo & Foroughi 15500 (TARI); Qotbabad, 1200 m, Wendelbo & Foroughi 15775 (TARI); Bokhvan, 1500 m, Mozaffarian 44721 (TARI); SE Jakdan, 1200 m, Mozaffarian et al. 39390 (TARI). Baluchistan: Taftan, 2700-3800 m, Mozaffarian 53077 (TARI); Taftan region, 2200 m, Mozaffarian 52982 (TARI); Khash, 2500 m, Assadi 22840 (TARI). Matthiola ghorana Rech.f. Afghanistan. Ghorat: infra Parjuman, Rech. 19054 (W). Ghazni: In valle fluvii Arghandab prope Sang-i Masha, 2400 m, Rech.17518 (W); Sang-i Masha, in saxosis ad fluv. Arghandab, 2500 m, Rech. 17468 (W). Matthiola incana (L.) W.T.Aiton. Iran. Azerbaijan: Mianeh, 1100 m, Illegible 19273 (T, cult.). Mazandaran: Amol, 95 m, Ebrahimi 7224 (T, cult.). Tehran: Park-e Daneshjoo, 1150 m, Zeraatkar 16021 (T, cult.). Kerman: Bam, 1150 m, Zare s.n. (SUH, cult.). Fars: Mamassani, 1820 m, Akbari s.n. (SUH, cult.). Matthiola spathulata Conti. Iran. Azerbaijan: Asalem to Khalkhal, Assadi 86500 (TARI); 22 km SW Ahar, 1550 m, Illegible 26885 (TARI); ca. 18 km NW Marand, 1500 m, Assadi & Shahsavari 65444 (TARI); W Bazargan, 1500- 1700 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 30200 (TARI); Khoy to Shahpur, 1200 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 19263 (TARI); Tabriz to Marand, 1500 m, Assadi & Mozaffarian 29812 (TARI). Qazvin: Abgarm, Kharamaghan, 1735 m, Mozaffarian 87297 (TARI). Zanjan: Hajibacheh, 1900 m, Zeraatkar 16006 (T, SUH); 50 km on the Zanjan-Dandi, 1908 m, Mahmoodi 99568 (T, TARI); between Gowjeh Qaya and Gholtugh, 1902 m, Mahmoodi 100456 (T, TARI); 4 km before Ghezel-Ozan river, 1450 m, Mahmoodi 100458 (T, TARI). Haji-Bache 1908 m, Mahmoodi 100457 (T, TARI). Matthiola longipetala (Vent.) DC. Iran. Hormozgan: Tashkuye village, 668 m, Zeraatkar 16044 (T); 2169 m, Geno Mt., Zarrin & Ghahremaninejad 322651 (T); 22 km Senderk to Darpahn, 550 m, Mozaffarian, Banihashemi & Shahinzadeh 39258 (TARI). Bushehr: 61 km Kazerun to Dalaki, 250 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 26837 (TARI); 70 Bushehr to Ameri, 3 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 27058 (TARI); 2 N Khormuj, 150 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 27182 (TARI). Khuzestan: Andimeshk to Khoramabad, Pol-e Zal, 350 m, Mozaffarian 53780 (TARI); 10 km Bagh Malek to Haftkel, 500 m, Assadi & Abuhamzeh 38872 (TARI); S Susa, 63 m, Zeraatkar 16041 (T); 55 km Behbahan to Ramhormoz, 240 m, Runemark & Mozaffarian 30921 (TARI); Masjed soleyman, 278 m, Arabi 46391 (T); Bagh Malek, 750 m, Mozaffarian 53595 (TARI); Susangerd, Bostan, Alahoakbar, 60 m, Mozaffarian 62658 (TARI); Behbahan, Khyrudkenar, 470 m, Foroughi 2938 (TARI). Fars: Shiraz, Bamu National Park, 1900 m, Dehbozorgi 32824 (TARI); 22 km from Fahlian to Rashk, 900 m, Mozaffarian 45960 (TARI); Darab, Rostagh neck, 1200 m, Riazi 4599 (TARI). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer-Ahmad: 5 km Shamsabad to Basht, 700 m, Assadi & Abuhanzeh 38614 (TARI). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: Lurdegan, Sarkhun, 1200 m, Mozaffarian 45960 (TARI). Hamedan: Asadabad neck, 2030 m, Riazi 4696 (TARI). Kermanshah: Bisetun to Kermanshah, Rahimabad, 1358 m, Hamzeh & Asri 87772 (TARI). Kordestan: ca. 15 km N Sanandaj, 1700 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 16913 (TARI). Kordestan: Sanandaj, Cheno village, 1250 m, Fatahi & Khaledian 199 (TARI). Tehran: 40 km to Qom, 200 m, Ghafari 120/64 (TARI). Tehran: 55 km N Tafresh, 1300 m, Amin & Bazargan 18797 (TARI). Markazi: Save, 985 m, Nazemi-Karami 58040 (T). Ilam: Mehran, 155m, Jafari 25973 (T). APPENDIX 1. — Continuation. Matthiola tomentosa Bélang. Iran. Mazandaran: Sangdeh, 1315 m, Doumanchick 31295 (TARI). Markazi: 50 km to Delijan, after Ghoragchi neck, Zeraatkar 16055 (T, TARI); Gharghabad, 1500 m, Amin & Bazargan 8207 (TARI); Khomyn to Mahalat, 1700 m, Nowroozi 4540 (TARI); Golpayegan, 1860 m, Jalali 19257 (FAR). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: Shahidan Mt., 2208 m, Mozaffarian 58106 (TARI); Boroujen, Baraftab Mt., 2109 m, Mozaffarian 54780 (TARI); Shalamazar, 2064 m, Mozaffarian 54614 (TARI). Yazd: Taft, Deh Bala, 2203 m, Zeraatkar 16007 (T); near Taft, 1469 m, Zeraatkar 16045 (T); S Yazd, 1285 m, Nowroozi & Feyzi 5991 (TARI). Esfahan: 30 km Shahreza from Semirum, 2322 m, Zeraatkar 16046 (T); Tiran, 2057 m, Nowroozi & Feyzi 5434 (TARI); Chadegan, Zayandehrood, 2098 m, Assadi & Khatamsaz 76403 (TARI). Qazvin: Alamut, 1494 m, Khaleghi & Imani s.n. (FAR). Tehran: Sarbandan, 2469 m, Zeraatkar 16010 (T); Ghuchak, 1960 m, Mousavi 22832 (TARI); Lashgarak, 1500m, Dini 9024 (TARI); Mardabad, 1250 m, Hedge, Wendelbo & Froughi 14697 (TARI); Gisha, 1366 m, Karbaschi s.n. (FAR). Semnan: Ahovan neck, 1939 m, Zeraatkar 16012 (T); N Sorkheh, 1400 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 29429 (TARI); SW Semnan, 1100 m, Pabot 26879 (TARI); N Garmsar, 1000 m, Amin & Bazargan 19052 (TARI). Fars: Safashahr to Surmaq, 1827 m, Zeraatkar 16008 (T); Bel Mt., 2540 m, Sadri s.n. (SUH). Hormozgan: Bandar Abbas, 0 m, Mobayen 7981 (ANRRU, fragment). Matthiola revoluta Bunge ex Boiss. Iran. Khorasan: Sabzevar from Esfarayen, 1109 m, Zeraatkar 16052 (T); Robat Sefid, 1694 m, Zeraatkar 16053 (T); S Ataiyeh, 1591 m, Zeraatkar 16054 (T); near Khezri Dashtebayaz, 1583 m, Zeraatkar 16049 (T); Neyshabour, kuh-e Binaloud, 1500-2700 m, Mozaffarian 49000 (TARI); Garmab, 1668 m, Zeraatkar 16051 (T). Yezd: near Abarkooh, 1566 m, Zeraatkar 16048 (T); near Arij, 1762 m, Zeinali s.n. (SUH); Dehshir to Taft, 1750 m, Khosravi s.n. (SUH). Esfahan: Niasar, 1504 m, Naderi s.n. (DU); Sangab, 2200 m, Yousefi 1144 (TARI); Ravand, 1550 m, Dini & Bazargan 8016 (TARI). Fars: near Eqlid, 2128 m, Zeraatkar 16017 (T); N Izadkhast, 2050, Khosravi s.n. (SUH). Baluchistan: Sarbaz to Iranshahr, 979 m, Ghorbani 939 ( TMRC); 18 km Khash-Iranshahr road to Irandegan, 1500 m, Mozaffarian 42852 (TARI); 65 km Khash to Zahedan, Mortak, 2100 m, Mozaffarian 53395 (TARI). Semnan: N Semnan, 1400-1500 m, Wendelbo & Assadi 29747 (TARI); Delbar, 2200-2300 m, Freytag 13916 (TARI); Shahrud, 1400 m, Freytag & Mozaffarian 28575 (TARI). Tehran: Damavand, Eivanakey to Bulan, 1600 m, Mozaffarian 54057 (TARI). Afghanistan. Gardez: Safed Kuh, 2600-2700, Rech. 31972 (W). Bamian: Band-e Amir, Bande Panir, 2959 m, Ahmadzai s.n. (SUH); Band-e Gholaman, 3057 m, Ahmadzai s.n. (SUH). Uzbekistan. Peti village, 6000 ft., Komarov s.n. (LE). Matthiola shiraziana Zeraatkar, Khosravi, F.Ghahreman., Al-Shehbaz & Assadi. Iran. Esfahan: Esfahan to Vanak road, 2200 m, Parishani 14363 (HIUT); Semirum, Padena to Sisakht, Gardaneh Rigan (probably Bijan) 2600 m, Nowrooz 4678 (HIUT); Khafr, Dena Mt., 3700 m, Riazi 6890 (TARI); Semirum, Vanak, 2250 m, Mozaffarian 62152 (TARI); Semirum, Padena to Sisakht, Gardan-e Bizhan, 2600 m, Nowroozi 2863 (TARI). Fars: Shiraz, Ghalat village, 2420 m, Jowkar s.n (SUH); 20 km W Shiraz, Ghalat village, 2100 m, Sarafraz s.n. (SUH). Kohgiluyeh & Boyer - Ahmad : 27 km of N Sisakht, 2428 m, Jamzad et al. 69446 (TARI); SE Yasuj, 15 km to Ardakan, Moleye Balout, Torbekestan Mt., 2510 m, Moazzeni & Pirani 2210 (TMRC, FUMH); Yasouj, the old road of Kakan, 2078 m, 30 May 2013, Hosseini s.n. (YUH). Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari: Farsan, 2220 m, Mozaffarian 96682 (TARI).Published as part of Zeraatkar, Amin, Ghahremaninejad, Farrokh, Khosravi, Ahmad R. & Assadi, Mostafa, 2022, Diversity and taxonomic implications of glands and trichomes in the genus Matthiola W. T. Aiton (Anchonieae; Brassicaceae) in the Flora Iranica area, pp. 303-320 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (23) on pages 315-320, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a23, http://zenodo.org/record/719840
Subsea Pumped Hydro Energy Storage : Exploring the need, possibilities, and limitations in the Energy Transition
No full textIn light of the global challenges posed by climate change and the required mitigation of its effects, the transition from conventional fossil fuels to renewable energy sources has accelerated, albeit with significant challenges. This thesis investigates the crucial role of energy storage, specifically Subsea Pumped Hydro Storage (SPHS), in facilitating this transition by increasing the flexibility and reliability of power systems dominated by intermittent renewable energy sources. SPSH, not yet a commercial application, could open up the ocean space for large scale energy storage and mitigate the shortcomings of existing energy storage concepts.
The ongoing shift towards renewable energy, with geopolitical tensions and the need for energy security increasing the complexity, creates new requirements on the power supply system. This system must be able to reliably supply power when there is a demand even when a majority of the power comes from intermittent power plants while it must also use the opportunities provided by intermittent power plants to its fullest extent.
Energy storage emerges as a pivotal solution to the intermittency challenge, offering the dual capability to store excess energy during periods of low demand and supplement the grid during high demand. This thesis examines the benefits of energy storage, towards achieving the goal of limiting the effects of climate change. The thesis introduces a novel thermodynamic model for SPHS, defining key operational parameters such as the Compression Ratio (CR), State of Charge (SOC), and degree of filling. This model not only advances our understanding of SPHS but also sets the stage for future developments in subsea energy storage technology.
The research bridges the gap between the industrial know-how, and the academic know-why, evidenced by the collaboration between the University of Stavanger and Subsea7. Only by addressing the gaps will the outcome be a successful product.
Several areas for future research and development are identified, including the design of detailed system architectures for SPHS, Life Cycle Assessments (LCA) to evaluate environmental impacts, and the engineering, procurement, construction, and installation (EPCI) aspects of SPHS units.
The thesis offers significant contributions to the field, including a general model for analysing SPHS systems, insights into the output profiles of wind turbines in relation to energy storage, and a foundation for the development of subsea hydropower turbines. These contributions not only advance the academic discourse on renewable energy storage solutions but also provide practical pathways for industry application and environmental sustainability
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Development of Real-Time Smart Data Analytic Tools for Monitoring and Optimum Operation of MGT Systems
No full textIn the evolving energy landscape, a shift away from traditional centralized power models is underway. Distributed energy generation (DEG) takes the spotlight, enabling consumers to utilize a tailored mix of energy sources. Micro gas turbines (MGTs) emerge as key players, providing dispatchable power to seamlessly address renewable source intermittency. Aligned with global energy policies emphasizing renewables and efficiency, MGTs contribute significantly to sustainability goals.
This study aims to actively advance power generation technology towards higher efficiency and environmental responsibility, supporting the vision for a cleaner and more resilient energy future. The focus centers on enhancing the fuel versatility of MGTs and optimizing their integration within distributed energy systems. Aligned with the visionary goals of the NextMGT project, this endeavor focuses on advancing MGT technology for high efficiency, low emissions, and enhanced fuel flexibility.
The journey begins with an exploration into optimizing an MGT for efficient hydrogen operation — a clean fuel and potential storage solution for surplus renewable power. Despite substantial progress in the laboratory and theoretical realms, the research spotlights a critical gap: the absence of reported operational instances of MGTs running with hydrogen. This underscores the imperative to bridge the divide between theoretical prowess and real-world applications, a recurring theme in the thesis. Concurrently, the research navigates the intricate integration of MGTs into DEG, particularly those fueled by hydrogen. Addressing the challenges of integration and optimization with renewable systems, artificial intelligence (AI) based on real-world data is employed to enhance microgrid performance.
Undertaking the mission to create a functional hydrogen-fueled MGT, the research confronts challenges such as combustion stability and emissions control. Through targeted modifications in combustor design and operational adjustments, the thesis emphasizes real-world testing, highlighting the crucial need for practical implementations. Notably, the outcome is an MGT demonstrating fuel flexibility with various methane and hydrogen combinations, capable of running on pure hydrogen, all while maintaining NOx emissions below the permitted values.
A significant step in the research narrative involves adopting a dual-modeling approach—utilizing both physics-based and datadriven models. The physics-based models, also known as whitebox models, rooted in physics for theoretical understanding, exhibit adaptability to diverse operational scenarios, aligning with steady-state and transient responses. This model plays a crucial role during the developmental phase of the MGT for hydrogen and hydrogen-blended methane, assessing its operation in different scenarios.
In addressing the integration of MGT within a microgrid, a datadriven or black-box modeling approach is employed. These blackbox models, driven by empirical data, incorporating artificial neural networks (ANNs) and recurrent neural networks (CNNs), emerge as a robust framework for MGT modeling. The versatility of the method extends beyond MGTs, laying the groundwork for advancements in various renewable energy contexts.
In a dedicated chapter, the study delves into microgrid integration and optimization. Here, a smart management system coordinates interactions among wind turbines, an MGT, and an electrolyzer. The optimizer navigates the complex terrain of economic gains and environmental sustainability. The findings emphasize the practical application of a smart management system in optimizing microgrid operations for economic efficiency, demonstrating the relevance of the research insights.
In response to Norway’s imperative to curtail emissions from offshore oil and gas operations, the research broadens its focus to optimize gas turbine operations within integrated systems. The research demonstrates adaptability by transitioning from onshore microgrids with MGTs to offshore scenarios with larger gas turbines, highlighting the transformative and generalizable capacity of methodologies and insights. The optimization of offshore microgrids results in considerable cost and emission reductions. The hybrid optimization approach, efficiently utilizing genetic algorithms alongside rapid database searches, enhances efficiency without an excessive demand for computing resources.
Throughout this project, the strategic adoption of an infrastructural approach has been pivotal in the development of all models and programs. This deliberate choice ensured the effectiveness of transformative insights and a seamless adaptability and expandability of the work. Integrating hydrogen-fueled MGTs with advanced AI management tools moves beyond theory; it represents a practical step toward achieving sustainable development goals. From onshore microgrids to offshore scenarios, the research illustrates a commitment to real-world applications. Its impact extends beyond theoretical contributions, actively shaping a more sustainable, resilient, and eco-friendly energy future. Additionally, by identifying areas for future research, this thesis lays the foundation for ongoing advancements in sustainable energy solutions
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
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