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Anonymus a 9. századi Kárpát-medence bolgár fejedelmeiről
Full text linkWhile Romanian historiography has almost expropriated and used the work of the Hungarian Anonymus written around 1210 as a quasi 'national' source concerning the ethnic conditions in the Carpathian Basin at the end of the 9th century, Bulgarian historiography has just discovered Anonymus recently, and on the basis of his information it supposes the presence of Slav and Bulgarian population on large territories of the Carpathian Basin before 895 (the Hungarian conquest) under the power of princes Salanus, Glad and /Menumorout, who had been the subjects of the Bulgarian ruler, and therefore they had been appointed by him. This study refutes this contention. It generally gives judgement against Romanian and Bulgarian scholars for not taking into consideration the work of Anonymus as a whole, and ignoring the results of Hungarian scholars concerning the credibility of Anonymus, but without methodical examination they accept certain contentions of Anonymus, which are favourable for their hypothesis, taking them out of the context of the Gesta. Both general considerations and specific ascertainments suggest that the Bulgarian princes mentioned by Anonymus at the end of the 9th century, among whom Glad and Menumorout are also expropriated by the Romanians, are not real historical figures, but are the products of the imagination of the gesta writer. The name of prince Salanus has evolved from the first part of the toponym 'Szalankemen' (now Slankamen in Yugoslavia), which is mentioned in the gesta as 'Zoloncaman', and is provided with a Latin -us ending. Prince Glad is resurrected by Anonymus from the medieval toponym 'Galad' (now Ghilad in Romania). In the second part of the name of prince Menumorout (-morout) the ethnic name 'Moravian' can be found, in Bihar county two medieval settlements had this name, the first part (Menu-) corresponds with the Hungarian word 'men' meaning male horse, stallion, and refers to the manliness of the bearer. Anonymus himself mentioned that Menumorout had several concubines. The study finally concludes to the fact that Romanian and Bulgarian historiography cannot establish any reliable contentions on the 9th century history of the Romanians" and" Bulgarians on the basis of the information provided by Anonymus
Dimensioneren op \u91wateroverdrukken\u92 van gesloten dijkbekledingen op taluds
No full textIn de waterbouw worden veel typen asfalt gebruikt, zowel open als gesloten typen. Alleen bij gesloten asfaltbekledingen is het mechanisme 'wateroverdrukken' van belang. Met de huidige rekenregels is de vereiste laagdikte van de asfaltbekledingen op taluds te bepalen. Hierbij wordt gekeken naar het voorkomen van oplichten en afschuiven en naar het evenwicht van de bekleding. De bestaande rekenregels uit de 'Leidraad Asfalt' geven een conservatieve benadering van het probleem. In de 'Leidraad Toetsing' dienen gereedschappen te worden opgenomen waarmee het mechanisme 'wateroverdrukken' op een eenvoudige wijze beschreven wordt en uit te werken valt. In het onderhavige rapport zijn de ontwerpregels weergegeven. Hierbij is geen rekening gehouden met het feit dat asfalt dwars-, normaalkrachten en momenten kan opnemen. Met betrekking tot dit aspect is nog onderzoek gaande. Uit de voorlopige analyses van de geboekte resultaten is op te maken dat de invloed gering is. Dit aspect is verder niet uitgewerkt.TAW A4 Asfalttoepassinge
Anonymus és a "Fekete-tenger" = Anonymus and the "Black Sea"
Full text linkThe subject of the paper is Anonymus' historical work on the Hungarian conquest written in the early years of the 13th century. There are two locations in the text mentioning the Black Sea; researchers were convinced until now that Anonymus refers to Pontus Euxinos in both cases, although there exists no any other source using this form for Pontus Euxinos before the second half of the 13th century, including all Western and Eastern texts. –
First the expression "ad nigrum mare" is discussed (Chapter 44; SRH. Vol. 1, page 91, lines 13–18). Identification with the Black Sea makes the text fairly confusing and must have been "ad aegaean mare" in the original. This correction eliminates all the difficulties; "ad nigrum mare" is the consequence of erroneous copying. –
The other occurrence reads as "ad nigrum pontum" (Chapter 1; SRH. Vol. 1, page 34, lines 11–14). The earliest known version of Anonymus' sentence can be found in the so-called Justinus-epitome from the 2nd century A. D. The author presents a simplified process of evolution of this particular sentence. Practically only one rephrasing and two minor reading errors in the course of the copying process (phasi → ithasi, latere → ater) help us reconstruct Anonymus' hypothetical direct source. By this reconstruction it turns out that the original "ponto" – referring to Pontus Euxinos – has changed to "ponto aquilonali", later into „ater/atro ponto aquilonali", and finally Anonymus has replaced ater by niger.
This model of the textual evolution not only gives an interesting example of the development of a short section of a historical work through more than one thousand years, but also eliminates a false argument for a late dating of Anonymus' work
Aceria anonymus
No full textAceria anonymus (Nalepa, 1921) Eriophyes anonymus Nalepa, 1921: 150–151. Aceria anonymus; Amrine & Stasny, 1994: 22. Host. Elaeocarpus glaber (Elaeocarpaceae). Habit. Large, rose-red gall. Distribution. Indonesia (Noesa Kambangan, Java). Remarks. Nalepa (1921) provided no figures for this species.Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 3
Esopus
No full textAnonymus NeveletiAufnahme nach: ÖNB-InkMetrische Version der Fabulae Lib. I-IV von Anonymus Neveleti (Gualtherus Anglicus?)Lagen: a8 b-d4GW 0038810HCR H 287ISTC ia0012640
Anonymus von Feldtaw
No full textANONYMUS VON FELDTAW
Anonymus von Feldtaw ( - )
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Notate (1r)
Anonymus von Feldtaw: Pentaphyllon hermeticum (2r)
Bibelzitate und Invocatio (2v)
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Anonymus és a „Fekete-tenger” : 2. rész: További megjegyzések = Anonymus and the “Black Sea” : Part II: Further remarks
Full text linkIn an earlier article Anonymus and the “Black Sea” (Magyar Nyelv (104) 2008: 306–316.), the author demonstrated that the expressions “ad nigrum mare” and “ad nigrum pontum”, which are found in Anonymus’ historical work Gesta Hungarorum, in both cases they are due to errors occurring in the copying process. Therefore, this text is not a reliable source for examples of the use of the term ‘Black Sea’ - referring to Pontus Euxinus - from the beginning of the 13th century. (The author contests that Anonymus' manuscript was completed between 1211 and 1213: Anonymus and “Cleopatra's town”. Anonymus’ work is 800 years old. Helynévtörténeti Tanulmányok (8.) 2012: 61–79.).
A paper published in “Magyar Nyelv” in 2010 called attention to Icelandic sagas written after 1220 which refer to Pontus Euxinus as Svartahaf (Black Sea) (Csákváry–Veszprémy 2010: 339–343.). The paper states, based on these data, that “there is no need to suppose deterioration of the text for palaeographic reasons in Anonymus’ work” (340.). In the present paper, the author emphasizes that the conclusion made by Csákváry–Veszprémy is based on a serious conceptual error. The author assumes errors in the copying process not simply because the name-form ‘Black Sea’ has not been confirmed by other documents from Anonymus’ era (only surfacing in much later times), but because, in both cases, a series of infallible logical conclusions have lead him to this determination.
The Byzantine-Venetian peace treaty drafted in the year 1265 would be the only document from the 13th century including the Greek name “Μαύρη θάλασσα” and its Latin translation. However, the author concluded that some letters most likely were different in the original draft from the text known today and the original did not refer to the “Black Sea”. The author attributes the earliest occurrences of “Mare nigrum” in Latin texts to “Mirabilia descripti”, written by the Dominican monk Jordanus Catalana de Severac circa 1330; there is also a report by a Franciscan missionary monk named Pascal written on August 10, 1338. The earliest occurrence in Arabic is attributed to Abu-l-Fida's geographical work from 1321
Esopus
No full textAnonymus NeveletiAufnahme nach: ÖNB-InkMetrische Version der Fabulae Lib. I-IV von Anonymus Neveleti (Gualtherus Anglicus?)Lagen: a8 b-d4GW 0038810HCR H 287ISTC ia0012640
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