1,720,990 research outputs found
Health and sovereignty in the new Asia: visions of development
Get PDFThe article discusses the shift in attitudes toward economic development in countries under colonialism to altered visions of modernization by the 1960's of the so-called "tropical" Asian countries. The failure of many Asian modernization efforts is traced to unrealistic expectations of governmental technologies and applied power to manage high birth, death, and disease rates, and the attempts to control them. In particular, the author concludes that both growing Asian urban centers and the borderlands between nations are least amenable to governmental economic intervention
Selected Bibliography
No full textAgier, Michel. La condition cosmopolite: L’anthropologie à l’épreuve du piège identitaire. Paris: La Découverte, 2013. Alpers, Edward A. The Indian Ocean in World History. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Amrith, Sunil S. Crossing the Bay of Bengal. The Furies of Nature and the Fortunes of Migrants. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2013. Andoche, Jacqueline, Eileen Williams-Wanquet, Michel Watin, eds. Identités, migrations et territoires dans l’océan Indien. Saint-André: Epic..
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Independent India of Plenty: Food, Hunger, and Nation-Building in Modern India
No full textThis dissertation situates debates over food procurement, provision, and hunger as the key economic and social contestations structuring the late colonial and postcolonial Indian state. It juxtaposes the visions of national statesmen against those advanced by party organizers, scientists, housewives, journalists, and international development workers and diplomats. Examining their promises and plans - and the global contexts in which they were made - this project demonstrates how India's "food question" mediated fundamental arguments over citizenship, governance, and the proper relationship between individuals, groups, and the state.Histor
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Healing and Harming: The "Noble Profession" of Medicine in Post-Independence India, 1947-2015
No full textThis dissertation, based on archival research in Marathi, English, and Hindi, explores the history of people’s perceptions of and experiences with biomedical doctors in post-independence India. I analyze and historicize a contemporary dominant narrative among India’s doctors, that the “deterioration” in the patient-doctor relationship has its origins in the intensified privatization and commercialization of healthcare which followed the Indian state’s economic liberalization policies in the 1980s and 1990s. I show that contrary to this understanding, medical practice in India was considerably commercialized, and public dissatisfaction substantial, even in the early post-independence decades (1950s-1970s). I suggest that answers to public distrust in physicians lie less in commercialism and more in the dominance of privileged-caste and -class Indians in the medical profession. This dominance nurtured a caste privilege-based elitist outlook within the mainstream profession and its leadership, and created an insurmountable socioeconomic distance between doctors and the large majority of the public. People in India had trustful relationships less with doctors and more with local, community-based practitioners (who freely practiced many forms of medicine). What doctors deemed as people’s “trust” in them and their profession was often simply a manifestation of people’s general deference toward the elites of the society. This dissonant interpretation has been a constant feature of the narratives around the doctor-society relationship in post-independence India, but has remained largely unacknowledged in the medical and public discourse, and continues to create multiple challenges for healthcare policy today
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Burning Earth
No full textSunil Amrith, Renu and Anand Dhawan Professor of History, Professor of the Environment, Yale University - Sunil Amrith twins the stories of environment and Empire, of genocide and eco-cide, of an extraordinary expansion of human freedom and its planetary costs. Drawing on an extraordinarily rich diversity of primary sources, he reckons with the ruins of Portuguese silver mining in Peru, British gold mining in South Africa, and oil extraction in Central Asia. He explores the railroads and highways that brought humans to new terrains of battle against each other and against stubborn nature. Amrith’s account of the ways in which the First and Second World Wars involved the massive mobilization not only of men, but of other natural resources from around the globe, provides an essential new way of understanding war as an irreversible reshaping of the planet. So too does his book reveal the reality of migration as consequence of environmental harm. The imperial, globe-spanning pursuit of profit, joined with new forms of energy and new possibilities of freedom from hunger and discomfort, freedom to move and explore, has brought change to every inch of the Earth.https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/ideas_of_nature_gallery/1043/thumbnail.jp
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Free and Bound: Abolition and Forced Labor in the French Empire
No full textIn 1817 the French crown began the process of abolishing the Atlantic slave trade, a decade after Britain and the United States. At the same moment, France sought to expand the plantation complex in colonies in Africa and the Indian Ocean to replace the economic profits lost after the Haitian Revolution. Fearful that the end of the slave trade would lead to a shortage of labor, the French colonial government created a system of forced indenture called engagement. Under this system, French merchants purchased African captives, “freed” them, then demanded that the captives work on plantations for fourteen years to pay off the price of their “redemption” (rachat). This dissertation shows that the French forced engagés into a debt relationship that they could never escape, despite promises of eventual liberation from bondage. When engagement began, the French had easy access to slaving markets on which they could buy engagés. As the nineteenth century progressed, abolitionism made purchasing engagés increasingly difficult—and controversial—and wage labor remained prohibitively high for many French plantation owners. Faced with potential labor shortages, French colonists became determined to keep engagés in their service and began using legal sleights of hand to extend the contract beyond the original terms. Engagés found themselves unable to escape the debt forced upon them at their “redemption” because as time went on, abolitionism made their labor more valuable. This dissertation shows how the end of slaving and slavery led to a proliferation of indebted black labor that remade plantation economies in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans
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