1,720,963 research outputs found
Supplemental Material for the Paper: Is it Part of Me? Exploring Experiences of Inclusive Avatar Use For Visible and Invisible Disabilities in Social VR
No full textSupplemental Material for the paper titled: " Is it Part of Me? Exploring Experiences of Inclusive Avatar Use For Visible and Invisible Disabilities in Social VR" accepted for presentation at the ASSETS'24 conference.
The structure of the folder is as following:
.
└── avatars
|── base avatars # base avatars generated with ReadyPlayerMe
|── inclusive avatars # base avatars combined with disability signifiers
|── scripts # scripts to generate avatars and instructions
└── data
|── figure data # figure data for the correlation matrix and the CI Plots for additional accessibility
└── questionnaires
|── recruitment questions # questions asked in the recruitment phase
|── study questions # questions asked during the diary study period
|── concluding questions # questions after the diary study period
|── interview questions # interview protocol
└── README.md # this file
</code
Investigating the effect of priming on reading performance on electronic devices
Get PDFReading is an activity needed almost everywhere in daily life. Through reading we are not only able to extract meaning from a text, but also to extend our knowledge of the world and to foster other cognitive abilities. In the age of information technology, reading behav-iour has been subject to change. With more information made accessible through the inter-net and e-reading devices, the time spent reading increases. Further, it is reported that read-ing on computers and other electronic devices tends to be shallower and abilities like browsing over a document to get the gist of its content become more important. In this thesis we want to investigate the usage of text visualizations to facilitate the reading activities on electronic devices, with special focus on reading comprehension. We want to make use of the memory psychological "priming effect" by presenting the reader with a visualization of the text's content before the actual reading activity, and thus giving the opportunity to get familiar with the information contained in the text prior to reading. To create those visualizations we developed a first prototype, which is capable of extracting keywords of a text and visualizing them. Additionally, we present certain important design aspects of text visualizations, which were discovered through a preliminary study. The presented concepts were evaluated in a user study and are considered as a starting point for future research. With the contributions of this work we aim to support readers with reading activities. Facilitated reading could help to lower the hurdle to read more and therefore foster the gain of knowledge.Die Fähigkeit des Lesens wird fast überall in unserem Alltag benötigt. Durch Lesen erfas-sen wir nicht nur die Bedeutung eines Texts, sondern erweitern unser Wissen und andere geistige Fähigkeiten. Im IT-Zeitalter ändert sich auch unser Leseverhalten. Über das Inter-net und e-Reader sind mehr Informationen zugänglich und so nimmt auch die Zeit zu, die wir mit Lesen verbringen. Lesen auf elektronischen Geräten neigt Studien zufolge außerdem dazu oberflächlicher zu sein und es wird immer wichtiger, den groben Inhalt eines Texts durch Überfliegen zu erfassen.
In dieser Arbeit soll untersucht werden ob Textvisualisierungen in der Lage sind, das Le-sen auf elektronischen Geräten zu erleichtern, insbesondere in Bezug auf das Textverständnis. Hierzu möchten wir den gedächtnispsychologischen "Priming Effekt" ausnutzen, indem wir dem Leser schon vor dem eigentlichen Lesen eine visuelle Zusammenfassung des Inhalts präsentieren. Diese soll dem Leser ermöglichen, sich schon vor dem Lesen mit den Inhalten des Texts vertraut zu machen. Um solche Visualisierungen zu erstellen, wurde ein Prototyp entwickelt, der automatisch die Schlüsselworte eines Texts extrahiert und diese visuell darstellt. Wichtige Design Eigenschaften von Textvisualisierungen werden eben-falls erläutert. Die vorgestellten Konzepte wurden durch eine Nutzerstudie evaluiert und können Ausgangspunkt für spätere Forschung in diesem Bereich bilden.
Mit den Erkenntnissen dieser Arbeit möchten wir dazu beitragen das Lesen auf elektronischen Geräten zu erleichtern. Unterstütztes und einfacheres Lesen könnte Lesern helfen, mehr zu Lesen und damit schließlich auch den Gewinn neuen Wissens fördern
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Einführung in die Differentialrechnung mit Technologie
No full texteingereicht von Katrin Angerbauer BEdLiteraturverzeichnis: Blatt 69-73Masterarbeit Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg 2019Abstract in Deutsch und Englisc
Einführung in die Differentialrechnung mit Technologie
No full texteingereicht von Katrin Angerbauer BEdLiteraturverzeichnis: Blatt 69-73Masterarbeit Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg 2019Abstract in Deutsch und Englisc
Exploring simplified subtitles to support spoken language understanding
Get PDFUnderstanding spoken language is a crucial skill we need throughout our lives. Yet, it can be difficult for various reasons, especially for those who are hard-of-hearing or just learning to speak a language. Captions or subtitles are a common means to make spoken information accessible. Verbatim transcriptions of talks or lectures are often cumbersome to read, as we generally speak faster than we read. Thus, subtitles are often edited to improve their readability, either manually or automatically.
This thesis explores the automatic summarization of sentences and employs the method of sentence compression by deletion with recurrent neural networks. We tackle the task of sentence compression from different directions. On one hand, we look at a technical solution for the problem. On the other hand, we look at the human-centered perspective by investigating the effect of compressed subtitles on comprehension and cognitive load in a user study. Thus, the contribution is twofold: We present a neural network model for sentence compression and the results of a user study evaluating the concept of simplified subtitles.
Regarding the technical aspect 60 different configurations of the model were tested. The best-scoring models achieved results comparable to state of the art approaches. We use a Sequence to Sequence architecture together with a compression ratio parameter to control the resulting compression ratio. Thereby, a compression ratio accuracy of 42.1 % was received for the best-scoring model configuration, which can be used as baseline for future experiments in that direction. Results from the 30 participants of the user study show that shortened subtitles could be enough to foster comprehension, but result in higher cognitive load. Based on that feedback we gathered design suggestions to improve future implementations in respect to their usability. Overall, this thesis provides insights on the technological side as well as from the end-user perspective to contribute to an easier access to spoken language.Die Fähigkeit gesprochene Sprache zu verstehen, ist ein essentieller Teil unseres Lebens. Das Verständnis kann jedoch aus einer Vielzahl von Gründen erschwert werden, insbesondere wenn man anfängt eine Sprache zu lernen oder das Hörvermögen beeinträchtigt ist. Untertitel erleichtern und ermöglichen das Verständnis von gesprochener Sprache. Wortwörtliche Beschreibungen des Gesagten sind oftmals anstrengend zu lesen, da man weitaus schneller sprechen als lesen kann. Um Untertitel besser lesbar zu machen, werden sie daher manuell oder maschinell bearbeitet.
Diese Arbeit untersucht das automatische Zusammenfassen von Sätzen mithilfe der Satzkompression durch rekurrente neuronale Netzen. Die Problemstellung wird von zwei Gesichtspunkten aus betrachtet. Es wird eine technische Lösung für Satzkompression vorgestellt, aber auch eine nutzerorientierte Perspektive eingenommen. Hierzu wurde eine Nutzerstudie durchgeführt, welche die Effekte von verkürzten Untertiteln auf Verständnis und kognitive Belastung untersucht.
Für die technische Lösung des Problems wurden 60 verschiedene Modellkonfigurationen evaluiert. Die erzielten Resultate sind vergleichbar mit denen verwandter Arbeiten. Dabei wurde der Einfluss der sogenannten Kompressionsrate untersucht. Dazu wurde eine Sequence to Sequence Architektur implementiert, welche die Kompressionsrate benutzt, um die resultierende Rate des verkürzten Satzes zu kontrollieren. Im Bestfall wurde die Kompressionsrate in 42.1 % der Fälle eingehalten.
Die Ergebnisse der Nutzerstudie zeigen, dass verkürzte Untertitel für das Verständnis ausreichend sind, aber auch in mehr kognitiver Belastung resultieren. Auf Grundlage dieses Feedbacks präsentiert diese Arbeit Designvorschläge, um die Benutzbarkeit von verkürzten Untertiteln angenehmer zu gestalten. Mit den Resultaten von technischer und nutzerorientierter Seite leistet diese Arbeit einen Betrag zur Erforschung von Methoden zur Verständniserleichterung von gesprochener Sprache
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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