1,721,228 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evaluation of the Adaptive Project Frameworks ability to manage fuzziness.
Full text linkThe field of project management is more complex than ever due to an accelerating development in technology, competitive climate, rapid-changing customer wants, needs and internationalization. As technology and customer wants are continually changing, new business opportunities opens which firms try identifying and take advantage of. Some of these opportunities result in projects of a more innovative nature, associated with higher uncertainty and risk. These factors along with others have contributed to that the field of project management must manage an increasing degree of fuzziness. It would be fair to state that it is affecting the risk picture. As such there are high demands for project managers to manage fuzziness. Studies and experience have shown that companies struggle to manage projects associated with higher level of fuzziness. Too many project fail or do not meet their requirements, resulting in loss of billions of dollars every year. As a result, new methods and tools are continuously researched and developed.
Traditional project management models are suited to manage repetitious project that have been done before, such a developer building houses. Typically these have a lower degree of fuzziness and fewer changes are expected. The traditional methods are not suited to manage projects of a more innovative nature with more expected changes. Other methods are better suited for this such as the agile project management methods, which are becoming increasing popular. The Agile Project Framework (APF) developed by Wisocki in 2003-04 is one of these. Developed and proposed by the author to aid in managing some of these challenges. The framework is still young, but it has shown promise. The method is suited to manage all types of projects. It is characterized by being customer focused and driven. Supporters of the method argue that it provides the client with maximum value on limited resources. Despite the methods strengths, it has some weaknesses.
The method is used to manage projects with a higher degree of fuzziness and it still has some of challenges related to this.
Some argue that unk unks are a major reason for project failures, but they are not the only reason. Fuzziness consists of several componenets with different roots, all affecting the level of fuzziness. The main purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the Agile Project Framework (APF) ability to manage fuzziness. Three sub-objectives were added to supplement the main purpose and clarify evaluation focus. The first sub-objective was to study advantages and disadvantages with the APF. The second sub-objective was to study how APF manage fuzziness. The third sub-objective was related to assess if the method utilizing Aven`s (A,C,U) perspective can improve APFs ability to manage fuzziness. In addition the strengths and weaknesses of the proposition was evaluated.
The study found that the APF has tools to manage projects for a high degree of fuzziness where changes are expected. Despite this the method has some weaknesses. It can be vulnerable to aspects such as unk unks, poor communication, bad quality of personell/project manager and poor feedback. Due to its small project teams it is more exposed to personell challenges than larger teams. This may be sickess, sick children, personell leaving or other reasons that result in personell not completing their work packages. The APF is most stuited for smaller project and not ideal for managing large-scale projects. One of the reasons for this is that it is highly unlikely they will get funding of millions of dollars based on the argument “it will provide maximum value on the given resources and works 100% of the time”. The study found that the presented (A,C,U) approach has some interesting ideas that may complement the APF if it is implemented effectively. To do this the assessment should be crude and focus on critical elements. Still, there is no practical data and experience to show to. Therefore at the current stage, the method presents a theoretical approach that can at best provide discussion or inspiration for new tools, rather than a viable tool. There is a reason for why the current methods are used. Despite many projects failing or not meeting their requirements, the currently used tools are the best alternatives
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Price transmission from Norwegian export to German and Spanish market for salmon products
Full text linkMaster's thesis in Industrial EconomicsThis thesis analyzes the price transmission from Norwegian export of salmon to retail products in Germany and Spain. The thesis shows the relationship between the export prices and the retail prices as well as the degree of the relationship. With export of salmon and the sale at retail level we are looking at the beginning and the end of the supply chain. In between these supply chain levels the price is transmitted and at some levels the transmission decreases. This means that for several reasons the price transmission not always is complete from export to retail. This thesis focuses on the relationship between the export and retail as well as testing for other factors that can help us understand the potential patterns and differences in different product categories. It is also studied for potential patterns and differences in prepacked and non-prepacked salmon products. The assumptions made before the analyses was that the price transmission would decrease as the processing increased.
The results from the analyses show that there is a relationship between the export and retail price for some of the product categories. While some had no relationship. This shows that the salmon markets in Germany and Spain are different for the product categories. The markets change over time and these results may be very different in a few years. However, for the time being there were not enough relationships for us to be able to uncover the potential patterns mentioned.
For the prepacked and non-prepacked salmon the results show that the price transmission is higher for the non-prepacked salmon compared to the prepacked salmon. This can be explained by the fact that the non-prepacked salmon product that is bought are packed at the retail level removing the packing step from the supply chain
Market integration and volatility in the Nordic energy exchange
Full text linkMaster's thesis in Industrial economicsThis thesis is investigating the level of market integration, as well as the
volatility and inter-relationship in the Nordic spot market. The empirical analysis
is using spot prices from 13 regions in the Nordic energy exchange. The
purpose of the study is to find evidence of market integration between the
system price and the regional price. Further, an assessment of the volatility in
the regions will support the notion of market integration. A bivariate Autoregressive
(AR) model is applied to the price series, and residuals is run through
a Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model.
Inference tests are run for hypothesis regarding dynamics and long run integration.
The results show that Nord Pool is not perfectly integrated. The regions in
Scandinavia show strong market integration with the system price. Low average
price and a large, unpredictable price volatility is seen in all the regional
prices in Norway, Sweden, Denmark, and Finland. The Baltic regions show
signs of internal market power, indicating monopolistic production of electrical
energy. The Baltic regions are not fully integrated with the system price.
The results of the AR model support the findings of low market integration in
the Baltic regions and high integration in Scandinavia.
The persistence in the volatility effects in Scandinavia show that volatility
in previous observations have a permanent effect on the volatility level today.
For the Baltic regions, the persistence show a mean-reverting structure where
volatile price movement dampen down until it reaches a stable equilibrium.
Capacity constraints during bottleneck periods cause the area price to deviate
from the system price. Better transmission capacity will lead to a closer
integration between the markets within Nord Pool Spot (NPS)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Salmon Aquaculture in a Global Perspective, a Lesson from Norwegian Regulations
Full text linkMaster's thesis in Industrial economics.The salmon aquaculture is experiencing rapid growth as the worlds need for sustainable sources of protein and fat increases. The Norwegian aquaculture industry is world leading. Over the years several regulatory schemes have been employed to internalize the industry’s negative environmental. This thesis investigates how the industry will adapt to the suggestion of a collaborative incentive scheme. Results show that risk-averse actors will prefer to defect from collaboration, and that a single industry actor will have additionally decreased incentive to collaborate as a function of his relative smaller market size. Furthermore, incentive schemes like this seem only applicable to a coherent group of actors, and the probability of a single actor defecting can lead to opportunistic free rider behaviour in the group
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