82 research outputs found
Global and local estimates of environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems are poorly correlated
No full textData repository for ‘Global and local estimates of environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems are poorly correlated ‘
prepared by Mathis L. Messager ([email protected])
1. Overview and background ----------------------------------------------------------
This documentation describes the input and output data associated with the analysis presented in: Messager, M. L., Dickens, W. S. C., Eriyagama, N., Tharme, R. E., Stassen, R. (2024). Limited comparability of global and local estimates of
environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1cb5.
Environmental flows (e-flows) are a central element of sustainable water resource management to mitigate the detrimental impacts of hydrological alteration on freshwater ecosystems and their benefits to people. Many nations strive to protect e-flows through policy, and thousands of local-scale e-flows assessments have been conducted globally, leveraging data and knowledge to quantify how much water must be provided to river ecosystems, and when, to keep them healthy. However, e-flows assessments and implementation are geographically uneven and cover a small fraction of rivers worldwide. This hinders globally consistent target-setting, monitoring and evaluation for international agreements to curb water scarcity and biodiversity loss. Therefore, dozens of models have been developed over the past two decades to estimate the e-flows requirements of rivers seamlessly across basins and administrative boundaries at a global scale.There has been little effort, however, to benchmark these models against locally derived e-flows estimates, which may limit confidence in the relevance of global estimates. The aim of this study was to assess whether current global methods reflect e-flows estimates used on the ground, by comparing global and local estimates for 1194 sites across 25 countries. We found that while global approaches broadly approximate the bulk volume of water that should be precautionarily provided to sustain aquatic ecosystems at the scale of large basins or countries, they explain a remarkably negligible 0%–1% of the global variability in locally derived estimates of the percentage of river flow that must be protected at a given site. Even when comparing assessments for individual countries, thus controlling for differences in local assessment methods among jurisdictions, global e-flows estimates only marginally compared (R2 ⩽ 0.31) to local estimates. Such a disconnect between global and local assessments of e-flows requirements limits the credibility of global estimates and associated targets for water use. To accelerate the global implementation of e-flows requires further concerted effort to compile and draw from the thousands of existing local e-flows assessments worldwide for developing a new generation of global models and bridging the gap from local to global scales..
The data repository includes data required to perform this analysis as well as the data outputs from this analysis. Input data from local e-flow assessments included herein were either provided by collaborators or extracted from published governmental and academic reports by the authors. Input hydrographic data not available for download elsewhere were provided by Dr. Bernhard Lehner and hydrological simulations from PCR-GLOBWB 2.0 at a spatial resolution of 5 arc-min (not provided herein) were provided by Dr. ir. Edwin H. Sutanudjaja.
All scripts necessary to reproduce this analysis are freely available for all purposes (and can be copied, modified and distributed) at: https://github.com/messamat/globalEF_testPy (for data-preformatting and global e-flow calculations) and https://github.com/messamat/globalEF_testR (for comparing global and local MAF and e-flow estimates). The structure of the analysis relies as much as possible on good enough practices in scientific computing, which users are encouraged to read.
2. Repository content ----------------------------------------------------------
The data repository has the following structure, which must be conserved to run the analysis workflow:
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data/
Formatted_data_Chandima_20211018: pre-formatted local e-flow assessment sites.
Formatted_data_Chandima_20211102: pre-formatted local e-flow assessment sites.
GEFIS_test_data/:
Master Data Table_20230424.xlsx: final database of local e-flow assessments.
HydroATLAS/: hydrographic data required for downscaling and mapping global MAF and e-flow estimates
HydroATLAS_metadata_MLMv11.xlsx: metadata of RiverATLAS attributes used in producing distribution histogram in Supplementary Material.
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results/
france_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for the Rhone River basin in France. The main output file is /Rhone_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
mexico_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for Mexico. The main output file is /Mexico_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
processing_outputs.gdb: outputs from overall spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data. The fully formatted point data of the sites is: EFpoints_20230424_clean_riverjoin. Associated with global e-flow estimates: EFpoints_20230424_clean_globalEF.
victoria_preprocessing.gdb: outputs from spatial formatting of local e-flow assessment data for the state of Victoria, Australia. The main output file is /Victoria_EFpoints_cleanjoin.
EFpoints_20230424_clean_globalEF.csv: all global e-flow estimates extracted for local e-flow assessment sites.
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isimp2_qtot_accumulated15s.gdb.zip: all global MAF and e-flow estimates in raster format. In the analytical workflow, these data are in the results/ folder but here they have been placed outside to conform with the maximum file size limit of this dataverse.
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README_Technical_documentation_globalEFcomparison_Messageretal2023.pdf : documentation for this repository
3. Data format and projection ----------------------------------------------------------
The spatial datasets are distributed in ESRI® file geodatabase format. Please contact the author should you want the data in another format. These datasets are available in compressed zip file format. To use the data files, the zip files must first be decompressed.
All data layers are provided in geographic (latitude/longitude) projection, referenced to datum WGS84. In ESRI® software this projection is defined by the geographic coordinate system GCS_WGS_1984 and datum D_WGS_1984 (EPSG: 4326).
4. License and citations ----------------------------------------------------------
4.1 License agreement
This documentation and datasets are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-4.0 License). For all regulations regarding license grants, copyright, redistribution restrictions, required attributions, disclaimer of warranty, indemnification, liability, waiver of damages, and a precise definition of licensed materials, please refer to the License Agreement (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode). For a human-readable summary of the license, please see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
4.2 Citations and acknowledgements.
Citations and acknowledgements of this dataset should be made as follows:
Messager, M. L., Dickens, W. S. C., Eriyagama, N., Tharme, R. E., Stassen, R. (2024). Limited comparability of global and local estimates of
environmental flow requirements to sustain river ecosystems. Environmental Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ad1cb5.
We kindly ask users to cite this study in any published material produced using it. If possible, online links to this repository (DOI) should also be provided
J Appl Gerontol
No full textObjectiveIncreases in body weight and declining physical activity that may accompany aging are linked to a range of problems affecting daily life (i.e., decreased mobility and overall quality of life). This study investigates the actual and perceived neighborhood environment on overweight and obese urban older adults.MethodWe selected 217 individuals aged 65+ who answered questions about their neighborhood on the 2009 Speak to Your Health survey. Using multinomial regression models and geospatial models, we examined relationships between neighborhood environment and BMI.ResultsWe found that obese older adults were 63% less likely to have a park within their neighborhood (p = .04). Our results also show that older adults who perceive their neighborhood crime as very high are 12 times more likely to be overweight (p = .04).DiscussionFindings suggest that parks may affect BMI in older adults; however, neighborhood perceptions play a greater role.G12 MD007582/MD/NIMHD NIH HHSUnited States/P20 MD006738/MD/NIMHD NIH HHSUnited States/U48 DP000055/DP/NCCDPHP CDC HHSUnited States
Models of diffuse Hα in the interstellar medium : the relative contributions from in situ ionization and dust scattering
No full textJB acknowledges the support of an STFC studentship. LMH acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation through award AST-1108911.Using three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiation transfer models of photoionization and dust scattering, we explore different components of the widespread diffuse Hα emission observed in the interstellar medium of the Milky Way and other galaxies. We investigate the relative contributions of Hα from recombination emission in ionized gas and Hα that originates in HII regions near the Galactic mid-plane and scatters off high-altitude dust in the diffuse interstellar medium. For the radiation transfer simulations, we consider two geometries for the interstellar medium: a three-dimensional fractal geometry that reproduces the average density structure inferred for hydrogen in the Milky Way, and a density structure from a magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a supernova-driven turbulent interstellar medium. Although some sight lines that are close to HII regions can be dominated by scattered light, overall we find that less than ~20 per cent of the total Hα intensity in our simulations can be attributed to dust scattering. Our findings on the relative contribution of scattered Hα are consistent with previous observational and theoretical analyses. We also investigate the relative contributions of dust scattering and in situ ionization of high-density dust clouds in the diffuse gas. Dust scattering in these partially ionized clouds contribute ~40 per cent to the total intensity of Hα.Peer reviewe
Eddy transport of organic carbon and nutrients from the Chukchi Shelf : impact on the upper halocline of the western Arctic Ocean
No full textAuthor Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 112 (2007): C05011, doi:10.1029/2006JC003899.In September 2004 a detailed physical and chemical survey was conducted on an anticyclonic, cold-core eddy located seaward of the Chukchi Shelf in the western Arctic Ocean. The eddy had a diameter of ∼16 km and was centered at a depth of ∼160 m between the 1000 and 1500 m isobaths over the continental slope. The water in the core of the eddy (total volume of 25 km3) was of Pacific origin, and contained elevated concentrations of nutrients, organic carbon, and suspended particles. The feature, which likely formed from the boundary current along the edge of the Chukchi Shelf, provides a mechanism for transport of carbon, oxygen, and nutrients directly into the upper halocline of the Canada Basin. Nutrient concentrations in the eddy core were elevated compared to waters of similar density in the deep Canada Basin: silicate (+20 μmol L−1), nitrate (+5 μmol L−1), and phosphate (+0.4 μmol L−1). Organic carbon in the eddy core was also elevated: POC (+3.8 μmol L−1) and DOC (+11 μmol L−1). From these observations, the eddy contained 1.25 × 109 moles Si, 4.5 × 108 moles NO3 −, 5.5 × 107 moles PO3 −, 1.2 × 108 moles POC, and 1.9 × 109 moles DOC, all available for transport to the interior of the Canada Basin. This suggests that such eddies likely play a significant role in maintaining the nutrient maxima observed in the upper halocline. Assuming that shelf-to-basin eddy transport is the dominant renewal mechanism for waters of the upper halocline, remineralization of the excess organic carbon transported into the interior would consume 6.70 × 1010 moles of O2, or one half the total oxygen consumption anticipated arising from all export processes impacting the upper halocline.This work was
supported by the National Science Foundation, and office of Naval
Research; DH OPP-0124900, NB OPP-0124868, DK OPP 0124872, RP
N00014-02-1-0317
Chronic Conditions May Be More Important Than Race or Ethnicity in Relation to Health Information Seeking and Use
No full text Objective: This research examines health information (HI) seeking and use among middle-aged and older adults with chronic health conditions. Method: We used logistic regression models to analyze HI seeking ( N = 7,822) and use (N = 4,541-4,547) among participants (aged 45+ years) with chronic conditions from the nationally-representative Health Tracking Household Survey. Results: Adults aged 45+ years with chronic conditions were significantly more likely to seek and use HI; however, these results varied based on the age and education. Compared with Whites, Latinos were less likely to seek HI but more likely to use HI to treat illness, and African Americans were more likely to use HI to maintain health. Conclusion: Middle-aged and older adults with chronic conditions are prominent HI seekers and users. Proficient HI seeking and use may have the potential to enhance control over one’s own health, maintain independence in the community, and reduce the impact of negative health consequences on the health care system. </jats:p
ACADEMIC PRODUCTIVITY AFTER COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY FELLOWSHIP
No full textPurpose/Background: Early career publication productivity among academic surgeons after Colon and Rectal Surgery (CRS) Fellowship has not been studied. Hypothesis/Aim: We aimed to describe predictive factors of academic surgeons’ publication productivity using pre-CRS fellowship characteristics. Methods/Interventions: Candidates included those applying for CRS fellowship at Mayo Clinic between 2015 and 2018 and appointed in an academic position post-fellowship. Academic position was defined as Instructor, Assistant Professor, Associate Professor, or Professor. It was assessed through a cross-checking of information on public online sources (American College of Surgeons, American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, university website, and social media). Academic position and publications were blindly assessed by three authors (G.C, S.A., S.B.) in July 2021, any incongruity was further resolved. The number of publications post-fellowship and authorship positions was retrieved from PubMed, with a median follow-up of 2.5 years [range: 1-4 years]. Academics top quartile (Q1) was defined according to a composite productivity outcome of publications/year ratio as first, last and any-position author. Data were compared between Q1 and the less productive quartiles (Q2-4). Pre-fellowship data were retrieved from the Electronic Residency Application Service (ERAS®) application. Results/Outcome(s): Among 130 defined academic surgeons, first author, last author, and any position publications were less than one publication/year ratio in 80%, 86%, and 47%, respectively. First author publications were one, two, or ≥three publications/year ratio in 16%, 4%, and 2% of the academics, while last author publications in 9%, 3%, and 3%. Overall, the number of publications as any author position was one in 21%, two in 13%, three to five in 11%, and >five publications/year ratio in 10% of the academics. Academics in the top quartile (Q1) more frequently attended a top-20 medical school, top-20 Surgery Residency Program, and completed a Research Fellowship. Prior to fellowship, Q1 academics had more publications as 1st author and had more presentations. Understandably, these individuals frequently received research awards and had earned advanced degrees (Master/PhD) (Table 1). Limitations: Its retrospective nature and follow-up duration limited our study. Conclusions/Discussion: Among early-career academics, half coauthored less than one article/year after CRS fellowship, and more than 80% authored less than one article/year as first or last author. Conversely, academics with the highest publication productivity during their early career demonstrated high pre-fellowship research and publication performances
Detailed optical and near-infrared polarimetry, spectroscopy and broad-band photometry of the afterglow of GRB 091018 : polarization evolution
No full textFollow-up observations of large numbers of gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows, facilitated by the Swift satellite, have produced a large sample of spectral energy distributions and light curves, from which their basic micro- and macro-physical parameters can in principle be derived. However, a number of phenomena have been observed that defy explanation by simple versions of the standard fireball model, leading to a variety of new models. Polarimetry can be a major independent diagnostic of afterglow physics, probing the magnetic field properties and internal structure of the GRB jets. In this paper we present the first high-quality multi-night polarimetric light curve of a Swift GRB afterglow, aimed at providing a well-calibrated data set of a typical afterglow to serve as a benchmark system for modelling afterglow polarization behaviour. In particular, our data set of the afterglow of GRB 091018 (at redshift z = 0.971) comprises optical linear polarimetry (R band, 0.13-2.3d after burst); circular polarimetry (R band) and near-infrared linear polarimetry (Ks band). We add to that high-quality optical and near-infrared broad-band light curves and spectral energy distributions as well as afterglow spectroscopy. The linear polarization varies between 0 and 3per cent, with both long and short time-scale variability visible. We find an achromatic break in the afterglow light curve, which corresponds to features in the polarimetric curve. We find that the data can be reproduced by jet break models only if an additional polarized component of unknown nature is present in the polarimetric curve. We probe the ordered magnetic field component in the afterglow through our deep circular polarimetry, finding P circ < 0.15per cent (2σ), the deepest limit yet for a GRB afterglow, suggesting ordered fields are weak, if at all present. Our simultaneous R- and Ks-band polarimetry shows that dust-induced polarization in the host galaxy is likely negligible
Neoephydra ciligena Rondani
No full text16. <i>Neoephydra ciligena</i> (Rondani) <p>Figs. 75–78, Map 16</p> <p> <i>Ephydra ciligena</i> Rondani 1868: 32.</p> <p> <i>Parydra ciligena</i>.— Wirth 1968: 22 [generic combination, Neotropical catalog]. <i>Dimecoenia ciligena</i>.— Clausen 1985: 382 [generic combination].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 239 [world catalog]. <i>Neoephydra ciligena</i>.— Mathis 2008: 10 [generic combination].</p> <p> <i>Ephydra densepilosa</i> Hendel 1930: 152. <b>New synonym</b></p> <p> <i>Dimecoenia densepilosa</i>.— Hendel 1933: 223 [generic combination].— Wirth 1968: 23 [Neotropical catalog].—Lizarralde de Grosso 1989: 58 [list, Argentina].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 239 [world catalog].</p> <p> <i>Neoephydra densepilosa</i>.— Mathis 2008: 10 [generic combination].</p> <p> <i>Dimecoenia prionoptera,</i> in part [misidentification].— Cresson 1935: 350 [listed questionably in synonymy].</p> <p> <i>Dimecoenia lopesi</i> Oliveira 1954b: 269.— Wirth 1968: 23 [Neotropical catalog].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 239 [world catalog]. <b>New synonym</b></p> <p> <i>Neoephydra lopesi</i>.— Mathis 2008: 10 [generic combination].</p> <p> <i>Dimecoenia grumanni</i> Oliveira 1954b: 272; 1958: 167 [description and illustration of immature stages].— Wirth 1968: 23 [Neotropical catalog].— Mathis and Zatwarnicki 1995: 239 [world catalog]. <b>New synonym</b></p> <p> <i>Neoephydra grumanni</i>.— Mathis 2008: 10 [generic combination].</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Specimens of <i>N. ciligena</i> are distinguished from similar congeners of the <i>araucaria</i> group by the following characters: appearance variable, either generally dark, particularly the legs, or pale colored, with legs mostly reddish yellow; face moderately setose; gena high; and structures of male terminalia with distinctive conformation. Moderately large to large shore flies, body length 4.10–5.60 mm; generally dark colored, grayish brown to brown with some subshiny to shiny, golden brown or brown areas dorsally.</p> <p> <i>Head:</i> Head ratio 0.67–0.70; frontal ratio 0.47–0.50; subquadrate mesofrons shiny with golden brown to greenish brown metallic luster, moderately pilose anteriorly, lateral margins becoming slightly narrower anteriorly; ocellar triangle and parafrons dull, microtomentose, brown to blackish brown; ocelli in isosceles triangle, distance between posterior ocelli less than between medial ocellus and either posterior ocellus; parafrons mostly blackish brown, lacking any subshiny area through insertions of fronto-orbital setae. Antenna mostly unicolorous blackish brown, densely microtomentose; arista thickened on basal 1/3, gradually tapered to style-like, bare tip, basal portion with macropubescent vestiture; aristal length equal to combined length of 1st 3 segments. Facial ratio of females 0.80–0.82, of males 0.93–0.96, densely microtomentose, mostly unicolorous, brown to golden brown; dorsum of interfoveal hump with small anterior area subshiny, golden brown; facial setae moderately well developed, particularly along dorsal slope and oral margin, larger setae along dorsal slope slightly anaclinate. Eye ratio 1.0; gena-to-eye ratio 0.46; gena moderately high, anterior portion concolorous with face becoming slightly more yellowish posteriorly.</p> <p> <i>Thorax:</i> Generally brown; scutum mostly subshiny to shiny, microtomentose only along anterior and lateral margins; becoming shinier and darker posteriorly; scutellum concolorous with posterior portion of scutum. Pleural areas generally concolorous, dull, microtomentose, blackish brown to grayish brown, becoming only slightly paler toward venter. Wing very palely infuscate, pale grayish brown; wing length averaging 3.38–3.47 mm; costal vein ratio 0.25–0.28; M vein ratio 0.71–0.72. Legs mostly concolorous; femora variable, either concolorous with pleural areas, with tibiae blackish brown dorsally, ventral surface somewhat rufous to brownish orange, and tarsi blackish brown except at articulations which are brownish orange, or with legs mostly pale, reddish yellow.</p> <p> <i>Abdomen:</i> Generally subshiny dorsally, becoming duller, more microtomentose toward lateral margins; first 4 tergites with large subshiny area toward anterior margin with dark, greenish brown, metallic luster, lateral margins becoming gradually duller and grayer; 5th tergite of male mostly brown, at most subshiny, sides tapered gradually to bluntly rounded apex. Male terminalia (Figs. 75–78): epandrium in posterior view becoming narrower and parallel sided below level of cerci; surstyli in posterior view with broadly rounded basal enlargement, becoming abruptly narrower along ventral projections; surstylus in lateral view with ventral projection curved at tip and slightly enlarged, lateral projection over 1/2 length of ventral projection, claviform.</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> The lectotype female of <i>Ephydra ciligena</i> Rondani (designated by Clausen 1985: 382) is labeled “ HOLOTYPE Ephydra ciligena Rondani P.J.Clausen, 1984 HOLOTYPE [red]/Correct genus now Dimecoenia P.J. Clausen, 1984 [handwritten, white with a black sub-border].” Although Clausen (1985) labeled this specimen as the “ HOLOTYPE,” Rondani's original paper is not specific about whether the type series is a single specimen or a series. Thus the primary type is better considered a lectotype rather than a holotype. The lectotype is directly pinned, is in poor condition (covered by fungal hyphae), and is deposited in the MZUF.</p> <p> The lectotype male of <i>Ephydra densepilosa</i> Hendel, here designated to stabilize and make more universal the use of this name, labeled “Tapikiole-Arg[entina]. XII. 25–I.26 [Dec 1925 – Jan 1926] Lind O. Chaco-Exped/ Ephydra densepilosa ♂ Hendel F. Hendel det. [species name, sex symbol, and author’s name handwritten]/ Type Hendel 1930 [handwritten in red, black border]/ LECTOTYPE ♂ Ephydra densepilosa Hendel By W. N. Mathis [handwritten, black sub-border].” The lectotype is double mounted (minute nadel in paper rectangle), is in good condition (the abdomen has been removed and dissected; the structures are in an attached microvial), and is deposited in the SMNS. A female paralectotype is also designated herein.</p> <p> The holotype male of <i>Dimecoenia lopesi</i> Oliveira is labeled “[Brazil] Recr. dos Band[eirantes]. 24-IV- 940 [24 Apr 1940] Lopes/ COL. INST. O. CRUZ NO. 714/ HOLOTYPE Dimecoenia lopesi Oliveira [red].” Allotype female and one male paratype are labeled with the same label data as the holotype except for the collection numbers, which in these specimens are 715 and 716 respectively. The type series is in the IOC. The holotype is directly pinned and is in excellent condition. The abdomens of the allotype and paratypes have been removed, presumably for purposes of illustration, and were not included with the pinned specimens that we examined.</p> <p> The holotype male of <i>Dimecoenia grumanni</i> Oliveira is labeled “TORRES, 1. XI. 950 [1 Nov 1950] RIO GRANDE do SUL E. Gruman/ COL. INST. O. CRUZ NO. 723/ HOLOTYPE Dimecoenia grumanni Oliveira [red].” Allotype female (No. 739) and five paratypes (3♂, 2♀) are labeled with the same label data as the holotype except for the collection numbers which are 722, 724, and 738 for the males, and 740 and 748 for the females. The type series is in the IOC. All specimens of the type series are double mounted on paper points and appear to have been collected in alcohol or a moist killing jar before being mounted. Consequently they are not in the best of condition. The holotype is the best preserved specimen.</p> <p> <b>Type locality.</b> Argentina. Capital Federal: Buenos Aires (34°40'S, 58°24'W).</p> <p> <b>Additional specimens examined.</b> <i>ARGENTINA. Formosa:</i> Estancia Tapikiolé (25°01'S, 59°19'W), E. Lindner (1♂, 1♀; SMNS). <i>Jujuy:</i> Yavi Chico (22°06'S, 65°28'W), Oct 1968, L. E. Peña (2♀; USNM). <i>Mendoza:</i> Mendoza (32°53'S, 68°49'W), Jan 1970, L. E. Peña (1♀; USNM). <i>Tucumán:</i> Dique de Cadillal (26°41'S, 65°16'W), 16–29 Jan 1951, R. Golbach (3♀; FML); Finca La Cavera (Tafí Viejo; 26°45'S, 65°16'W), 23–28 Nov 1951, M. L. Aczel, R. Golbach (7♂, 9♀; FML); Pacará (26°54'S, 65°08'W), 20–28 Nov 1947, R. Golbach (1♂; FML); Tacanas (27°08'S, 64°49'W), 20–28 Nov 1957, R. Golbach (1♂, 3♀; FML); Tafi del Valle (26°52'S, 65°41'W), Nov- 6-12 Dec 1947 –1970, M. L. de Grosso, R. Golbach (9♂, 6♀; FML).</p> <p> <i>BRAZIL. Rio Grande do Sul:</i> Torres (29°21'S, 49°44'W), Jun 1965, N. Papavero (4♂, 2♀; USNM).</p> <p> <i>CHILE. Santiago:</i> El Arbol-Aculeo (33°51'S, 71°01'W), Oct 1969, L. E. Peña (1♀; USNM); El Convento (coast of Santiago Province, south of Santo Domingo village, south of San Antonio, Luis E. Peña G., personal communication; 33°47'S, 71°38'W), 12 Oct 1963, L. E. Peña (77♂, 65♀; MZUSP, USNM); Santiago (33°27'S, 70°40'W), 10 Oct 1963, L. E. Peña (2♀; USNM).</p> <p> <b>Distribution</b> (Map 16). <i>Neotropical:</i> Argentina (Jujuy, Mendoza, Tucumán), Brazil (Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul), and Chile (Santiago), between 22°–34°S and 44°–71°W.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> The known distribution of <i>N. ciligena</i> is widespread, and there is considerable color polymorphism throughout. This is especially evident in the color of the legs, which vary from being mostly blackish gray to mostly reddish yellow. The structures of the male terminalia, however, are very similar, and based on them, we have determined that the various color morphs are conspecific.</p> <p> <b>MAP 16.</b> Distribution map for <i>Neoephydra ciligena</i> (Rondani).</p>Published as part of <i>Mathis, Wayne N. & Marinoni, Luciane, 2016, Revision of Ephydrini Zetterstedt (Diptera: Ephydridae) from the Americas south of the United States, pp. 1-110 in Zootaxa 4116 (1)</i> on pages 55-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4116.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/257322">http://zenodo.org/record/257322</a>
Radio sources in the Chandra Galactic Bulge Survey
No full textWe discuss radio sources in the Chandra Galactic Bulge Survey region. By cross-matching the X-ray sources in this field with the NRAO VLA Sky Survey archival data, we find 12 candidate matches. We present a classification scheme for radio/X-ray matches in surveys taken in or near the Galactic plane, taking into account other multiwavelength data. We show that none of the matches found here is likely to be due to coronal activity from normal stars because the radio to X-ray flux ratios are systematically too high. We show that one of the source could be a radio pulsar, and that one could be a planetary nebula, but that the bulk of the sources are likely to be background active galactic nuclei (AGN), with many confirmed through a variety of approaches. Several of the AGN are bright enough in the near-infrared (and presumably in the optical) to use as probes of the interstellar medium in the inner Galaxy
The long-wavelength view of GG Tau A: rocks in the ring world
No full textWe present the first detection of GG Tau A at centimetre wavelengths, made with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array at a frequency of 16 GHz (λ = 1.8 cm). The source is detected at >6 σrms with an integrated flux density of S16GHz = 249 ± 45 µJy. We use these new centimetre-wave data, in conjunction with additional measurements compiled from the literature, to investigate the long-wavelength tail of the dust emission from this unusual protoplanetary system. We use an MCMC-based method to determine maximum likelihood parameters for a simple parametric spectral model and consider the opacity and mass of the dust contributing to the microwave emission. We derive a dust mass of Md ~ 0.1 Msun, constrain the dimensions of the emitting region and find that the opacity index at λ > 7 mm is less than unity, implying a contribution to the dust population from grains exceeding ~4 cm in size. We suggest that this indicates coagulation within the GG Tau A system has proceeded to the point where dust grains have grown to the size of small rocks with dimensions of a few centimetres. Considering the relatively young age of the GG Tau association in combination with the low derived disc mass, we suggest that this system may provide a useful test case for rapid core accretion planet formation models
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