1,720,983 research outputs found
Out-of-equilibrium physics in driven dissipative coupled resonator arrays
Get PDFCoupled resonator arrays have been shown to exhibit interesting many- body physics including Mott and Fractional Hall states of photons. One of the main differences between these photonic quantum simulators and their cold atoms coun- terparts is in the dissipative nature of their photonic excitations. The natural equi- librium state is where there are no photons left in the cavity. Pumping the system with external drives is therefore necessary to compensate for the losses and realise non-trivial states. The external driving here can easily be tuned to be incoherent, coherent or fully quantum, opening the road for exploration of many body regimes beyond the reach of other approaches. In this chapter, we review some of the physics arising in driven dissipative coupled resonator arrays including photon fermionisa- tion, crystallisation, as well as photonic quantum Hall physics out of equilibrium. We start by briefly describing possible experimental candidates to realise coupled resonator arrays along with the two theoretical models that capture their physics, the Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard and Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians. A brief review of the analytical and sophisticated numerical methods required to tackle these systems is included
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Heritage data-centric research: are FAIR data fair enough?
No full textIn the current trend for e-Science, i.e. collaborative, computationally- or data-intensive research, archaeology is not a laggard. A number of initiatives are addressing how to manage and use data produced by heritage research, most notably the ARIADNE one in the archaeological domain (https://www.ariadne-infrastructure.eu), presently involving the most important research centres from all European countries in creating a comprehensive and integrated archaeological data infrastructure that so far has already registered little less than 2.000.000 archaeological datasets. Such infrastructure, implemented by ARIADNE, is bringing archaeology out of the “long tail of science”, i.e. those disciplines that make little use of data-centric research. It is revolutionising the concept of Big Data: not relatively few datasets, each with terabytes of numbers, as in nuclear physics; but millions of small datasets, all potentially relevant to a specific research question but including a large (and unknown) majority probably irrelevant at all. E-Science relies on the well-known FAIR principles (https://www.force11.org/fairprinciples), stating that data should be Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable. Now, if “F”, “A” and “I” mainly depend on the technical way in which data and metadata are generated, stored, managed and curated, the “R” has less technical (but not less important) implications. It involves theoretical, methodological and epistemological aspects that have not received enough attention in the current debate. It has been argued that e-science discovery could be modelled as a deterministic discovery process; nevertheless, even in this perspective, simply modelling the provenance of data is not sufficient, but the provenance of the hypotheses and results generated from analyzing the data need to be modelled as well. Thus, to reuse data in cultural heritage it is necessary to expand the “R” facet of the FAIR principles at least into R3: Re-usable, Relevant and Reliable. Judging relevance and reliability may appear obvious to a human eye, but it is not to machine processing. Data reliability depends on a chain of trust that needs to be adequately supported by documentation, and on this regard the CIDOC CRM may play a key role. If in the past reference to previous discoveries published in journals and books was based on the academic practice of peer-review and on the authoritativeness of the author and of the publication, re-using data created by others is still lacking a similar good practice.The session will discuss such aspects and propose ways to address the issue. Contributions will come from purely cultural heritage practice (“What would you need to rely on somebody else’s data?”) to semantics (“What would you suggest to document, in order to support reliability?”). Both aspects will be analysed in light of the CRM: does it already provide a sufficiently rich toolbox, or additions are required? If so, which ones
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Quantum simulations with photons and polaritons: merging quantum optics with condensed matter physics
No full textThis book reviews progress towards quantum simulators based on photonic and hybrid light-matter systems, covering theoretical proposals and recent experimental work. Quantum simulators are specially designed quantum computers. Their main aim is to simulate and understand complex and inaccessible quantum many-body phenomena found or predicted in condensed matter physics, materials science and exotic quantum field theories. Applications will include the engineering of smart materials, robust optical or electronic circuits, deciphering quantum chemistry and even the design of drugs. Technological developments in the fields of interfacing light and matter, especially in many-body quantum optics, have motivated recent proposals for quantum simulators based on strongly correlated photons and polaritons generated in hybrid light-matter systems. The latter have complementary strengths to cold atom and ion based simulators and they can probe for example out of equilibrium phenomena in a natural driven-dissipative setting. This book covers some of the most important works in this area reviewing the proposal for Mott transitions and Luttinger liquid physics with light, to simulating interacting relativistic theories, topological insulators and gauge field physics. The stage of the field now is at a point where on top of the numerous theory proposals; experiments are also reported. Connecting to the theory proposals presented in the chapters, the main experimental quantum technology platforms developed from groups worldwide to realize photonic and polaritonic simulators in the laboratory are also discussed. These include coupled microwave resonator arrays in superconducting circuits, semiconductor based polariton systems, and integrated quantum photonic chips. This is the first book dedicated to photonic approaches to quantum simulation, reviewing the fundamentals for the researcher new to the field, and providing a complete reference for the graduate student starting or already undergoing PhD studies in this area
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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