1,389 research outputs found
Samuel Beckett and the Writers of Port-Royal
No full textIt has been observed that ‘the literary influences on Beckett have been far more important than has been acknowledged, and more important indeed, than the philosophical influences’ (Smith 2002: 3). The truth of this statement is evidenced by the description that scholars have given of Samuel Beckett’s relationship to seventeenth century French classicism. To date, critical interest has been limited for the most part to the figure of the philosopher René Descartes on the (fragile) grounds that Beckett was exclusively concerned with the Cartesian imperative of clarity and order, the fundamental dualism between body and mind, and Nominalism.
Together with the assumption that Beckett’s vision was essentially Cartesian, his literary filiation with Pascal was suggested by critics, but only in terms of Beckett’s formal approach to the theatre. In his short article on En attendant Godot in 1953, the playwright Jean Anouilh was among the first reviewers to suggest that Beckett’s drama synthesizes the encounter between ‘classicism’ and a ‘modern’ form of art. It is well known that Beckett retained a lifelong admiration for Pascal – indeed, Pascal was one of his ‘old chestnuts’ (Knowlson 1997: 653). Little attention has been paid, however, to the originality of Pascal’s thought, the specific nature of his prose, and the impact these might have had upon Beckett’s mature work, especially the trilogy and the subsequent short prose. Yet, in the literary and philosophical context of post-war France, Beckett’s filiation with Pascal, their corresponding preoccupations, were evident to his contemporaries, who identified Pascal as an underlying presence in his works
Usability and acceptability of a website that provides tailored advice on falls prevention activities for older people
No full textThis article presents the usability and acceptability of a website that provides older people with tailored advice to help motivate them to undertake physical activities that prevent falls. Views on the website from interviews with 16 older people and 26 sheltered housing wardens were analysed thematically. The website was well received with only one usability difficulty with the action plan calendar. The older people selected balance training activities out of interest or enjoyment, and appeared to carefully add them into their current routine. The wardens were motivated to promote the website to their residents, particularly those who owned a computer, had balance problems, or were physically active. However, the participants noted that currently a minority of older people use the Internet. Also, some older people underestimated how much activity was enough to improve balance, and others perceived themselves as too old for the activities
Luminotecnia y teatralidad: Samuel Beckett, Comédie
No full textThe author of this article examines the illumination techniques in Samuel Beckett\u27s Comedie.
El autor analiza en pormenor las técnicas de iluminación en la obra de Samuel Beckett Comedie
Michal, contradicting values : understanding the moral dilemma faced by Saul's daughter
No full textValue conflicts due to cultural differences are an increasingly pressing issue in many societies. Because Old Testament texts hail from a very different milieu to our own they may provide new perspectives upon contemporary conflicts and, in this context, the present dissertation investigates one particular value clash in 1 Samuel.
Studies of Old Testament ethics have attended to narrative only relatively recently. Although social-scientific interpretation has a longer pedigree, there are important debates about how to employ the fruits of anthropology in biblical studies. The first part of this thesis, therefore, attends to methodological issues, advancing four main propositions. First, attention should be paid to the moral goods that feature in the text. Second, the family, a central feature of Old Testament morality, should be understood as a set of practices rather than an institution. Third, 'models' of social action that purport to comprehend the social world of the Bible should be used only cautiously. Finally, a modified version of Bakhtin's theory of heteroglossic voices can help readers appreciate how authors present a moral vision by approving some characters' actions whilst undermining others.
The second part of the thesis employs this methodology to examine 1 Samuel 19.10-18a. The discussion of the moral dilemma facing Michal adduces anthropological theories and ethnographic data concerning violence, lying, and the relationship between fathers and daughters. Given that the conflicts of moral goods are 'resolved' by characters choosing to act in a certain way, the dissertation enquires after the author's assessment of each character's moral choices, and hence their theological import. The dissertation argues that Michal's loyalty to David and deception of Saul was counter-cultural, and by approving of her choice the author affirms the importance of loyalty to the Davidic dynasty
Anita Brenner en la fotografía mexicana y su expedición etnográfica a Guerrero. Antropología. Boletín Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia: Arte y antropología. Num. 71 Nueva Época (2003) julio-septiembre
No full textBrenner, Anita; Idols behind the altars, New York, Payson & Clarke, Ltd., 1929.———; Ídolos tras los altares, México, Domés, 1983.———; The Wind that Swept Mexico, Austin, University of Texas Press, 1943.———; (pról. de Susana Joel Glusker Brenner), Guerrero (Imágenes de ayer), Chilpancingo, Gro., Sedue/Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, 1983.———; La revolución en blanco y negro (La historia de la Revolución Mexicana entre 1910 y 1942), México, FCE, 1985.Conger, Amy, “El impacto de México en la visión de Edward Weston”, en Edward Weston. La mirada de la ruptura, México, Conaculta/INBA/Museo Estudio Diego Rivera/Centro de la Imagen, 1994, pp. 33-52.Debroise, Olivier, Fuga mexicana (Un recorrido por la fotografía en México), México, Conaculta, 1998.De los Reyes, Aurelio, Manuel Gamio y el cine, México, UNAM, 1991.EDUCAL, “Asilo de Trotsky” (Página de Internet).Glusker Joel, Susana, Anita Brenner (A Mind of Her Own), Austin, University of Texas Press, 1998.Gutiérrez Ruvalcaba, Ignacio y Teresa Rojas Rabiela, El mundo indígena, Iconografía de la luz (Colección de 3 CD. Fototeca Nacho López), México, INI 2002.Hernández Espejo, Octavio, “La representación visual del rito. El uso de los registros visuales en la investigación antropológica” (Borrador de tesis para Maestría en Antropología Social), México, 2002.Iturriaga, José N., “Prólogo”, en Spratling, William, México tras lomita, México, Diana, 1991, pp. 15-110.Jiménez Padilla, Blanca M. y Samuel L. Villela F., “La mirada etnofotográfica de Barbro Dahlgren”, en Diario de Campo, México, INAH, núm. 46, agosto de 2002.Jones, Kerstin, Anita Brenner, Universidad de Arizona (Página de Internet).Leighton, George R., “Historia fotográfica de la Revolución Mexicana”, en La revolución en blanco y negro (La historia de la Revolución Mexicana entre 1910 y 1942), México, FCE, 1985, pp. 287-291.Mraz, John, “La fotografía histórica: particularidad y nostalgia”, en Nexos, núm. 19, México, julio de 1985, pp. 37-49.———; “Una historiografía crítica de la historia gráfica”, en Cuicuilco, nueva época, vol. 5, núm. 13, México, ENAH, mayo-agosto de 1998, pp. 77-92.Newhall, Beaumont, Historia de la fotografía, Barcelona, Gustavo Gili, 1983.Pérez Montfort, Ricardo, Las invenciones del México indio. Nacionalismo y cultura en México 1920-1940, Red de Investigadores Latinoamericanos por la Democracia y la Autonomía de los Pueblos (Internet), mayo de 2003.Rodríguez, José Antonio, “Vamos a México”, en Alquimia, año 2, núm. 5, México, INAH, 1999, pp. 32-38.———; Textos y ensayos (Página de Internet), s/f.Spratling, William, México tras lomita (prólogo de José N. Iturriaga), México, Diana, 1991.Villela Flores, Samuel L., “Los Lupercio, fotógrafos jaliscienses”, en Antropología. Boletín Oficial del INAH, núm. 48, México, INAH, octubre-diciembre de 1997, pp. 3-9.———; “Fotógrafos viajeros y la antropología mexicana”, en Cuicuilco, nueva época, vol. 5, núm. 13, México, ENAH, mayo-agosto de 1998, pp. 105-122.———; “Entre el tequio y la costumbre. Panorámica de la investigación etnológica en Guerrero”, en Foro La investigación antropológica e histórica en Guerrero, septiembre de 2002, Taxco, Gro., Coordinación Nacional de Antropología- INAH
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Traces of Beckett : gestures of emptiness and impotence in the theater of Koltès, Kane, de la Parra and Durang
No full texttextThis dissertation examines Samuel Beckett's powerful legacy and influence on contemporary theater (on plays written and produced since 1980), and it defines this influence in both text and performance as gestures of emptiness and impotence. The plays selected for analysis here have been categorized at times as belonging to a tradition and legacy of the so-called "Theater of the Absurd," but, finding this category to be at once too restrictive and too loose, their relationship to the absurd is defined by their explicit use of and inspiration taken from Beckett's theater. Beckett's intentional and innovative use of emptiness and impotence, both spatially and textually, is decisively paradoxical: while emphasizing blank spaces and powerlessness, his plays find meaning in emptiness and unexpected control in what he called the "exploitation of impotence." In each of the plays analyzed in this dissertation, (Dans la solitude des champs de coton, Koltès; La secreta obscenidad de cada día, de la Parra; Blasted, Kane; and Laughing Wild, Durang), the explicit use of both emptiness and powerlessness are examined, and at the same time, I define what it is about each of these gestures that renders them particularly Beckettian as they relate to these works. In all of the plays examined here, gestures of emptiness and impotence become their opposites: significance and power. Four of Samuel Beckett's plays (Fragment de théâtre I, En attendant Godot, Fin de partie, and Happy Days) are compared and contrasted with the work of Koltès, de la Parra, Kane and Durang respectively. The parallels revealed, made both intentionally and unintentionally by their playwrights, demonstrate not only the certainty of Beckett's continued influence, but also reflect his persistent, widespread impact. What is shown, with broader implications for future study, is that Beckett's use of emptiness and impotence as theatrical, literary and artistic gestures have led to a new kind of hopefulness, and a new kind of artistic inspiration that is unique to our time.Comparative Literatur
La censura del teatro de Samuel Beckett en España (1955-1978)
No full textJosé Francisco Fernández, editor. -- (Literatura; 97)Direcciones de correo electrónico de las autoras: Olaia Andaluz-Pinedo ([email protected]); Raquel Merino-Álvarez ([email protected])[ES] Desde 1955, año en que se estrena Esperando a Godot en Madrid, las obras teatrales de Samuel Beckett se han representado de forma constante en España. Esta contribución tratará de reconstruir la entrada e integración de las producciones de este autor durante el franquismo. Para ello, hemos recurrido al Archivo General de la Administración (AGA), una valiosa fuente documental para entender la historia del teatro traducido durante un periodo en que existía la censura obligatoria para las representaciones. Entre 1955 y 1978, fecha del fin de la censura oficial, se han localizado 41 expedientes de censura para piezas dramáticas de Beckett. Los títulos a los que se refieren dichos expedientes, siguiendo el orden cronológico de las solicitudes de representación, son Esperando a Godot (1955), Final de partida (1958), Acto sin palabras (1959), La última cinta (1959), Días Felices (1963), Beckett 66 (Eh Joe, Come & Go, Words) (1966), Comedia (1969) y Poemas de Samuel Beckett (1969). Por otra parte, algunos expedientes están relacionados con producciones basadas en fragmentos de obras de Beckett: Qué prefiere usted pasión o desolación (1970), Requiebros oníricos o históricos sobre la metafísica Beckettiana (1971) y Obra inacabada (1973). La consulta en profundidad de las abundantes evidencias documentales archivadas en los expedientes arrojará luz sobre la llegada de las obras (traducidas) de Beckett a los escenarios españoles durante más de veinte años.[EN] Since 1955, the year of Waiting for Godot’s premier in Madrid, Samuel Beckett’s plays have had a constant presence on Spanish stages. This chapter attempts to reconstruct the entrance and integration of theatre productions of this author during Francoism. For that purpose, we have consulted the AGA (Spanish censorship archives), a valuable documentary resource to understand history of translated theatre during a period when there was compulsory censorship for theatre performances. Between 1955 and 1978, when official censorship ended, 41 censorship records related to Beckett’s dramatic works were found. The titles that those records refer to are, in chronological order of applications to stage them, Waiting for Godot (1955), Endgame (1958), Act Without Words (1959), Krapp’s Last Tape (1959), Happy Days (1963), Beckett 66 (Eh Joe, Come and Go, Words) (1966), Play (1969) and Poemas de Samuel Beckett (poems) (1969). Other records are associated to productions based on fragments of Beckett’s works: Qué prefiere usted pasión o desolación (1970), Requiebros oníricos o históricos sobre la metafísica Beckettiana (1971) y Obra inacabada (1973). An in-depth study of the rich documentation filed in the censorship records will shed light on the introduction of Beckett’s (translated) plays to Spanish audiences for over twenty years.Las autoras desearían agradecer la ayuda prestada para la realización de este trabajo a Grupo TRALIMA/ITZULIK, GIU 16/48, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, IT1209/19, Gobierno Vasco (http://www.ehu.eus/tralima/, https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/3443); PIF17/46, UPV/EHU. Proyecto IDENTITRA, MINECO FFI2015-68572-P. Red de Excelencia CorpusNet, MINECO, FFI2016-81934- RED
Microbial light-activatable proton pumps as neuronal inhibitors to functionally dissect neuronal networks in C. elegans
No full textEssentially any behavior in simple and complex animals depends on neuronal network function. Currently, the best-defined system to study neuronal circuits is the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, as the connectivity of its 302 neurons is exactly known. Individual neurons can be activated by photostimulation of Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) using blue light, allowing to directly probe the importance of a particular neuron for the respective behavioral output of the network under study. In analogy, other excitable cells can be inhibited by expressing Halorhodopsin from Natronomonas pharaonis (NpHR) and subsequent illumination with yellow light. However, inhibiting C. elegans neurons using NpHR is difficult. Recently, proton pumps from various sources were established as valuable alternative hyperpolarizers. Here we show that archaerhodopsin-3 (Arch) from Halorubrum sodomense and a proton pump from the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans (Mac) can be utilized to effectively inhibit excitable cells in C. elegans. Arch is the most powerful hyperpolarizer when illuminated with yellow or green light while the action spectrum of Mac is more blue-shifted, as analyzed by light-evoked behaviors and electrophysiology. This allows these tools to be combined in various ways with ChR2 to analyze different subsets of neurons within a circuit. We exemplify this by means of the polymodal aversive sensory ASH neurons, and the downstream command interneurons to which ASH neurons signal to trigger a reversal followed by a directional turn. Photostimulating ASH and subsequently inhibiting command interneurons using two-color illumination of different body segments, allows investigating temporal aspects of signaling downstream of ASH
La lectura política de la Biblia y una aplicación a Thomas Hobbes y su interpretación del Libro de Samuel
No full textThe article is an introduction to the political reading of the Bible. Jewish federalism is shown as the paradigm of modern contractualism. The author refers to the right interpretation of the Bible onthe basis of the works of Daniel J. Elazar, Max Kadushin y Eric Voegelin. At the end, as an example, the author critizes Hobbes’s interpretation of the Books of Samuel, which is controversial for not taking into account essential aspects of Biblical hermeneutics.El artículo es una introducción a la lectura política de la Biblia. Se destaca que el federalismo judío es el paradigma del contractualismo moderno. El autor se refiere a la interpretación correcta de la Biblia sobre la base de la obras de Daniel J. Elazar, Max Kadushin y Eric Voegelin. Al final, como un ejemplo, el autor realiza una crítica a la interpretación de Thomas Hobbes del Libro de Samuel, que es controversial por no tomar en cuenta aspectos esenciales de la hermenéutica bíblica
The 'true use of reading' : Sarah Fielding and mid eighteenth-century literary strategies.
No full textPhDThe aim of this thesis is to explore, by examining her life and
works, how Sarah Fielding (1710-68) established her identity as an author.
The definition of her role involves her notions of the functions of
writing and reading.
Sarah Fielding attempts to invite readers to form a sense of ties
by tacit understanding of her messages. As she believes that a work
of literature is produced through collaboration between the writer and
the reader, it is an important task in her view to show her attentiveness
toward reading practice. In her consideration of reading, she has two
distinct, even opposite views of her audience: on the one hand a familiar
and limited circle of readers with shared moral and cultural values and
on the other potential readers among the unknown mass of people. The
dual targets direct her to devise various strategies. She tries to
appeal to those who can endorse and appreciate her moral values as well
as her learning. Her writings and letters testify that she is sensitive
to the demands of the literary market, trying to lead the taste of readers
by inventing new forms.
The thesis opens with an overview of Sarah Fielding's career,
followed by a consideration of her critical attention to the roles of
reading. I go on to examine the narrative structures and strategies
she deploys, with a particular emphasis on her use of the epistolary
method. The following chapter deals with her attention to the reading
of the moral message tangibly embodied in her educational writing. It
is followed by an analysis of the activity which earned her a reputation
as a learned woman. Various as the forms of her works are, they invariably
reflect her attempt to balance herself between the two demands of
inventiveness and familiarity
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