1,354,559 research outputs found
CONTRIBUTION OF ANZAR SHAH KASHMIRI TO HADITH AND ISLAMIC SCIENCES
No full textAbstract: This research paper, has tried to highlight the contribution of Anzar Shah Kashmiri to hadith and Islamic sciences. The research concentrates on one of the prominent figures of Darul Uloom Deoband who devoted his entire life to the service of the Qur'an and Hadith, and was a teacher of Hadith and Tafsir as well as a scholar of the sciences of these two most authentic subjects in Islamic studies and research. To write this research, I read and researched many articles in Arabic and English and Urdu, from different authors about Sheikh Anzar Shah Kashmiri to complete this paper. Sheikh Anzar Shah Kashmiri was one of the great scholars of Islamic sciences in India, who through his vast knowledge of Hadith and Quranic sciences, transmitted the information to his disciples and students in particular, while through his public speeches and addresses, the information was transferred to the general public in general. Keywords : Anzar Shah Kashmiri, Hadith, Tafsir, Darul Uloom Deoband, Islamic scholars in Indi
Swertia pahalgamensis Tajamul Islam, Anzar A. Khuroo & Irshad A. Nawchoo 2022, sp. nov.
No full text<p> <i>Swertia pahalgamensis</i> Tajamul Islam, Anzar A. Khuroo & Irshad A. Nawchoo, <i>sp. nov.</i> (Figures 1–3)</p> Diagnosis <p> The described species morphologically resembles with <i>S. thomsonii</i> in few characters such as nature of rhizome, habit, fruit type and stem but differs in having basal leaves 15.5–17.5 cm long, elliptic-spathulate, apices acute (vs. 23–30 cm long, elliptic-oblong, apices sub-acute), base of cauline leaves usually free or rarely connate, up to 0.6 cm (vs. connate, up to 2.5 cm), sepals 8.5–9.5× 3–4 mm, margin serrate on upper part, apices acute (vs. 10–10.5 × 2–3 mm, margin entire, apices acuminate), petals 8.5–10.5 × 5–6 mm, ovate, yellowish green, apices sub-obtuse, fused at base; nectar guides with prominent bluish straight lines (vs. 12–13.5 × 4–5 mm, elliptic, white, apices acute, spreading; nectar guides with inconspicuous straight lines), nectaries 1.1–1.2 × 1.1–1.3 mm, round to cushion-shaped, viscous, sub-confluent, present above the base of petal (vs. 1.4–1.5 × 0.8–0.9 mm, elliptic-oval, non-viscous, confluent, present at the base of petal), fimbriae 5–7 per nectary, 1–2 mm long, sparsely oriented all around the margin of nectary (vs. 14–16 per nectary, 3–5 mm long, profusely oriented all around the margin of nectary), stamens 4.0– 5.5 mm long, anthers 1.5–2 mm long, oblong, apices obtuse (vs. 7–8 mm long, anthers 2–3 mm long, ovate, apices apiculate), capsule 4.5–5.5 mm wide (vs. 2–4 mm wide), seeds 4.0–4.5 × 3.5–4.0 mm, oval-round, wings 1.0– 1.2 mm wide (vs. 3.0–3.5 × 2–2.5 mm, oval-oblong, wings 0.5–0.9 mm wide).</p> <p> <b>Type:—</b> INDIA. Kashmir, Anantnag district, Royal Sar, Pahalgam, 34.20˚N, 75.22˚E, 3590 m asl, 28 August 2021, <i>Tajamul Islam</i>, <i>Anzar A. Khuroo</i> & <i>Irshad A. Nawchoo 46288</i> (holotype: KASH!, isotype KASH!).</p> Description <p>Perennial herb, 50–80 cm tall. Rhizomatous with fibrous roots; rhizome 6–8 × 1.5–2.5 cm. Stem erect, simple, hollow, glabrous, cylindrical in outline. Basal leaves 15–25, elliptic-spathulate, petiolate, 15.5–17.5 × 3–3.5 cm, margin entire, apices acute. Cauline leaves, 3–6 pairs, opposite, sessile, free to rarely connate up to 0.6 cm, elliptic to lanceolate, entire, sub-acute, 2–7.5 × 1–2.5 cm, leaf size gradually decreases toward upper-side. Inflorescence paniculate cyme, 25.5–27.5 cm long. Flowers tetramerous, pentamerous or rarely hexamerous, actinomorphic, 20–40 in number, open flower diameter 2.4–2.7 cm, bracteate, pedicels 1.0– 3.8 cm long. Calyx persistent, sepals glabrous, lanceolate, margin serrate on upper part, apices acute, 4–5 in number, 8.5–9.5 × 3–4 mm. Petals yellowish green, ovate, entire, obtuse, 4–5 in number, 8.5–10.5 × 5–6 mm; nectar guides with prominent bluish straight lines; pair of nectaries above base of the petal, sub-confluent, viscous, round to cushion-shaped, 1.1–1.2 × 1.1–1.3 mm; fimbriae 5–7 per nectary, sparsely occur all around the margin of nectary, 1–2 mm long. Stamens 4.0– 5.5 mm long; anthers 1.5–2.0 × 0.6–1.0 mm, bilobed, oblong, sub-dorsifixed, dehiscence longitudinal, apices obtuse. Carpels 2, syncarpous, placentation parietal; ovary superior, lance-shaped, 4.5–5.5× 2–2.5 mm; style reduced; stigma bifid. Fruit capsule with persistent calyx, oblong, 8.5–11.5× 4.5–5.5 mm, septicidal dehiscence. Seeds 55–65 per capsule, oval-round, winged, brownish, flattened, 4.0– 4.5 × 3.5–4.0 mm, wings 1–1.2 mm wide.</p> <p> <b>Phenology:—</b> Vegetative phase occurs from June–July; flowering from August and extends up to mid-September; fruiting from September–October.</p> <p> <b>Distribution and Ecology:—</b> <i>Swertia pahalgamensis</i> is currently reported only from the type locality in Royal Sar area of Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary (Pahalgam, Kashmir Himalaya, India). It occurs in the alpine zone at an altitude of 3590 m asl.The species grows on moist slopes of meadows with rocky substrate and along the banks of steep mountain streams. The habitat is dominated by herbaceous plants and the associated species include: <i>Euphorbia wallichii</i> Hooker (1887: 25), <i>Caltha palustris</i> var. <i>alba</i> (Cambessedes 1841: 6) Hooker & Thomson (1855: 40), <i>Trifolium repens</i> Linnaeus (1753: 767), <i>Sibbaldia cuneata</i> Edgeworth (1846: 44), <i>Nepeta laevigata</i> (D. Don 1825: 110) Hand. -Mazz. (1936: 916), <i>Artemisia roxburghiana</i> Besser (1836: 57), <i>Bupleurum candollei</i> Wallich ex Candolle (1830: 131), <i>Rhodiola himalensis</i> (D. Don 1825: 212) S.H. Fu (1965: 121).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:—</b> The specific epithet ‘ <i>pahalgamensis</i> ’ is derived from the area of collection, i.e., Pahalgam (Kashmir Himalaya, India). It is a famous Himalayan tourist spot well-known for its picturesque beauty with temperate coniferous forests, pristine alpine lakes and snow-clad mountains.</p> <p> <b>Taxonomic Note:</b> This newly described species falls under the genus <i>Swertia</i> based on rotate corolla, shape and nature of nectaries and presence of fimbriae. It closely resembles with <i>S. thomsonii</i> in some characters but differs in many morphological characters (Figure 3). It also shows some morphological resemblance with <i>S. marginata</i> Schrenk (1842: 353) in having similar habit, shape of sepals, a pair of nectaries per corolla lobe and type of fruit as in <i>S. pahalgamensis</i>, but differs in having oblong corolla lobes, nature and cup-shaped nectaries, size of fimbriae and filaments, shape and color of anthers, narrowly ovoid fruit and ellipsoidal seeds (FoC 2008).</p> <p> <b>Conservation Note:</b> During the present study, about 150 individuals were recorded from the type locality. The new species is so far known only from the type locality, i.e., Royal Sar area of Pahalgam in Kashmir Himalaya, India. In future, more extensive surveys in the study area and neighbouring regions may facilitate empirical evaluation of conservation status for this new species. However, it is relevant to mention that the type locality is used by the pastoralists for livestock grazing and recently huge tourist influx may lead to its habitat degradation, which in near future may endanger the existing natural populations of this newly described species.</p>Published as part of <i>Islam, Tajamul, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad & Nawchoo, Irshad A., 2022, Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India, pp. 201-207 in Phytotaxa 547 (2)</i> on pages 203-205, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.2.8, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/6571507">http://zenodo.org/record/6571507</a>
Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India
No full textIslam, Tajamul, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad, Nawchoo, Irshad A. (2022): Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 547 (2): 201-207, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.2.
Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C. A. Mey.
No full textEphedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey. (Meyer 1846: 88) Type: Songoria. KAZAKHSTAN. Tarbagatay, 12 Aug. 1840, Schrenk A.G. von,s.n. Herb. Al.de Bunge (possible syntype P, barcode P007388825 image). https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/436982609 = Ephedra pangiensis Rita Singh & P. Sharma (2015: 189), syn. nov. Type: INDIA. Himachal Pradesh: Pangi Nala, Kinnaur, 3000 m, 10 October 2003, Singh & Sharma 86 (holotype, Indraprastha University Herbarium) n.v . An erect to procumbent, 30–200 cm high shrubs to sub-shrubs with smooth, green branchlets and brownish black, longitudinally fissured and sheathed bark (Figure 1a–f). Upright green stems with alternating ridges and furrows (Figure 1 e & f, 2 a, b, d & g). Stomata occur in furrows whereas cuticular papillae on ridges (Figure 4). Leaves 2–3 per node, 2–6 mm long, connate up to 60–80% length, ephemeral, apices free, tapering proximally, acute to acuminate (Figure1e–h). Strobili usually axillary and rarely terminal, 2–18, 1–3 rows per node, sessile to pedunculate (3–9 mm stalk), bi–to trimerous, and on each shoot there are 4–9 such nodes, bracts opposite and decussate. Male strobili orange to yellow; 6–12 × 6–8 mm, with 2–3 proximal whorled sterile bract and 4–8 fertile bracts; pollens 50–60 × 20–30 µm, inaperturate, ellipsoidal and polyplicate (Figure 2 a–c, g). Female strobili oval, 6–9 × 3–5 mm, yellowish green, 4–6 whorled sterile bracts with basal 1–2 at the proximal end and terminated by single fertile bract whorl and rarely two (Figure 2 d–f). Bisexual strobili axillary to terminal, bi to trimerous (Figure 2g). Fruit fleshy, oblong to ovoid, 8–12 × 6–10 mm, red or orange or yellow, sessile to pedunculate (3–9 mm long), basal sterile peduncular bracts light golden to brown and apical bracts colored with hyaline margins, distal most bract whorl connate up to 70–90% length bearing 2 (rarely 1 or 3) seeds per fruit (Figure 2h–j). Seed ovoid to elongated ovoid, 4–6 × 2.5–3.5 mm, usually brown to black, sometimes mottled with rectangular yellow patches in bimerous strobili, seeds ventrally flat and dorsally convex, with faintly irregular ridges (Figures 3 a–c). Tubillus brown, twisted, coiled, zigzag or straight, 2.5–5 × 0.10–0.15 mm, sometimes twists connected by waxy substance, tubillus pore diameter 0.12–0.16 mm with one side open (Figures 3 d–f). The comparative account of anatomical characters of E. intermedia, E. foliata Boiss. ex C.A. Mey., E. gerardiana Wall. ex Klotzsch & Garcke and E. regeliana Florin species growing in India is also provided in Table 1. Phenology:—Vegetative and reproductive buds are borne on older secondary branches in the spring (April), flowering from May to July and fruiting from July to September. Distribution:—In India, Ephedra intermedia is distributed in Western Himalaya, including Jammu and Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand (Figure 5). In Kashmir valley, it grows at Noorkah Uri (Baramulla), Sankaracharya hill (Srinagar), near Ajas Bandipora; and in Jammu region at Kishtwar and Padder. In Ladakh (Kargil and Leh districts), it is quite widespread growing as a cushion. In Himachal Pradesh, it grows in Lahul–Spiti and Kinnaur regions. In Uttarakhand, it grows in cold desert area of Uttarkashi to Johar valley (Figure 5). E. intermedia is distributed along both sides of the road along Chenab and Spiti rivers in Kinnaur and Spiti, Himachal Pradesh respectively. Along Chenab river, it occurs as abundant shrub with other plant species less abundant in Yangthang, Ka, Pooh, Spilo; however, at Pangi Nala it was observed to be relatively less abundant due to dominance of other plant species such as Pinus gerardiana Wall. ex D. Don. The altitudinal range of E. intermedia spans from 1000 m asl (Uri, Kashmir) to 5000 m asl (Khardung La Pass Ladakh) in India. E. intermedia grows in association with Ajania fruticulosa (Ledeb.) Poljakov, Cousinia thomsonii C. B. Clarke, Shangwua jacea (Klotzsch) Yu J.Wang & Raab-Straube, Askellia flexuosa (Ledeb.) W. A. Weber, Artemisia moorcroftiana Wall., A. brevifolia Wall. ex DC., A. persica Boiss, A. vestita Wall. ex Besser, Halogeton glomeratus (M. Bieb.) Ledeb., Pinus gerardiana, Clematis tibetana Kuntze and Capparis spinosa L. Additional specimens examined:— INDIA. Jammu and Kashmir. Kargil treaty road Kashmir, 2 July 1941, Ludlow & Sherriff 8349 (E); Kashmir, 13 November 1869, Herb Falconer 988 (P); Drained Lake, Srinagar, Kashmir, 2 October 1856, J Ball 4598 (E); Uri Baramullla, 13 May 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44599 (KASH); Zubair & Anzar 44598 (KASH); Kishtwar Himalaya, 1855, J.D. Hooker 77 (P); Padder, 28 June 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44584 (KASH). Ladakh: Lamayuru, 17 July 2018, Zubair & Anzar 44708 (KASH); Mout Nyoma, 12 September 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44577 (KASH); Khardung La Leh, 23 May 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44566 (KASH); Pangong Leh, 20 August 2003, Akhter 1063 (KASH); Turtuk Nubra, 26 September 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44574 (KASH); Kargil, Suruvalley, July 1933, W. N. Koelz, 7167 (US); Batalik Kargil, 25 May 2017, Zubair & Anzar 44582–83 (KASH). Himachal Pradesh: Pangi Killar, 2 June 1878, Watt & George 831 (E); Pangi Kinnaur, 6 June 1962, N.C. Nair 22437 (BSD); Pangi Nala, 29 August 2004, Helmut Freitag et al. (01786) –0093, 203, 204, 205 & 206 (Indraprastha University Herbarium); Pangi Nala Kinnaur, 14 Sept. 2019, Zubair & Anzar 5099 (KASH); Kurith and Rothang, Sept. 2004, Helmut Freitag et al. (01786) –0222 (Indraprastha University Herbarium); Near Pangi Nala, 6 July 2018, Zubair & Anzar 44603 (KASH); Yangthang, 31 August 2004, Helmut Freitag et al. (01786) –0218, 234 & 238 (Indraprastha University Herbarium); Kaza Spiti, 12 – 13 Sept.1933, W.Koelz 7165 (US). Uttarakhand: Tapoban, June 1992, Bhasker Dutt & Brij Lal 76706 (NBRI).Published as part of Rather, Zubair Ahmad & Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad, 2022, Ephedra pangiensis, a new synonym of E. intermedia (Ephedraceae), pp. 83-90 in Phytotaxa 533 (1) on pages 87-89, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/597411
Swertia kashmirensis, a new species from Bangus Valley of Kashmir Himalaya, India
No full textWani, Bilal A., Islam, Tajamul, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad, Ganie, Aijaz H., Nawchoo, Irshad A. (2022): Swertia kashmirensis, a new species from Bangus Valley of Kashmir Himalaya, India. Phytotaxa 532 (1): 93-100, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.532.1.
Swertia drassensis, a new species from Drass, Ladakh Himalaya
No full textBanoo, Sakina, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad, Ganie, Aijaz Hassan (2022): Swertia drassensis, a new species from Drass, Ladakh Himalaya. Phytotaxa 571 (2): 219-226, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.8, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.
FIGURE 1. A in Swertia drassensis, a new species from Drass, Ladakh Himalaya
No full textFIGURE 1. A–—Map showing distribution of Swertia drassensis in Ladakh Himalaya.Published as part of Banoo, Sakina, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad & Ganie, Aijaz Hassan, 2022, Swertia drassensis, a new species from Drass, Ladakh Himalaya, pp. 219-226 in Phytotaxa 571 (2) on page 220, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.571.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/728451
FIGURE 2. A in Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India
No full textFIGURE 2. A—Habit and habitat of Swertia pahalgamensis; B—Rhizome; C—Basal petiolate leaves; D—Flower; E—Sepal (dorsal side); F—Sepal (ventral side); G—Petal (dorsal side); H—Petal with pair of fimbriate nectary (ventral side); I—Nectary with fimbriae; J&K—Stamen with oblong and sub-dorsifixed anther; L—Carpel; M—Capsule; N—Seeds.Published as part of Islam, Tajamul, Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad & Nawchoo, Irshad A., 2022, Swertia pahalgamensis (Gentianaceae), a new species from Kashmir Himalaya, India, pp. 201-207 in Phytotaxa 547 (2) on page 204, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.547.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/657150
FIGURE 4 in Ephedra pangiensis, a new synonym of E. intermedia (Ephedraceae)
No full textFIGURE 4. Cuticle and stem anatomy (cuticle papillae shown by arrows) (a–d) E. intermedia (e–h) E. foliata (i–l) E. gerardiana and (m–p) E. regeliana.Published as part of Rather, Zubair Ahmad & Khuroo, Anzar Ahmad, 2022, Ephedra pangiensis, a new synonym of E. intermedia (Ephedraceae), pp. 83-90 in Phytotaxa 533 (1) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.533.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/597411
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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