34 research outputs found
Knowledge of urban space through saliency maps and space syntax tools. Experimentation on historic center of Rieti
Get PDFThe 60s of the last century were characterized by a great cultural ferment on the theme of urban space and its transformations resulting from conurbation. The political, social, economic, and environmental implications of this phenomenon were notable, to which we attempted to give both a cultural and scientific response. An important aspect concerned the need to govern urban and territorial transformations, guaranteeing the quality of urban space but, at the same time, safeguarding the memory of the historic centers which, precisely in those years, were undergoing the strong pressure of conurbation dynamics. One of the key studies is undoubtedly The Image of the City by Kevin Lynch from 1960 in which the author analyzes the role of environmental images in the perception of the city and its space. These studies are followed by other equally famous contributions (Cullen, 1961; Rossi, 1966; Norberg-Schulz, 1979) which, by exploring the mechanisms of the individual’s perception of the environment, have given rise to a vast literature in the international field. Experiments in which the authors deal with urban reality, with its experience and the history of the traditional city in an attempt to develop codes to interpret and evaluate not only the characteristics of the physical city, but to look at urban spaces as spaces of relation. Subsequent studies were started from the theories developed by Lynch and Cullen which define different methodologies for analyzing the urban landscape, to support the planning of new interventions and the transformation of pre-existing urban areas. Between the 70s and 80s, a group of researchers from University College London laid the foundations of what is now defined as spatial syntax, also known as configurational theory, applied to studies and analyses of urban space
Modelli conoscitivi dello spazio urbano. Comunicare l'altra Taranto
Get PDFLa ricerca in oggetto si colloca nel campo del disegno che, in quanto strumento di studio, rappresentazione e comunicazione, si configura come mezzo di documentazione e di analisi della città, supportato dalle potenzialità off erte dall’applicazione degli strumenti informatici. L’impostazione metodologica si confi gura come un percorso di documentazione e lettura critica del patrimonio architettonico, dello spazio urbano e del paesaggio, nel quale, oltre ai caratteri fi sici, vengono ricercate quelle connessioni legate alla percezione visiva, intesa come fattore determinante delle scelte e dei comportamenti delle persone immerse in un frammento di città, preso in esame. A partire dallo stato dell’arte, questo studio mira a comprenderne gli eff etti delle caratteristiche visuali dell’ambiente sulla percezione, nei centri storici, in modo completo e accurato, quantifi cando la percezione stessa, ricavando valori che descrivono l’esposizione visiva a più livelli, per mezzo di sistemi di analisi visuale ed elaborazioni di immagini fotografi che attraverso algoritmi specifi ci; i dati raccolti consentono di caratterizzare l’ambiente visivo
lungo percorsi cittadini e piazze, scelti come caso di studio. Inoltre, è possibile ottenere informazioni attraverso la compilazione di sondaggi online, condotti al fi ne di raccogliere dati percettivi bidimensionali. Si è fatto uso, dunque, di una combinazione di sistemi di analisi quantitativa e di descrizione qualitativa; i risultati mostrano che gli attributi degli spazi urbani e i fattori visivi infl uenzano la percezione, i comportamenti e l’apprezzamento delle persone rispetto all’ambiente urbano.
La ricerca in oggetto, nello specifi co, sperimenta modalità di lettura e analisi della città aff erenti alla sintassi spaziale e alle scienze cognitive, che tratteggiano le caratteristiche di un ambiente, attraverso il calcolo di descrittori numerici e stimano la percezione di un individuo che cerca di orientarsi, muovendosi lungo un percorso.This dissertation belongs to the fi eld of drawing, which, as a tool for research, representation, and communication, is configured as a means for documenting and analysing the city, supported by the potential off ered by the application of Information Technology tools. The methodological approach is confi gured as a process of documentation and critical analysis of architectural heritage, urban space, and landscape. In addition to the physical features of urban space, we seek in thisrelational system of built heritage and landscapes those connections linked to visual perception, which we assume as a decisive factor in people’s choices and behaviors in an urban fragment taken as a sample. Starting from the state of the art, this study aims to understand with exhaustiveness and accuracy the eff ects of visual characteristics of the environment on perception in historic city centres. By means of visual analysis systems and photographic image processing through specific algorithms, we quantify the perception and derive values that describe visual exposure at several levels. The data collected allow us to characterise the visual environment along city routes and squares we chose as case study. The data collected, we collected further information through online surveys, in order to record two-dimensional perceptual data. We thus used a combination of systems based on quantitative analysis and qualitative description. Our results show that attributes of urban spaces and visual factors influence people’s perception, behaviour, and appreciation of the urban environment.
The research in question specifi cally experiments with approaches of reading and analysing the city related to ਓpace ਓyntax and cognitive sciences. They outline the features of an environment through calculation of numerical descriptors and also estimate the perception of individuals trying to orient themselves while moving along an itinerary
Destiny (not Allegory): Re-Designing Samonà’s Mediterranean : An (im)Possible Mapping between the ‘Masserìa’ and the House
No full textThe world of Giuseppe Samonà is a world of profound destinies, of furrows that mark the surface of the island in order to move along the marine routes of the Mediterranean and arrive to distant places. Palermo, Naples and Venice thus seem connected by an invisible trace that links childhood gazes to his academic and professional activities. The link between historical imaginary and geographic imaginary finds an echo in the world of the invisible and of architectural composition. A world of forms that clashes with a precise construction of the landscape as succession of thresholds and remembrances, of architectural memories.
In this system the space of the house, the domestic space, is recomposed as fragment and relation of the ancient Sicilian masserìe whose images and mappings persist intact in an elitarian and spiritual organism of compositional relationships. The traces unearthed by the author re-initiate an interrupted dialogue with the Sicilian territory, involving an archetypal adaptation that invests Mediterranean and Atlantic relationships in the re-founding of spatial hierarchies.
The article is to be understood as an exploratory document which, based on “provocation” as analytic tool, leads to a possible spacial codification. A device that plays with the role of the image and of construction as premises for a narrative of the architectural project
La sintassi spaziale per l’analisi diacronica nelle trasformazioni dei centri storici
No full textGli studi e le teorie degli anni 60 riguardanti l’immagine della città e l’analisi degli spazi urbani sono stati ripresi e sviluppati nell’era digitale confluendo in parte nel filone di ricerca della Sintassi Spaziale con interessanti correlazioni con la computer vision e con le neuroscienze.
Alcune di queste applicazioni sono state spe- rimentate su un caso di studio, Porta Cintia a Rieti, anche in relazione ad una analisi dia- cronica delle sue trasformazioni
Habitaciones : Aldo Rossi y la casa en Ghiffa: símbolo, polvo y deseo = Rooms : Aldo Rossi and the house in Ghiffa: symbol, dust and desire
No full textAlong the road that runs along the coast of Lake Maggiore, beyond Verbania in the direction of the border, stands a small house which once belonged to Aldo Rossi. A house for resting after his long trips to the United States and Japan. A world has disappeared. The sequence of images that correspond to the passage of every threshold gather fragments of a precise genesis, a sequence of times and narratives taken from objects, colours and clocks. It is the dream of a lost villa, of something that has already become a myth among the faded Polaroids and the black and white photographs found in archives. Where have all the colours gone, the memories, the objects, their dust? Buried figures which re-emerge in a construction of film frames which alternate between memory and architecture, in that place – Ghiffa – which was the beginning and end in the life of an author
A Comprehensive Analysis of the Genomic and Expressed Repertoire of the T-Cell Receptor Beta Chain in Equus caballus
Get PDFIn this paper, we report a comprehensive and consistent annotation of the locus encoding
the β-chain of the equine T-cell receptor (TRB), as inferred from recent genome assembly using
bioinformatics tools. The horse TRB locus spans approximately 1 Mb, making it the largest locus
among the mammalian species studied to date, with a signifi cantly higher number of genes related to
extensive duplicative events. In the region, 136 TRBV (belonging to 29 subgroups), 2 TRBD, 13 TRBJ,
and 2 TRBC genes, were identifi ed. The general genomic organization resembles that of other
mammals, with a V cluster of 135 TRBV genes located upstream of two in-tandem aligned TRBD-J-C
clusters and an inverted TRBV gene at the 3
′
end of the last TRBC gene. However, the horse b-chain
repertoire would be affected by a high number of non-functional TRBV genes. Thus, we queried a
transcriptomic dataset derived from splenic tissue of a healthy adult horse, using each TRBJ gene as a
probe to analyze clonotypes encompassing the V(D)J junction. This analysis provided insights into
the usage of the TRBV, TRBD, and TRBJ genes and the variability of the non-germline-encoded CDR3.
Our results clearly demonstrated that the horse β-chain constitutes a complex level of variability,
broadly like that described in other mammalian species
Safety considerations when using drugs in pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
No full textIntroduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) mainly affects young females during childbearing age; therefore, reproductive issues are of major interest.Areas covered: Pregnancy planning is crucial to adjust the treatment toward drugs that are safe throughout pregnancy and breastfeeding. The evidence about drug safety is limited to post-marketing surveillance, registries, case series, and case reports, as pregnant patients are excluded from randomized clinical trials. The aim of this review is to report the safety considerations when treating pregnant SLE patients. Regarding maternal side effects of drugs, we focused on metabolic, infectious, and hemorrhagic complications. Fetal safety was analyzed looking at drugs teratogenicity, their possible effects on immune system, and on the long-term neuropsychological development of children.Expert opinion: The management of pregnancy in SLE has changed when knowledge about the safety of drugs has become available. Keeping SLE disease activity under control before, during and after pregnancy is of fundamental importance to ensure the best possible outcomes for mother and child. All these issues must be discussed with the patient and her family during preconception counseling. International efforts in terms of pregnancy registries and reproductive health guidelines help physicians improve their communication with SLE patients
La biblioteca civica di Padova tra Ottocento e Novecento: da Andrea Gloria a Andrea Moschetti
Get PDFThe thesis explores the history of the Civic Library of Padua, highlighting its close connection with the Civic Museum and other related sections. The author emphasizes how this relationship has influenced the evolution and naming of the library over time.
The text places the origins of the Museum in the Restoration period, contextualizing its birth within the historical events of Padua after the fall of the Venetian Republic in 1797. It describes the succession of political regimes, culminating in Austrian domination from 1814 and annexation to the Lombardo-Venetian Kingdom, until the liberation of Padua and its union with the Kingdom of Italy in 1866.
The Museum, officially established in 1858, followed the model of other Venetian institutions, with a tripartite structure comprising Archive, Library, and Artistic and Archaeological Collections. In 1865, the Bottacin Museum of numismatics and medals was added.
The abstract highlights the crucial role of Andrea Gloria, the first director, in developing the Museum during the Austrian period. After Italian unification, the institute strengthened its identity as a guardian of civic memories, despite some difficulties due to the rapid growth of collections.
Finally, it mentions the significant contribution of Andrea Moschetti, director for over 40 years in the first half of the 20th century, who brought the Museum to great fame and development, overcoming the challenges of the First World War
Fennel waste-based films suitable for protecting cultivations
Get PDFBiodegradable, flexible, and moisture-resistant films were obtained by recycling fennel waste and adding to fennel homogenates the bean protein phaseolin that was modified or not modified by the enzyme transglutaminase. All films were analyzed for their morphology, mechanical properties, water vapor permeability, and susceptibility to biodegradation under soil-like conditions. Our experiments showed that transglutaminase treatment of the phaseolin-containing fennel waste homogenates allowed us to obtain films comparable in their mechanical properties and water vapor permeability to the commercial films Ecoflex and Mater-Bi. Furthermore, biodegradability tests demonstrated that the presence of the enzyme in the film-casting sample significantly influences the integrity of such a product that lasts longer than films obtained either with fennel waste alone or with a mixture of fennel waste and phaseolin. These findings indicate the fennel-phaseolin film prepared in the presence of transglutaminase to be a promising candidate for a new environmentally friendly mulching bioplastic
Neurodevelopmental profile in children born to mothers affected by systemic sclerosis
Get PDFBackground: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic immune-mediated connective tissue disease that can affect women of childbearing age. The long-term outcomes of their offspring remain poorly explored. Aim of this study was to detail the neurodevelopmental profile of children born to SSc mothers. Methods: Twenty children (mean age: 96 +/- 4.32 months; 10 males) born to SSc mothers were enrolled. We collected data on clinical history, neurological examination, cognitive profile and adaptive behavior in all subjects. According to the chronological age, we also investigated quality of life, behavioral characteristics, psychological functioning and self-image. Results: All the children had normal neurological examination, cognitive profile and adaptive functioning, except for one (5 %) who suffered from Autism Spectrum Disorder. An important discrepancy was observed between parental and child opinion regarding the perception of quality of life, more compromised in the latter. We documented a risk for internalizing behavioral problems in 2 cases (10 %), for externalizing problems in 3 (15 %), for both in 1 (5 %) and for social and out-of-school activities in 5 (25 %). As regards psychological functioning, evaluated in 11 children, three (28 %) were at risk for anxiety, 1 (9 %) for depressive disorders and other 4 (36 %) for somatic disturbances. Emotional fragility and poor competence in metabolizing one's emotional experiences were observed in 9 out of the 13 subjects assessed (70 %). Conclusions: Children born to SSc women exhibit normal cognitive and adaptive abilities but an increased vulnerability to psychopathological problems and fragility in social functioning. These observations might reflect that children need to feel mature to accept maternal chronic disease that, in turn, may hinder support for offspring's social and emotional development
