1,720,961 research outputs found
Phytosomes as a Possible Nano-Delivery System for Enhanced Oral Bioavailability and Hepatoprotective Activity of Indigofera barberi
Get PDFIndigofera barberi Gamble, a Fabaceae plant, has traditionally been used to treat skin, renal, and liver problems. Documented phytochemicals include glycosides, steroids, tannins, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. Its low bioavailability and solubility hinder GI absorption. This study sought to improve Indigofera barberi extract bioavailability by making the ethanolic extract more soluble and absorbable. We optimized Indigofera barberi-loaded phytosomes utilizing solvent evaporation. This study developed IBPCs-NPs, a novel phytosome-nanosuspensions for IB shielding, to improve IB bioavailability and hepatoprotection. In in vivo pharmacokinetic studies, the IBPCs-NP formulation had higher plasma concentration and in vitro dissolution rate. IBPCs-NPs also demonstrated stronger hepatoprotective effects in pharmacodynamic studies. Crystalline variation and IB-phospholipid interactions are also physicochemical features of optimized IBPCs-NPs. The synthesised IB phytosomes were cylindrical, smooth-surfaced, and distinct, with a diameter of 332.52 ± 1.54 nm. According to dissolving trials, the enhanced IB phytosomal formulation released silymarin faster and in greater proportions than pure silymarin, with better water solubility (~360 µg/mL). The optimized silymarin phytosomal formulation normalized antioxidant enzymes and helped CCl4-intoxicated cells. In in vivo experiments, it protected the liver from CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The optimized phytosomal formulation enhanced oral silymarin bioavailability compared to pure silymarin. This was shown by six-fold systemic bioavailability. Whole phytosomes may increase water-insoluble phyto-constituent oral bioavailability as phospholipid-based nanocarriers
Studies on statistically optimized binary ethosomal gel encapsulated with Carvedilol: Ex-vivo permeation and Pharmacodynamic assessment in male Wistar albino rats
No full textPharmacological and Phytochemical Evaluation Of Gastric Anti-Ulcer Activity of Parthenium hysterophorus In Different Models
No full textThe cause of ulceration in patients is mainly due to hyper secretion of gastric juice and also due to hyper secretion of pepsin. In traditional system of medicine a number of herbal preparations have been used for the treatment of peptic ulcers. There are various medicinal plants has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. In view of this, in present study we have to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of parathenium hysterophorus. Study was carried out, by using three methods i.e., alcohol, paracetamol and stress induced ulcers in rats pretreated with the doses of 250 mg/kg AQPH and ALPH, 20mg/kg Omeoprazole and 50 mg/kg Ranitidine. To evaluate the antiulcer activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of parathenium hysterophorus leaves (AQPH and ALPH) at 250 doses using different experimentally induced gastric ulcer models in rats. Gastric ulcers were induced in rats by 80% alcohol, paracetamol and forced immersion stress induced methods. In alcohol induced ulcer model, paracetamol induced ulcer model and stress induced model the ulcer index was determined. Where as in stress induced ulcers stress plays an important role in ulcerogenesis. In alcohol-induced ulcers, AQPH and ALPH were effective in reducing lesion index and increasing the gastric mucus content. It was also effective in decreasing ulcer index in paracetamol-induced ulcers. All the results obtained with parathenium hysterophorus were dose dependent. The results suggest that AQPH and ALPH possesses significant and dose dependent antiulcer activity. The antiulcer activity of AQPH and ALPH can be attributed to its cytoprotective and antisecretory action.</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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