1,720,981 research outputs found
The photographic paper that made Leo Baekeland's reputation: entrepreneurial incentives for not patenting
No full textThe Ianos Cyclone (September 2020, Greece) from Perspective of Utilizing Social Networks for DM
No full textInternational audienceMain purpose of current research is to present evolutions in previous presented approaches of the author for manipulating social media content for disaster management of natural events. Those innovations suggest the adoption of machine learning for classifying both photos and text posted in social networks along with hybrid geo-referencing. As case study the author chose the Ianos cyclone, occurred between Italy and Greece, during September 2020. The geographic focus of the research was in Greece where the cyclone caused 4 human losses and damages in the urban environment. A dataset consisted of 4655 photos, with their corresponding captions, timestamps and location information was crawled from Instagram. The main hashtag used was #Ianos. Two data samples, one for each type, were classified manually for calibrating the classification models. The classes regarding photos were initially: (i) related and (ii) not related to Ianos, while the general classification schema for photos and text was: (i) Ianos event identification, (ii) consequences, scaled according to the impact of each report, (iii) precaution, (iv) disaster management: announcements, measures, volunteered actions. Author’s approach regarding classification suggests the use of convolutional neural networks and support vector machine algorithms for image and text classification respectively. The classified dataset, was geo-referenced by using commercial geocoding API and list-based geoparsing. The results of the research in current status are at an initial level, a subset of data though of automatically or manually processed information is presented in four related maps
Archiving Social Media Discussions in Time and Space: A Focus on Refugees from Middle East and Related War Conflicts During Jan 2015 – Apr 2016
No full textPart 3: Social MediaInternational audienceCurrent research presents an approach for archiving social media discussions in time and space. The author generated Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) models and extracted topics, from data, classified into weekly time periods. A thematic dataset of 1.4M tweets, in Greek, posted from 2015–01-01 00:00:01 to 2016–04-30 23:59:59 GMT was used. Through the use of a transformer, the author applied Named Entity Recognition (NER), extracted approximately 940700 geolocations and geocoded them.In total, 1780 topics were extracted. The next step was to reflect them into a human understandable classification schema. The latter was consisted of classes of three main categories: I. Refugee, II. War, III. Irrelevant. The topics were replicated according to the number of classes, and were weighted, estimating thus their percentage distribution. The topic distribution of the documents (tweets), was considered for reflecting geocoded tweets in the classification schema.Results include related figures and maps displaying the frequency of extracted geolocations in Syria and Iraq. The experimentation also revealed, insights regarding LDA model parametrization, while the use of transformers instead of list based geoparsing procedures provide impressive results especially when manipulating texts which refer to wide geographic areas or to the globe in general.Through current approach it can be revealed what were the most dominant discussions, when were those mostly discussed, regarding which geographic areas, queries vital in many disciplines
Morality, locality and 'standardization' in the world of British consulting electrical engineers, 1880-1914
No full textDynamos, tests, and consulting: in the career of John Hopkinson in the 1880s
No full textCet article est centré sur l'expérience d'ingénieur et la carrière de consultant de John Hopkinson, dans les années 1880. L'analyse de ses pratiques d'ingénieur sera traitée par les cas de l'invention et de la construction de la machine Edison-Hopkinson et de la dynamo « Manchester ». C'est dans ce contexte que seront étudiées les relations professionnelles d'Hopkinson avec la English Edison Company et, ultérieurement, avec la Mather and Platt Company. En outre, au début des années 1880, Hopkinson introduisit des méthodes innovantes de test des dynamos afin d'obtenir, de façon systématique, la certitude de mesures fiables pour les générateurs électriques. Ses innovations dans les dynamos et dans les procédés de test de ces technologies en ont fait un brillant médiateur d'innovations pour l'industrie électrique en pleine expansion
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Patently contestable ::electrical technologies and inventor identities on trial in Britain /
No full textAcademic Entrepreneurship, Innovation Policies and Politics in Greece
No full text This paper explores the process of the emergence in Greece of the ‘Triple Helix’, and the nature of the ‘Helix’ in the context of the concurrent changes occurring in Greek socio-political affairs. The influence of politics and innovation policies on the relationships between academia and government and industry is considered. Emphasis is given to national and regional innovation policies and their impact on the commercialization of academic research in the National Technical University of Athens, the University of Thessaly and the Foundation for Research and Technology — Hellas (FORTH) in Crete. </jats:p
‘Tele-Crisis’: Co-production of Crisis and Information and Communication Technologies
No full textThis article introduces a special issue of the journal Science Technology and Society which comprises seven articles problematizing the co-production of "crisis" and ICT since the 1970s.International audienc
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