25 research outputs found
Kontribusi zakat, infak, sadaqah dan wakaf terhadap civil society (studi kasus di Yayasan Solopeduli Surakarta)
This research aims to describe the contributions of zakat, infak, s}adaqah and wakaf (Islamic philanthropy) toward the civil society movements in Indonesia and the problems surrounding it. This study raised the case of Yayasan Solopeduli Surakarta, an Islamic philanthropy management agencies. This research uses the socilogical approache of law. The primary data sources are administrators and managers, and agency activities organized by the Yayasan Solopeduli Surakarta. Secondary data are relevant papers, brochures and dictionaries. Data were collected by interview and observation and documentation. Data analysis was performed with a fixed ratio (constant comparative method) which includes datareduction, categorization and synthesization, as well as the formulation of an answer. In the analysis process, the data are associated with theories of civil society.The findings of this research show that zakat, infak, s}adaqah and wakaf managed by Yayasan Solopeduli Surakarta contributes to the formation of the pillar of civil society and the enforcement of civil society values. Firsly the charity value as showed by existence of the agency that always builds the care spirit of the haves for the poor, as well asby most its programs that offer free service concept, in the field of education, health, and other public service. Secondly, the independence value, especially from the aid of the government. The impact is, thatthe agency moves freely by itself paradigm. Thirdly juctice value as showed by the most programs that support the poor society. However, actually the agency is far from, but doesn’t recognize the civil society discourse as seen by the west. That is why, it doesn’t go along with the contemporery issue of civil society, such as democracy and gender equality. The interpretation of mustahiq surrounds the classic one
KEBIJAKAN LEGISLATIF DALAM RANGKA PERLINDUNGAN IDEOLOGI DAN KONSTITUSI NEGARA DENGAN HUKUM PIDANA
Ideologi dan konstitusi negara merupakan bagian tak terpisahkan dari
negara. Keduanya merupakan ruh bagi negara bersangkutan . Oleh sebab itu
keduanya sepantasnya dilindungi dari segala ancaman.Di Indonesia ancaman
terhadap ideology negara Pancasila telah terjadi dengan meletusnya
pemberontakan PKI pada tahun 1948 dan 1965. Di era globalisasi ini ancaman
serupa bisa datang tidak saja dari Komunisme, tatapi juga paham lain yang
bertentangan dengan ideologi Pancasila. Ancaman terhadap konstitusi belum
secara nyata terjadi, namun harus diwaspadai.. Ancaman terhadap ideology negara
juga merupakan Oleh sebab itu konstitusi sepantasnya juga dilindungi.
Ada bermacam-macam sarana untuk melindungi ideologi dan konstitusi
negara, salah satunya adalah dengan menggunakan hukum pidana. Berkaitan
dengan penggunaan hukum pidana sebagai sarana perlindungan ideology dan
konstitusi negara, ada beberapa persoalan, diantaranya adalah mengapa hukum
pidana perlu dipergunakan dalam upaya perlindungan ideologi dan konstitusi
negara, bagaimana kebijakan, terutama kebijakan legislatif dalam rangka
perlindungan ideology dan konstitusi negara dalam hukum positip sekarang ini
dan bagaimana seyogyanya pada masa yang akan datang. Persoalan-persoalan
tersebut merupakan pokok permasalahan yang dijawab dalam penelitian ini.
Sesuai dengan pokok permasalahan, penelitian ini dilakukan dengan
pendekatan kebijakan. Tipe penelitian ini adalah deskriptif-preskriptif untuk
menjelaskan permasalahan sekarang dan yang akan datang. Penelitian ini adalah
penelitian kepustakaan dengan jenis data sekunder sebagau data utama.Data
dikumpulkan dengan metode dokumentasi. Data disajikan dan dianalisis secara
kualitatif, bertolak dari analisis yuridis, berdasarkan model interaktif yang
berkisar pada empat siklus, yaitu koleksi data, reduksi data, penyajian dan
verifikasi.
Ada lima Undang-undang yang menjadi bahan utama, yaitu UU No 27
Tahun 1999 tentang perubahan terhadap Pasal 107 KUHP, UU No 31 tahun 2002
tentang Partai Politik, UU No 12 Tahun tentang Pemilu DPR, DPD, Dan DPRD,
UU No 23 tahun 2003 tentang Pemilu Presiden Dan Wakil Presiden, dan UU No
32 tahun 2004 tentang Otonomi daerah.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa
hukum pidana perlu digunakan untuk melindungi ideologi dan konstitusi negara
berdasarkan alasan filosofis, politis, yuridis, historis dan sosiologis. Ruang
lingkup tindak pidana dalam hukum positip sekarang meliputi perbuatan
menyebarkan dan mengembangkan paham Komunisme/Marxisme-Leninisme,
menyatakan keinginan meniadakan atau mengganti dasar negara Pancasila,
mendirikan oraganisasi berpaham Komunisme/Marxisme-Leninisme, dan
mempersoalkan Pancasila dan Pembukaan/UUD 1945. Sistem
pertanggungjawaban berdasarkan atas asas kesalahan, sementara system
pemidanaan masih mengacu pada KUHP W.v.S. Pada masa yang akan akan
hendaknya diperhatikan beberapa hal. Dalam lingkup tindak pidana perlu rumusan
asas legalitas, kriminalisasi perbuatan yang membahayakan/mengancam konstitusi
dalam KUHP, Perubahan beberapa pasal dan sinkronisasi antar pasal. Dalam
kaitannya dengan pertanggungjawaban pidana, perlu rumusan badan hukum
sebagai pelaku yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sedangkan dalam hal sistem
pemidanaan perlu perumusan jenis pidana baru, yaitu tutupan untuk menunjukkan
sifat terhormatnya kejahatan politik, termasuk kejahatan terhadap ideologi dan
konstitusi negara.
Ideology and constitution are insparable parts of state.They are inherent in
and the spirit of it.That is why ti is reasonable for the state to protect them from
any danger.In Indonesia the danger happened evidently in 1948 and 1965 by the
rebellion of Indonesian Communist Party. The such danger is not only from
Communism but also other ideology, moreever in the globalization era. The
danger against the contitution has not happened evidently, but its probability must
be prevented. Actually the danger against ideology is danger against constitution
too.
There are some tools to protect ideology and constitution. One of them is
penal law. But the use of it has to be selectively and attentively. There are some
problems in connection with the use of penal law, such as it is necessary to use
penal law, how the present penal law policy is and how it ought to be in the
future. The three are the main problem to be answered in this research.
According to the main problems, this research uses the policy approach.
The type of this research is descriptive and prescriptive to describe the present
penal policy and the future penal policy ought to be. This research is library one
with secondary data type as the primary data. Data collection uses documentation
method. Data is served and analized qualitively. There are four steps to analyze
data. They are collection, reduction, serve and verification.
There are five laws to be researched. They are UU No 27 Tahun 1999 , UU
No 31 tahun 2002, UU No 12 tahun 2003, UU No 23 Tahun 2003 and UU No 32
Tahun 2004.The result of this research shows that the necessity of using penal
law to protect ideology and constitution based on philosophic, political,legal,
historical and sociological reason.The acts in the present penal policy are
spreading and developing communism, nullifying and changing Pancasila as the
state ideology,setting up an organization based on communism, and quesoning
Pancasila and preambule/UUD 1945. The penal responbility based on
culpabilitas principle, while the sentencing system refer to KUHP W.v.S.
In the future, penal policy must attentive the following. In connection with
act, it is necessary to formulate the materiil legality prinsiple, acts danger against
contitution in KUHP and to improve some act formulations. In connection with
responbility system, it is necessary to formulate corporation as the responsible
person. In connection with sentencing system, it is necessary to formulate special
punishment for the political crime, such crime against ideology and constitution.
It is necessary too to formulate the sentencing guidance
Sertifikasi Produk Halal: Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dan Thailand
AbstractThis research is intended to describe the relationship between religion and State in handling the Halal products certification in Indonesia and Thailand. Halal certification in Indonesia was initially civil society movement that supported by the state, which is taken by LPPOM MUI. The main objective was to protect Muslim from Haram products. However, by coming out of law no. 33 2014 about halal product guarantee, the halal certification will be carried out by the state institution, that is Security Agency Halal Products known as BPJPH. While in Thailand, Halal product certification is the authority of Central Islamic Council of Thailand (CICOT) which is similar to the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). In Thailand, Halal product certification has much giving supports to the government economic, especially for the purpose of exporting food to the Muslim countries and also to attract Muslim tourist to visit Thailand. Keywords: Religion, Country, Halal Certification AbstrakPenelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan antara agama dan negara dalam penanganan sertifikasi produk halal di Indonesia dan Thailand. Indonesia pada awalnya sertifikasi halal merupakan gerakan civil society yang didukung negara, yaitu LPPOM MUI. Tujuan utamanya adalah melindungi umat islam dari barang-barang haram. Namun dengan keluarnya Undang-undang Nomor 33 Tahun 2014 Tentang Jaminan Produk Halal, penanganan sertifikasi halal akan dilakukan oleh lembaga negara, yaitu Badan penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH). Sedangkan di Thailand sertifiksi halal menjadi wewenang penuh Central Islamic Council Of Thailand (CICOT), semacam MUI di Indonesia. Di Thailand sertifikasi produk halal sangat membantu negara di sektor ekonomi, terutama untuk kepentingan ekspor makanan ke negara-negara muslim serta menarik wisatawan muslim ke Thailand. Kata Kunci: Agama, negara, sertifikasi hala
