1,720,987 research outputs found
Disturbi Mentali in Medicina Transculturale
No full textIl capitolo descrive le problematiche psichiche di più frequente riscontro tra i migranti e la loro gestione. La trattazione dei problemi psichici tra i migranti è motivato da almeno tre ragioni: 1) la cura del paziente migrante richiede particolari competenze relazionali, dato che la comunicazione medico-paziente presenta importanti ostacoli e difficoltà; 2) i migranti non sono una categoria diagnostica psichiatrica, tuttavia presentano con frequenza più elevata rispetto alla popolazione nativa alcuni problemi di salute psicofisica; 3) tali problemi richiedono interventi medici e psicosociali specifici, che, sebbene sempre meglio descritti dalla letteratura internazionale, sono ancora carenti in Italia.
I disturbi psichici vanno considerati nel più ampio contesto dei problemi sanitari dei migranti. Questi pazienti sono infatti colpiti da malattie da fragilità sociale (patologie odontostomatologiche, respiratorie, ginecologiche, dermatologiche), collegate allo scadente status socio-economico ed al basso livello di integrazione sociale.
Inoltre, a fronte di un rapido crescere della popolazione immigrata in Italia, l’acceso alle cure primarie è ancora inadeguato con un eccesso di ricoveri e di interventi in regime di urgenza, costosi e al tempo stesso scarsamente efficaci. A fronte di un insufficiente utilizzo dei servizi territoriali, il pronto soccorso diventa la via di accesso alle cure privilegiata ma tardiva, solo nel momento in cui la patologia non è più controllabile. Risultano infatti a carico dei migranti il 16% dei ricoveri pur rappresentando essi a livello nazionale il 5% della popolazione regolarmente residente.
Il grado di accessibilità e fruibilità dei servizi sanitari rappresenta una questione cruciale per la salute del migrante, dipendendo la prima prevalentemente dalla normativa, la seconda dalla capacità “culturale” dei servizi di adeguare le risposte alle necessità dei nuovi utenti. Le Aziende USL hanno istituito programmi specifici, con l’intento di coordinare l’attività dei servizi pubblici con i diversi centri di volontariato e di offrire servizi ed interventi appropriati. In alcuni Servizi di salute mentale sono stati attivati ambulatori dedicati che si avvalgono di psichiatri con competenze transculturali e che collaborano con mediatori culturali e Servizi sociali del Comune. In bibliografia sono riportati una serie di “indirizzi utili” a questo proposito.
Un ruolo fondamentale è detenuto dagli interventi di facilitazione di accesso alle cure e di potenziamento delle capacità di diagnosi e cura dei disturbi psicofisici dei migranti in medicina generale. Gli esperti internazionali suggeriscono di promuovere in medicina generale lo sviluppo di abilità diagnostiche, relazionali e gestionali del paziente proveniente da altre culture, attraverso campagne educative mirate e la strutturazione di una collaborazione stretta con i servizi territoriali di salute mentale
Cross-cultural consumer valuation of precision fermentation milk: Effects of information, individual traits, and labelling preferences
No full textThe adoption of alternative protein sources, including precision fermentation (PF) milk, emerges as a key strategy for sustainably nourishing a growing population, offering a viable alternative to conventional dairy production. This study investigates how different information framing, on animal welfare, health, and environmental benefits, affects consumer willingness-to-pay (WTP) for PF milk in Denmark (DK), Italy (IT), the United Kingdom (UK), and the United States (US). Using a choice experiment (CE) that examined milk products varying on several attributes, namely type of milk technology, animal welfare information, protein type, Carbon Trust label, and price, we found that consumers generally exhibited reluctance towards PF milk. This reluctance varied by country, the type of benefits provided, and consumer traits. Additionally, latent class analysis identified three consistent consumer segments across all countries, strong traditionalists with strong preferences for conventional cow milk, light traditionalists open to alternatives but price-sensitive, and a third group with inconsistent (random) choices, highlighting both commonalities and cross-country differences in responses to PF milk. Consumer preferences for policy labelling of PF dairy products vary by country, with the US and Italy exhibiting a higher preference for these new products labelled similarly to conventional dairy products. These findings offer valuable directions for effectively communicating the benefits of PF milk products across different cultural contexts. They highlight key marketing strategies for differentiation and competition in a market crowded with conventional dairy and plant-based options. Finally, they underscore important strategic and policy implications for future labelling and regulations of PF milk
Young consumers’ preferences for water-saving wines: An experimental study
No full textFreshwater scarcity is becoming one of the most pressing issues of the global environmental sustainability, and agriculture is the main responsible of that scarcity. During the last decade, there has been an increasing consumers’ environmental concern about the impact of food production on water usage. This paper investigates young consumers’ preferences towards water saving wines and the determinants of willingness to pay (WTP) for these products. Data were collected through an experimental auction mechanism in Italy by assessing young consumers’ willingness to pay for three different wines (i.e. conventional-no water saving label, water saving front-of-pack labelled and water saving back-of-pack labelled). Young consumers’ (N = 200) characteristics related to their personal values, pro-environmental attitudes, wine habits, labeling attitudes and socio-demographics were also collected. Results reveal that on average young consumers are willing to pay higher prices for water saving labeled wines. Additionally, wine consumption frequency, label trust and use as well as consumers’ environmental-friendly attitude have a positive effect on willingness to pay for these wines. The current study offers valuable insights to policy makers and wine producers for product differentiation and for more efficiently targeting campaigns towards young consumers, in order to increase sustainability-labeled wine consumption
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
