117,479 research outputs found
Exercise intolerance and fatigue in chronic heart failure: is there a role for group III/IV afferent feedback?
No full textExercise intolerance and early fatiguability are hallmark symptoms of chronic heart failure. While the malfunction of the heart is certainly the leading cause of chronic heart failure, the patho-physiological mechanisms of exercise intolerance in these patients are more complex, multifactorial and only partially understood. Some evidence points towards a potential role of an exaggerated afferent feedback from group III/IV muscle afferents in the genesis of these symptoms. Overactivity of feedback from these muscle afferents may cause exercise intolerance with a double action: by inducing cardiovascular dysregulation, by reducing motor output and by facilitating the development of central and peripheral fatigue during exercise. Importantly, physical inactivity appears to affect the progression of the syndrome negatively, while physical training can partially counteract this condition. In the present review, the role played by group III/IV afferent feedback in cardiovascular regulation during exercise and exercise-induced muscle fatigue of healthy people and their potential role in inducing exercise intolerance in chronic heart failure patients will be summarised
Farae Johannis Francisci sassarensis De chorographia Sardiniae : libri duo De rebus sardois : libri quatuor ex recensione Victorii Angius ex S.P. R.T.S.A.S.A.L. : tomus primus : L. II. Chorog. continens, additio lexico ejusdem et oratione de laudibus auctoris
No full textBound with pages 595-692 of a work bearing running title "Provincia di Sassari" and caption title "Circondario di Sardegna".Portrait of "Il conte Vincenzo Lascaris" tipped in preceding title page of volume 3.Extensive marginalia.Volumes 1, 2 and 3 bound together in library's copy.University of Illinois Library bookplate "From the library of Conte Antonio Cavagna Sangiuliani di Gualdana Lazelada di Bereguardo, purchased 1921" on the inside front cover.Acquisition made accessible thanks to the generous support of the Frederick J. and Margret L. Worden Endowment.Includes index.Title varies with each volume. Volume 2: "Farae Johannis Francisci sassarensis tomus secundus : continens lib. I et II : De rebus Sardois ex recensione Victorii Angius ex S.P. R.T.S.A.S.A.L."; volume 3: "Farae Johannis Francisci sassarensis tomus tertius : continens lib. III et IV, De rebus Sardois ex recensione Victorii Angius ex S.P. R.T.S.A.S.A.L. "Mode of access: Internet
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over the Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Improves Inhibitory Control and Endurance Performance in Healthy Individuals
No full textThe dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is a crucial brain region for inhibitory control, an executive function essential for behavioral self-regulation. Recently, inhibitory control has been shown to be important for endurance performance. Improvement in inhibitory control was found following transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied over the left DLPFC (L-DLPFC). This study examined the effect tDCS on both an inhibitory control and endurance performance in a group of healthy individuals. Twelve participants received either real tDCS (Real-tDCS) or placebo tDCS (Sham-tDCS) in randomized order. The anodal electrode was placed over the L-DLPFC while the cathodal electrode was placed above Fp2. Stimulation lasted 30 min with current intensity set at 2 mA. A Stroop test was administered to assess inhibitory control. Heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and leg muscle pain (PAIN) were monitored during the cycling time to exhaustion (TTE) test, while blood lactate accumulation (∆B[La−]) was measured at exhaustion. Stroop task performance was improved after Real-tDCS as demonstrated by a lower number of errors for incongruent stimuli (p = 0.012). TTE was significantly longer following Real-tDCS compared to Sham-tDCS (p = 0.029, 17 ± 8 vs 15 ± 8 min), with significantly lower HR (p = 0.002) and RPE (p < 0.001), while no significant difference was found for PAIN (p > 0.224). ∆B[La−] was significantly higher at exhaustion in Real-tDCS (p = 0.040). Our findings provide preliminary evidence that tDCS with the anodal electrode over the L-DLPFC can improve both inhibitory control and endurance cycling performance in healthy individuals
Building and Integrating Semantic Theories over Institutions
No full textThis paper constitutes a first attempt at constructing semantic theories over institutions and examining the logical relations holding between different such theories. Our results show that this approach can be very useful for theoretical computer science (and may also contribute to the current philosophical debate regarding the semantic and the syntactic presentation of scientific theories). First we provide a definition of semantic theories in the institution theory framework - in terms of a set of models satisfying a given set of sentences - using the language-independent satisfaction relation characterizing institutions (Definition 17.3). Then we give a proof of the logical equivalence holding between the syntactic and the semantic presentation of a theory, based on the Galois connection holding between sentences and models (Theorem 17.1). We also show how to integrate and combine semantic theories using colimits (Theorem 17.2). Finally we establish when the output of a model-based software verification method applied to a semantic theory over an institution also holds for a semantic theory defined over a different institution (Theorem 17.3)
L'utilizzo di muschi nella valutazione igienico-sanitaria di un'area ad elevato rischio ambientale
No full text
Estudio geobotánico de los bosques riparios de Sulcis-Iglesiente (Cerdeῆa Sur-Occidental)
No full textHepatitis C Virus and Human Herpesvirus 8: Immunological Response, Modification of Cell Metabolism and Association with Type 2 Diabetes
No full textOncogenic and latent-persistent viruses belonging to both DNA (herpesviruses) and RNA viruses [hepatitis C virus (HCV), enteroviruses, rubella, human immunodeficiency virus, and dengue virus] are known to cause severe alterations of cell metabolism, which occasionally can lead to diabetes onset. HCV has been claimed to be able to impair cell metabolism by means of a direct modification of insulin cell sensitivity and host innate immune response. Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) infection also induces stable modifications in cell metabolism. HHV8 enhances the production of insulin receptors in endothelial cells, favors the concentration of lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of endothelial cells, and induces a general impairment of both triglycerides and cholesterol metabolism. HHV8 is also known to alter humoral response and the production of cytokines, which affects cell oxidative activity (reactive oxygen species activation), with a general impairment of acquired immunity. This review focuses particular attention on the recent findings reported on these two latent-persistent human viruses, namely, HCV and HHV8
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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