9 research outputs found
Preconditions for the Tax Environment of a Alterglobal Development
No full textIn this article, we analyzed economic surroundings as a precondition for the development of the tax environment in the context of alterglobal development. We admitted that economic globalization is harmful to the environment because it depends on its own viability: the constant increase in commodity consumption, the increased use of resources and the growing disposition to pollute waste in the ocean, on the ground, and in the air. So, we proposed considering and analyzing alterglobalization as a process oriented towards self-determination for peoples, communities and nations. In this context, we developed the idea about Environmental Fiscal Reform, including increasing green taxation and the phase-out of environmentally harmful subsidies as well as financial incentives, VAT reductions and tax breaks for green initiatives – providing the perfect conditions for the transition to a circular economy. As the new economy is developing at a rapid pace today – 10% per year, more than three times the global economic growth rate – it has a significant impact on competitiveness
Global Social Sustainability and Inclusion: The “Voice” of Social and Environmental Imbalances
No full textBackground: Global environmental and social research strengthens the protection of people and the environment, develops national capacity for social and environmental management and enables significant progress in terms of transparency, accountability, nondiscrimination and public participation. The support of the general public plays a key role, as it contributes to making public institutions more transparent, accountable and efficient and promotes ground-breaking solutions to complex development challenges. Citizen engagement seems particularly vital throughout the crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic, as the efficiency of response efforts may frequently depend upon micro-level behavioral changes. The objective of this paper is to provide a complex evaluation and rating of countries based on the social component of the global inclusive circular economy, taking into account the shocks and reverberations experienced by the economy as a whole caused by the COVID-19 and war in Ukraine. The results are presented as a global ranking of countries based on the social component of the global inclusive circular economy. They confirm the high value of this component in the integrated indicator, which validates the hypothesis that inclusiveness is a necessary aspect of the global circular economy. The research results identify the countries capable of offering the best management solutions to social disbalances and other weaknesses, as well as the countries in need of model examples to tackle these issues
International convergence towards a climate-neutral economy: modeling the agricultural sector
No full textPurpose. This article aims to construct a comprehensive convergent model for assessing the global and EU’s progress, degree of consolidation and symmetry of agricultural economies towards climate neutrality in the context of key international green initiatives. Methodology / approach. This research employs both qualitative and quantitative analyses to assess convergence measures in the agricultural sector’s carbon emissions. The quantitative component relies on the sigma and beta convergence models to evaluate international convergence in carbon emissions CO2 dynamics. The dimensions of modeling are as follows: global sample within 194 countries with reliable emissions data; European Union, focusing on convergence within the EU27 member states, the United Kingdom, and Ukraine. The time period covers open data from 1972–2022. The dynamics of sigma and beta convergence is determined for the points, namely UN Stockholm Conference (1972), UN Rio Conference (1992), Kyoto Protocol (entry into force in 2005), Paris Agreement (2015). Additionally, statistical indicators of variation, skewness, Gini and Theil indices were calculated for delineating global smoothness and the concentration of agricultural emissions. Results. The results of the study reveal an inertial and divergent trend of the agricultural economy towards decarbonisation, which slows down the overall movement towards “net zero” due to the presence of clubs of lagging agricultural countries that increase emissions in violation of international agreements. The reduction in emissions skewness in recent years shows that more countries are “pulling” decarbonisation due to their high capacity to move towards net zero, but this is not enough. The EU is the most prominent example of accelerated climate convergence, but markers of its weakening in recent years are identified due to the inability of economies to maintain the pace of decarbonisation caused by economic constraints, technological barriers, policy and regulatory issues, and misunderstandings of climate neutrality goals. It is shown that the long-term decarbonisation capacity of the agricultural sector is the key trigger for a country to make a positive contribution to the global convergence towards climate neutrality. At the current stage, the pace of decarbonisation plays a much greater role for consolidating efforts in the agricultural economy and achieving climate neutrality than the initial level of emissions in the sector. Factors in this process include proactive compliance with global climate agreements, technology sharing and cooperation, digitalisation and smart agriculture, and green financing and investment. Its implementation requires a three-way integration of stakeholder actions, strategy selection and results evaluation. Originality / scientific novelty. The study’s originality lies in its large-scale analysis of over 50 years of emissions dynamics and the context of five key green agreements that provided support for the green transition. It allows studying international convergence in agricultural sectors globally and within the EU. The novelty implies the integrated use of sigma and beta convergence models that identifies predictors of convergent and divergent processes and separates countries into leaders and laggards of agricultural decarbonisation. This approach provides a comprehensive view of modern climate policy, the impact of international green initiatives, and the position of individual towards climate neutrality in agriculture. Practical value / implications. The practical value lies in the ability to adjust climate policies for the agricultural economy’s decarbonisation, facilitating the determination of prospective outcomes for achieving climate neutrality. The aforementioned factors facilitate the process of governmental decision-making. The assessment of international programmatic agreements' effectiveness is enhanced through these models. The study offers a framework for global convergence towards climate neutrality in agriculture, highlighting the importance of digital technologies and smart agriculture as significant factors in global convergence
Koncepcja gospodarki inkluzywnej jako składnik zrównoważonego rozwoju
No full textThis research is based on the current issue of the lack of inclusivity in the economy as a hindrance to sustainable development. Governments, organizations, and individuals are considering the issues of inclusive economy on a practical level in the form of programs, strategies, or regulatory documents. The study and consideration of socio-economic processes were conducted through the analysis of scientific activity and its results, providing insights into current interests, problems, and needs of society in conditions of sustainable development. The methodological basis of the research includes general philosophical and general scientific methods. The purpose of this study is cognitive modeling of the concept of inclusive economy as a component of sustainable development. The authors argue and justify that inclusive economy is a crucial component of sustainable development. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors identified four key blocks on which the concept of inclusive economy is built in the context of sustainable development: terminological (defining key terms), fundamental (establishing underlying principles), substantive (identifying specific elements), and applied (practical applications). The concept of an inclusive economy is based on the principle of providing all members of society with free and equal access to resources and results of economic activity, which is essential for achieving sustainable development goals. The paper presents data from the index of inclusive development, which assesses the performance of developing countries in achieving inclusive growth and development. The index takes into account environmental and social issues, which underscores the need for developing an inclusive economy as a crucial component of sustainable development. The proposed concept of an inclusive economy as a component of sustainable development will ensure the appropriate level of inclusive economic growth and development by promoting equity, social inclusion, and environmental sustainability.Artykuł odnosi się do aktualnego problemu braku inkluzywności w gospodarce będący przeszkodą we wprowadzaniu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Rządy, organizacje i osoby prywatne rozważają kwestie gospodarki inkluzywnej na poziomie praktycznym w formie programów, strategii lub dokumentów regulacyjnych. Niniejsze badanie uwzględniające procesy społeczno-gospodarcze przeprowadzono poprzez analizę działalności naukowej i jej wyników, dając wgląd w aktualne interesy, problemy i potrzeby społeczeństwa w warunkach zrównoważonego rozwoju. Podstawę metodologiczną badań stanowią metody ogólnofilozoficzne i ogólnonaukowe. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest modelowanie poznawcze koncepcji gospodarki inkluzywnej jako elementu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Autorzy argumentują i uzasadniają, że gospodarka inkluzywna jest istotnym elementem zrównoważonego rozwoju. Aby osiągnąć cel badania, autorzy zidentyfikowali cztery kluczowe bloki, na których zbudowana jest koncepcja gospodarki inkluzywnej w kontekście zrównoważonego rozwoju: terminologiczny (zdefiniowanie kluczowych pojęć), podstawowy (ustalenie podstawowych zasad), merytoryczny (identyfikacja konkretnych elementów) i stosowane (zastosowania praktyczne). Koncepcja gospodarki inkluzywnej opiera się na zasadzie zapewnienia wszystkim członkom społeczeństwa swobodnego i równego dostępu do zasobów i wyników działalności gospodarczej, co jest niezbędne do osiągnięcia celów zrównoważonego rozwoju. W artykule przedstawiono dane ze wskaźnika rozwoju inkluzywnego, który ocenia skuteczność krajów rozwijających się w osiąganiu wzrostu i rozwoju włączającego. Indeks uwzględnia kwestie środowiskowe i społeczne, podkreśla potrzebę rozwoju gospodarki inkluzywnej jako kluczowego elementu zrównoważonego rozwoju. Proponowana koncepcja gospodarki inkluzywnej jako elementu zrównoważonego rozwoju zapewni odpowiedni poziom wzrostu gospodarczego i rozwoju inkluzywnego poprzez promowanie równości, włączenia społecznego i zrównoważenia środowiskowego
Quantitative Measurement of Glocalization to Assess Endogenous and Exogenous Parameters of Regional Sustainability
No full textGlocalization plays a vital role in promoting regionally embedded sustainable development by enabling territories to adapt global economic impulses to local capacities, values, and institutional frameworks. This paper develops a framework for the quantitative assessment of economic glocalization at the regional level, focusing on the European Union. Drawing on the conceptual metaphor of “refraction”, glocalization is interpreted as a transformation of global economic impulses as they pass through and interact with localized socio-economic structures. The authors construct a Glocalization Index System comprising three sub-indices: (1) Index of Generation of Globalization Impulses, (2) Index of Resistance to Globalization Impulses, and (3) Index of Transformation of Globalization Impulses. Each sub-index integrates normalized indicators related to regional creativity—conceptualized through the four “I”s: Institutions, Intelligence, Inspiration, and Infrastructure—as well as trade and investment dynamics. The empirical analysis reveals substantial interregional variation in glocalization capacities, with regions of Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden, and Finland ranking among the most prominent generators and transformers of globalization impulses. Strong correlations are observed between the Resistance and Transformation indices, supporting the hypothesis that medium resistance levels contribute most effectively to transformation processes. By integrating both global (exogenous) and local (endogenous) dimensions, the proposed framework not only addresses a gap in economic literature but also offers a tool for guiding policies aimed at sustainable, adaptive, and innovation-driven regional development
Innovative Approaches to Transformation of Business Processes in Digital Economy: Ensuring Financial Security and Inclusion
No full textIntroduction: In light of global business development trends, ensuring financial security and inclusion is currently gaining particular relevance. Specifically, financial inclusion has been identified as a factor in achieving nearly half of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The study aims to analyse innovative approaches to the digitalisation of business processes in the context of ensuring financial security and inclusion. The article analyses the essence of modern business transformations in digitalisation.Methods: The specificity of inclusivity and financial security phenomena is explored, modern approaches to functionality and component structure are identified, and their basic principles (quality, access, well-being, and usage) and aspects (usage, coverage, and quality) are highlighted.Development: The study examines prospective directions for the digitalisation of business processes, including using artificial intelligence for user experience analysis, personalisation, mobile applications, and the creation of digital archival systems. The necessity for transforming the corporate culture of modern business players towards critical thinking, creativity, and the implementation of Agile/Scrum principles (team interaction, adaptability, and mobility) is substantiated. The dynamics of business process digitalisation in Ukraine are analysed, and the indicators of financial inclusion based on digital technologies in the Ukrainian financial environment are compared with those in the developed international community.Conclusions: Directions for developing financial security and inclusion through innovative financial technologies are formulated. It is demonstrated that the digitalisation of the business environment serves as a driver of socio-economic development, ensuring financial security and full access to financial services can reduce social inequality, stimulate entrepreneurship, and promote investment activity.Introducción: a la luz de las tendencias mundiales de desarrollo empresarial, garantizar la seguridad y la inclusión financieras está cobrando especial relevancia en la actualidad. En concreto, la inclusión financiera se ha identificado como un factor para alcanzar casi la mitad de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de las Naciones Unidas. El estudio pretende analizar enfoques innovadores para la digitalización de los procesos empresariales en el contexto de garantizar la seguridad y la inclusión financieras. El artículo analiza la esencia de las transformaciones empresariales modernas en la digitalización.Método: se explora la especificidad de los fenómenos de inclusividad y seguridad financiera, se identifican los enfoques modernos de funcionalidad y estructura de componentes y se destacan sus principios básicos (calidad, acceso, bienestar y uso) y aspectos (uso, cobertura y calidad).Desarrollo: el estudio examina las direcciones prospectivas para la digitalización de los procesos empresariales, incluido el uso de la inteligencia artificial para el análisis de la experiencia del usuario, la personalización, las aplicaciones móviles y la creación de sistemas de archivos digitales. Se corrobora la necesidad de transformar la cultura corporativa de los agentes empresariales modernos hacia el pensamiento crítico, la creatividad y la aplicación de los principios Agile/Scrum (interacción en equipo, adaptabilidad y movilidad). Se analiza la dinámica de la digitalización de los procesos empresariales en Ucrania y se comparan los indicadores de inclusión financiera basados en tecnologías digitales en el entorno financiero ucraniano con los de la comunidad internacional desarrollada.Conclusiones: se formulan orientaciones para desarrollar la seguridad y la inclusión financieras mediante tecnologías financieras innovadoras. Se demuestra que la digitalización del entorno empresarial sirve como motor del desarrollo socioeconómico, garantizando la seguridad financiera y el pleno acceso a los servicios financieros puede reducir la desigualdad social, estimular el espíritu empresarial y promover la actividad inversora
SIMPLIFIED TAXATION REGIMES FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES: EXPERIENCE OF EU COUNTRIES AND TRANSFORMATION IN UKRAINE
No full textThe reform of the simplified taxation system is one of the important goals of the state's financial policy, as set out in the National Revenue Strategy until 2030 and Ukraine's integration into the European economic area. The current simplified taxation system in Ukraine is not in line with European practice and is used by large businesses to minimise tax liabilities.
The purpose of the article is to substantiate the options for the simplified taxation system reform in Ukraine in accordance with the National Revenue Strategy until 2030, taking into account the European experience.
The main results of the study. The systematisation and substantiation of the essence of special VAT schemes for SMEs in the EU countries, as provided for by Council Directive 2006/112/EC, were further developed. This made it possible to study the thresholds for VAT registration and application of certain schemes determined by the European Commission and the OECD, and to substantiate practical recommendations and warnings regarding changes in the threshold for VAT registration in Ukraine.
It is proven that simplified taxation of entrepreneurs' income is a rare occurrence in European practice, but in Ukraine, it should be preserved to maintain a favourable business environment and stimulate entrepreneurial activity.
The approaches to the simplified taxation system reform have been improved. They include reducing the number of taxpayer groups by consolidating them; cancelling the possibility to be on the simplified taxation system for legal entities; optimising the amount of net income that gives the right to use this system; and introducing a new methodology for determining the single tax rate for taxpayers of the first group based on the average or minimum wage. The latter innovation will help minimise the effect of artificial business splitting to reduce tax liabilities, stimulate entrepreneurial activity, and generate additional budget revenues. In developing the final parameters of the simplified taxation system reform, it is important to take into account the restrictive effect of the military tax and to provide financial support schemes for SMEs
FINANCIAL PATRIOTISM: THEORETICAL SUBSTANTIATION AND ROLE IN ENSURING THE FINANCIAL SECURITY OF THE STATE
No full textIncreasing the level of financial patriotism among economic agents is a priority determinant of the financial security of the state. The level of financial patriotism is determined by the alignment of the interests of the state and other participants in financial relations, influencing the financial decision-making of economic agents.
The purpose of this study is to deepen the understanding of the concept of financial patriotism, to reveal the forms of its manifestation, and to determine its impact on the financial security of the state.
The article substantiates the concept of financial patriotism as a type of financial behaviour in which participants in financial relations not only express their love for their country but also apply this principle in their daily financial decisions, aligning personal economic interests with societal interests. The following types of financial patriotism have been identified: financial patriotism of public authorities, financial patriotism of the business sector, and financial patriotism of households.
The financial patriotism of public authorities is manifested in the implementation of a consistent fiscal policy that seeks the highest possible harmonization of the interests of the state and taxpayers and fosters partnerships between them; in professional management decisions aimed at the efficient use of public financial resources; and in the implementation of an effective debt policy.
Forms of financial patriotism in the business sector include the proper fulfilment of fiscal obligations by business entities, participation in charitable projects that serve the public interest, engagement in corporate social responsibility programs, charitable support, and the purchase of government debt securities to support national defence needs.
Forms of financial patriotism among the population include participation in state debt financing through the purchase of military government bonds, the proper fulfillment of tax obligations, rejecting unofficial employment without fiscal contributions, and a conscious approach to participating in social transfer programs
