3,331 research outputs found
Introduction - Enclosures and discontents: primitive accumulation and resistance under globalised capital
No full textBook synopsis: The contributions in this volume all revisit and reformulate Marx’s concept of primitive accumulation from diverse empirical contexts in the present global age. The chapters present research drawn from Gaza, Syria, Greece, the Philippines, DR Congo, and the Yucatan; global locations that have in common the ongoing, varied, and often repetitive occurrence of dispossession forced by violent conflict, crisis and austerity politics, and corporate expansion. Each chapter also examines changing forms of resistance from across the political spectrum; responses which in themselves serve to demonstrate the deeply embedded, historically specific, class, race and gendered relations implicit in contemporary capitalist expansion. This collection of original work also pushes us to reconsider the old distinct mappings of urban and rural by comparing dispossession and resistance to it inside and outside of the city and within sites which call for a reconstituted understanding of ‘the urban’. Overall, the scholars included use rich and detailed research to variously correct and adjust Marx from their sites of study and through engagements with theoretical reformulations ranging from modernity/coloniality, through to autonomous Marxism. The chapters originally published as a special issue in City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action
Introduction - Enclosures and discontents: Primitive accumulation and resistance under globalised capital
Get PDFBook synopsis: The contributions in this volume all revisit and reformulate Marx’s concept of primitive accumulation from diverse empirical contexts in the present global age. The chapters present research drawn from Gaza, Syria, Greece, the Philippines, DR Congo, and the Yucatan; global locations that have in common the ongoing, varied, and often repetitive occurrence of dispossession forced by violent conflict, crisis and austerity politics, and corporate expansion. Each chapter also examines changing forms of resistance from across the political spectrum; responses which in themselves serve to demonstrate the deeply embedded, historically specific, class, race and gendered relations implicit in contemporary capitalist expansion. This collection of original work also pushes us to reconsider the old distinct mappings of urban and rural by comparing dispossession and resistance to it inside and outside of the city and within sites which call for a reconstituted understanding of ‘the urban’. Overall, the scholars included use rich and detailed research to variously correct and adjust Marx from their sites of study and through engagements with theoretical reformulations ranging from modernity/coloniality, through to autonomous Marxism. The chapters originally published as a special issue in City: Analysis of Urban Trends, Culture, Theory, Policy, Action
Biocatalytic route to C-3?-azido/-hydroxy-C-4?-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides
Get PDFThe lipase, Novozyme®-435, exclusively deacetylates the 5-O-acetyl over 4-C-acetyloxymethyl group of almost identical reactivity in 5-O-acetyl-4-C-acetyloxymethyl-3-azido-3-deoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-D-ribofuranose that led to the development of first and efficient synthesis of 3?-azido-/3?-amino-C-4?-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides T, U, C and A in 20–24% overall yields. The X-ray study on the compound obtained by tosylation of lipase-mediated monodeacetylated product unambiguously confirmed the point of diastereoselective monodeacetylation on diacetoxy-azido-ribofuranose derivative. The capability of Novozyme®-435 for selective deacylation of 5-O-acetyl group in 5-O-acetyl-4-C-acetyloxymethyl-3-O-benzyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene-?-D-ribofuranose recently discovered by us has been successfully used for the synthesis of C-4?-spiro-oxetanoribonucleosides A and C in good yields. These results clearly indicate that the broader substrate specificity and highly selective capability of Novozyme®-435 for carrying out acetylation/deacetylation reactions can be utilized for the development of environment friendly selective methodologies in organic synthesis
Bibliographics for the 983 eprints in the live archives of E-LIS : trends and status report up to 7th July 2004, based on author-self-archiving metadata
Get PDFThe priority for ideas and philosophy related to "Network Theory" have been traced back and documented by Braun(2004),and credit goes to Karinthy(1929).The IT has empowered to realise it, as the most practical phenomena and it is no more a humour. The OAI (Open Archives Initiatives)and ACIS (Academic Contributor Information System)are progressive in the direction ,which may lead to realise the "Collective Genius" at global level. Focus of present study is on Author-Self-Archiving (A-S-A)Metadata of the 983 Eprints in the Live Archives of the E-LIS (EPrints of Library and Information Science),which were approved till 7th July 2004.The A-S-A Metadata was used for librametric analysis. Self-explanatory bibliographics are illustrated.The highlights include: Conference papers (34%); highest approval, June 2004 (28%); published archives (76%);not refereed (52%); not in public domain (60%); highest self-archiving-author (De Robbio, Antonella).The Nos. of EPrints having single JITA domain specifications were: Theoretical and general aspects of libraries and information(27); Information use and sociology of information(80);Users,literacy and reading(13);Libraries as physical collections(30);Publishing and legal issues(57);Management(13);Industry, profession and education(36);Information sources, supports, channels(113) ; Information treatment for information services, Information functions and techniques (101); Technical services libraries, archives and museums(25); Housing technologies(1); Information technology and library technology(92); and Inter-domainery (395) i.e. having specifications of two or more than two JITA classes
Coefficients bounds on a certain class of multivalent analytic functions / Laxmipriya Parida and Ashok Kumar Sahoo
Get PDFIn the present work a sub-class Rbp,n (a1,c1,S,T) of f∈Ap(n) is defined by using a linear operator Lp (a1,c1) and obtained sufficient condition in terms of the coefficients of f∈Ap(n) to be a member of this class. Furthermore, the Fekete-Szego problem is completely solved and found that the functional |ap+3ap+1-a2p+2 | is bounded. Finally, the sharpness of the associated estimates is also studied
Effect of Fertigation on Banana Biometric Characteristics and Fertilizer Use Efficiency Ashok Kumar
No full textStudy was conducted at the Horticultural Experimental Farm, Birauli, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa durlng 1998-1999 to find out effect of the different doses of fertilizer under fertigation on phenological characteristics such as plant height, plant girth, root development; on fruiting time and bunch charactenstics as well as saving in fertilizer. The obtained results revealed that, treatment T1 with 100% of recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), NPK under drip fertigation gave highest values of plant height, plant girth and average number of leaves followed by treatment T2 with 80 % of RDF. Also, this treatment caused earlier bunch shooting. bunch harvesting as well as fruiting time. The highest bunch weight. number of hands1 bunch and number of fingerslbunch with best finger quality (weight, length and diameter) were recorded In T1. Lower values were obtained in treatment with T3 with 60% RDF in drip irrigated treamnent and T4 with 100% of RDF under traditional method of fertilizer application. Maximum yield of banana was obtained in treatment TI (95.2 t.ha.\u27) followed by T, (87.6 t-ha-\u27), T, (76.4 t.ha-\u27) and T, (73.1 t.ha-I). The treatment TI and T, gave 24.5% and 14.6% more yield. respectively in comparison to control treatment. The result indicated that application of only 65% of RDF can give the yield at par with conventional cultivation. The water and fertilizer use efficiency was about 25% higher for drip fertigated plot in comparison to check basin method of irrigation and fertilizer application through soil manipulation method
Transformationspotential von NPM-ALK, p21SNFT und Tax in Reifen T Lymphozyten
No full textTo date it is not clear at which stage of differentiation mature T cell leukaemia/lymphoma is initiated. Previous studies in our group showed that mature T cells are relatively resistant to transformation. We wanted to further investigate the transformation potential of NPM-ALK, p21SNFT and the viral oncoprotein Tax on mature T cells. First, we analyzed the effects on T cell growth in vitro after transducing human T cell lines with gammaretroviral vectors encoding these genes. No growth or proliferation promoting effect of all three genes was observed. In the second part of the project, we transduced murine, mature T cells and/or haematopoietic stem cells (HPCs/HSCs) and transplanted these cells into Rag-1 deficient recipients. All mice transplanted with NPM-ALK transduced monoclonal mature T cells (OT-1) developed leukaemia/lymphoma. In contrast, only few NPM-ALK transduced polyclonal T cell and HPC/HSC transplanted mice developed leukaemia/lymphoma. From the p21SNFT group, only two mice transplanted with transduced OT-1 T cells developed leukaemia/lymphoma, which showed high eGFP and interestingly CD19 expression. No malignancies were observed in Tax transplanted animals so far. Furthermore, the recipients do not show any eGFP marking in the periphery. In conclusion, our results show that compared to polyclonal T cells, monoclonal T cells are transformable after gammaretroviral transfer of NPM-ALK and p21SNFT.Bislang ist nicht bekannt, in welchem Differenzierungsstadium reife T- Zell-Leukämien/Lymphome initiert werden. Frühere Studien in unserer Gruppe haben eine Resistenz reifer TZellen gegenüber der Transformation gezeigt. Nun sollte das transformierende Potential von NPM-ALK, p21SNFT und des viralen Onkoproteins Tax in reifen T- Zellen weiter untersucht werden. Zunächst wurden die Effekte der drei Proteine auf das Zellwachstum in vitro untersucht, indem humane T- Zelllinien mit gammaretroviralen Vektoren, die diese Gene kodierten, transduziert wurden. Für alle drei Gene konnte kein proliferationsfördernder Effekt beobachtet werden. Im zweiten Teil des Projekts wurden murine reife T- Zellen oder hämatopoetische Stammzellen ( HPCs/ HSCs) mit diesen Vektoren transduziert und in Rag-1 knockout Mäuse transplantiert. Alle Mäuse, die mit NPM-ALK transduzierten monoklonalen reifen T- Zellen (OT-1) transplantiert wurden, entwickelten Leukämien/ Lymphome. Im Gegensatz dazu entwickelten nur wenige der mit NPM-ALK transduzierten polyklonalen TZellen oder HPCs/ HSCs transplantierten Tiere Leukämien/ Lymphome. In der p21SNFT Gruppe zeigten nur zwei der Mäuse, die mit transduzierten OT-1 T- Zellen transplantiert wurden, Leukämien/ Lymphome. Diese exprimierten eGFP in hohem Maße und interessanterweise auch CD19. Für alle Tax transplantierten Tiere konnten bislang keine Leukämien/ Lymphome beobachtet werden. Das weiteren zeigten diese Tiere keine eGFP Expression im peripheren Blut. Zusammenfassend zeigen diese Resultate, dass monoklonale T- Zellen verglichen mit polyklonalen T- Zellen nach gammaretroviralem Transfer von NPM-ALK oder p21SNFT leichter transformierbar sind
Sweeping has no effect on renormalized turbulent viscosity
No full textWe perform renormalization group analysis (RG) of the Navier-Stokes equation in the presence of constant mean velocity field , and show that the renormalized viscosity is unaffected by , thus negating the ``sweeping effect", proposed by Kraichnan [Phys. Fluids {\bf 7}, 1723 (1964)] using random Galilean invariance. Using direct numerical simulation, we show that the correlation functions for and differ from each other, but the renormalized viscosity for the two cases are the same. Our numerical results are consistent with the RG calculations
Malignant transformation of mature T cells after gammaretrovirus mediated transfer of nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase oncogene
No full textBackground: Gene therapy has been in use to cure hereditary and acquired diseases by incorporating the desired gene into the cells with the help of gammaretroviral vectors. Despite the success of this therapy in X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome, few patients developed leukemia as a major adverse event due to retroviral insertional mutagenesis within stem cells. In experimental animals also, retroviral-mediated gene transfer technique resulted in the development of leukemia. On the other hand, evidence suggests that mature T cells (TC) are relatively resistant to transformation even after retroviral-mediated transfer of potent oncogenes Tcl1, ΔTrkA and LMO2 with no reported side effects yet. Aims: To further address the safety issue for TC use in gene therapy, this study investigated susceptibility of mature polyclonal TC to malignant transformation by the retroviral-mediated transfer of nucleophosmin-anaplastic lymphoma kinase (NPM-ALK) oncogene. Materials and Methods: Wild-type mature TC, isolated from C57BL/6 donor mice (genetic background Ly5.1) were transduced with gamma-retroviral vectors encoding the potent TC oncogene NPM-ALK or the control vector enhanced green fluorescent protein eGFP. The cells were then transplanted into RAG-1 deficient recipient mice (genetic background Ly5.2). Results: Two out of five mice from NPM-ALK oncogene group developed leukemia/lymphoma after latency periods (153 and 250 days, respectively). None of the mice from the control group developed any malignancy throughout the observational period. Conclusion: Mature polyclonal TC are relatively susceptible to malignant transformation after gamma-retroviral mediated transfer of NPM-ALK oncogene; hence safety of TC use in gene therapy should be further investigated to avoid the possible side-effect of development of leukemia/lymphoma
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