1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimation of Unsaturation Level Increase of Crude Palm Oil with Desaturase by Using Continuous Systems
No full textDesaturase is the catalyst for the formation of the double bond carbon chains either monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Desaturase producing fungi can be used to increase the unsaturation of crude palm oil (CPO). In the present study the fungi used was Rhizopus oryzae, because it is edible. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of Rhizopus oryzae in producing desaturase, extending enzyme-substrarate contact time, and increasing unsaturation of crude palm oil using bioreactor system model of spiral hose with height variation. First, the fungi were cultured in liquid media with supplements containing certain salts and CPO using Erlenmeyer. After incubation, the culture supernatant was separated from the biomass (liquid fermentation). Liquid fermentation was transferred into a bioreactor system model of continuous spiral hose with height variations (50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 200 cm and 250 cm). Palm oil was pumped from the bottom of the column using a peristaltic pump. CPO was then characterized by determining the iodine number, saponification number, acid number and fatty acid composition both before and after the bioconversion. The results showed that Rhizopus oryzae fermentation liquid was able to increase the unsaturation CPO and multiple unsaturated fatty acid content. On studied conditions, the maximum unsaturation increase occurred at a height of 200 cm with iodine value change of 17.091 g I2/100g CPO with the contact time for 35 minutes. This indicated that the longer the contact time, the higher the unsaturation of CPO. Iodine number could also decrease due to the oxidation of the C = C double bond, that was indicated from the results of iodine number at a height of 250 cm with iodine value change of 15.886 g I2/100g CPO for contact time of 47 minutes. At the optimum conditions, the saponification number was 183.489 g KOH/g CPO and acid number was 9.36 g KOH/g CPO with levels of free fatty acids (% FFA) of 0.936%. Fatty acid composition of palm oil after optimum bioconversion conditions showed increase in oleic acid, and linoleic acid
Strategi Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw: Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa
No full textAbstract:This study aims to look at the critical thinking skills of learners. One way to improve learning outcomes is to use learning strategies Jigsaw. Jigsaw learning strategy designed to enhance the sense of responsibility of students towards their own learning and the learning of others.This type of research has been done in this study is quasy experiment with non equivalent control group design. The population numbered 97 students of class IX SMP Negeri 2 Penengahan. With a sample class D as an experimental class IX and IX B as the control class. The sampling technique is done with randoom sampling technique. To measure students' critical thinking skills bepeserta conducted tests with essay questions about the material amounted to 10 static electricity.The results showed that, when analyzed using t-test obtained thitung more than t table (0.05) with a value 5.593 more than 2.011. This shows that learning strategies Jigsaw affect the critical thinking skills of learners.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik. Salah satu cara yang dapat melihat kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik adalah dengan menggunakan strategi pembelajaran Jigsaw. Strategi pembelajaran Jigsaw dirancang untuk meningkatkan rasa tanggung jawab peserta didik terhadap pembelajarannya sendiri dan pembelajaran orang lain.Jenis penelitian yang telah dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah quasy experiment dengan desain non equivalent control group.Populasi pada penelitian berjumlah 97 peserta didik kelas IX SMP Negeri 2 Penengahan.Dengan sempel kelas IXD sebagai kelas eksperimen dan IXB sebagai kelas kontrol.Teknik pengambilan sempel dilakukan dengan teknik randoom sampling.Untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis bepeserta didik dilakukan tes dengan soal esayberjumlah 10 soal dengan materi listrik statis.Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa, setelah dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji-t didapat thitunglebih dari ttabel(0,05) yaitu dengan nilai 5,593 lebih dari 2,011. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran Jigsaw berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Development of Biodegradable Materials for Consumer Product Packaging: Environmental Impact and Consumer Preferences
Full text linkConventional plastics significantly contribute to environmental pollution due to their non-biodegradable nature. Eco-friendly alternatives such as biodegradable materials are being developed to mitigate these negative impacts. This study employs a mixed-method approach with three main phases: (1) exploration and characterization of biodegradable materials based on polylactic acid (PLA) and corn starch; (2) environmental impact analysis using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate carbon footprint and energy consumption; and (3) consumer preference surveys through questionnaires and interviews in Bandar Lampung. The results indicate that biodegradable materials exhibit higher biodegradability and lower environmental impact than conventional plastics. LCA analysis demonstrates that these materials reduce carbon emissions and energy consumption. Despite challenges such as production costs and material durability, most consumers in Bandar Lampung prefer environmentally friendly packaging. This study provides insights into the potential implementation of biodegradable materials in Indonesia and their contribution to sustainable solutions in the packaging industry
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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