1,721,246 research outputs found
Alger, de la fondation ziride à la capitale régionale(Xe-XVe siècle)
No full textInternational audienceAmong the ancient cities of the Maghreb that lost their roles at the end of the Roman era is Icosium; the city which was founded under the name of Algiers des Banī Mazġanna (or Algiers in brief) shortly after the middle of the IVth Century Hegira/ AD Xth. A century later, Algiers became the capital of an administrative district, controlling a territory called the ‘lands of Ṣanhāğa’ by textual sources. This status to be confirmed in the following centuries when it was coveted by rival dynasties which wanted to restore Almohads political goals. In the Hegira X th Century/ AD XVth, a central power was established in this city for the first time, Algiers then became the capital of the principality of Ṯa‘āliba, made up of an Arab tribe which was infiltrated in the Mitidja plain, taking advantage of the regression of the state Monarchy in the region. This article discusses all phases of Algiers’ Medieval history and its urban, political, and economic transformation in particular. To do so, the different types of sources were used, including archaeological data
Alger et la tribu des Tha'aliba: fondation et évolution d'une cité médiévale
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The urban and commercial development of Bougie in the Middle Ages
No full textInternational audienceThe city of Bougie experienced a significant urban and commercial evolution after its foundation in 1067. It became an important economic center of the Maghreb and integrated the Mediterranean economic area at the end of the Middle Age
La Qal‘a des Banī Ḥammād : l’histoire d’un déclin
No full textInternational audienceThe present article traces the history Qal‘at Banī Ḥammād from the last years of the Ḥammādid period up to its disappearance at the beginning of the 16th century. Built in 398/1007-1008 Qal‘at Banī Ḥammād was the political and economic capital of the central Maghreb during the 11th century. After the transfert of the Ḥammādid court to Bidjāya the older capital of the Ḥammādid began to decline notable in the reign of the prince Yaḥyā b. al-‘Azīz. The attaks led by the Almohads and ‘Alī b. Ghāniyya of Majorca in 547/1153 and 581/1184 respectely, transformed Qal‘at Banī Ḥammād into a simple small town wich survived from the 13th century until the beginning of the 16 th century
Pouvoir, économie et société dans le Maghreb hammadide (395-1004/547-1152)
No full textThe Hammadids founded a central power in the Maghreb in 395/1004, marking the end of the Arab period in this region. This thesis proposes to study the transformation of the political structures of a Berber tribal organization into a monarchy, in the light of the cyclic scheme formulated by Ibn Khaldoun. The maintenance of tribal structures and the integration of Eastern state institutions characterizing the political organization set up by the Berber dynasty of the Hammadids. The emergence of this central power gave birth to a new political space called the central Maghreb. This new power organized a predominantly agricultural economic life. He founded two commercial metropolises, the Qal'a of the Bani Hammad and Bidjaya, which experienced significant growth. Its high agricultural yields allowed the Hammadid Maghreb to supply the cities of al-Andalus and Sicily with cereals. Nevertheless, several factors accumulated to cause the economy of the Maghreb to regress at the end of the Hammadid era: global warming, Hilalian depredations or Berber tribes and Norman raids. Supported by power, Malikism extended its domination over the main regions of the Hammadid territory, to the detriment of Shi'ism, Hanafism and Ibadism. Only this last doctrine resisted and became structured, but losing ground in the northern regions.Les Hammadides fondèrent un pouvoir central au Maghreb en 395/1004, marquant la fin de la période arabe dans cette région. Cette thèse se propose d'étudier la transformation des I structures politiques d'une organisation tribale berbère en une monarchie, à la lumière du schéma cyclique formulé par Ibn Khaldoun. Le maintien de structures tribales et l'intégration d'institutions étatiques orientales caractérisant l'organisation politique mise en place par la dynastie berbère des Hammadides. L'émergence de ce pouvoir central donna naissance à un nouveau espace politique nommé le Maghreb central. Ce nouveau pouvoir organisa une vie économique à dominante agricole. Il fonda deux métropoles commerciales, la Qal'a des Bani Hammâd et Bidjâya, qui connurent un essor important. Ses rendements agricoles importants permettaient au Maghreb hammadide de ravitailler les villes d'al-Andalus et de la Sicile en céréales. Néanmoins, plusieurs facteurs se sont accumulés pour faire régresser l'économie du Maghreb à la fin de l'époque hammadide : le réchauffement du climat, les déprédations hilaliennes ou de tribus berbères et les raids normands. Soutenu par le pouvoir, le malikisme étendit sa domination sur les principales régions du territoire hammadide, au détriment du shi'sme, du hanafisme et de l'ibadisme. Seule cette dernière doctrine résista et se structura, mais en perdant du terrain dans les régions septentrionales
Alger, de la fondation ziride à la capitale régionale(Xe-XVe siècle)
No full textInternational audienceAmong the ancient cities of the Maghreb that lost their roles at the end of the Roman era is Icosium; the city which was founded under the name of Algiers des Banī Mazġanna (or Algiers in brief) shortly after the middle of the IVth Century Hegira/ AD Xth. A century later, Algiers became the capital of an administrative district, controlling a territory called the ‘lands of Ṣanhāğa’ by textual sources. This status to be confirmed in the following centuries when it was coveted by rival dynasties which wanted to restore Almohads political goals. In the Hegira X th Century/ AD XVth, a central power was established in this city for the first time, Algiers then became the capital of the principality of Ṯa‘āliba, made up of an Arab tribe which was infiltrated in the Mitidja plain, taking advantage of the regression of the state Monarchy in the region. This article discusses all phases of Algiers’ Medieval history and its urban, political, and economic transformation in particular. To do so, the different types of sources were used, including archaeological data
Alouani, Salah, Tribus et marabouts. A‘rāb et walāya dans l’intérieur de l’Ifrīqiya entre le VIe/XIIe et le XIIe/XVIIIe siècles, Helsinki, Academia Scientiarum Fennica, série « Humaniora », n.º 358, 2010, 307 pp.
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Al-Raqîq al-Qayrawânî and the development of historical thought in the medieval Maghreb
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La transmission du savoir historique au Maghreb et al-Andalus à la fin du Moyen Âge
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