178,595 research outputs found
Xenoacremonium palmarum M. Amani, M. Mehrabi-Koushki & R. Farokhinejad 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Xenoacremonium palmarum</i> M. Amani, M. Mehrabi-Koushki & R. Farokhinejad, <i>sp</i>. <i>nov</i>. (Fig. 2) <p> <b>MycoBank</b>: <b>MB849595</b></p> <p> <i>Holotype</i>: IRAN, Khuzestan Province, Ahvaz, isolated from rotten root of <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> (Palmaceae), May 2021, <i>M. Amani</i> (holotype, IRAN 18302F; ex-type cultures, IRAN 4860C = SCUA-Am-A29).</p> <p> <i>Etymology</i>. The species epithet “ <i>palmarum</i> ” reflects the host plant.</p> <p> <b>Asexual morph on PDA:</b> <i>Hyphae</i> hyaline, septate, branched, 1.5–2.5 µm in diam. <i>Sporulation</i> from lateral phialidic pegs not observed. <i>Conidiophores</i> arose laterally from aerial hyphae, hyaline, straight or slightly curved, subcylindrical, commonly unbranched, but rarely one-times dichotomously branched, 0–2(–3)-septate, smooth, (16.5–)24.5–54.5(–60) × (1.2)1.8–2.6 μm, 95% confidence limits = 34.5–39.5 × 2.1–2.2 μm, (x̅ ± SD = 36.5 ± 9.8 × 2.1 ± 0.3 μm, n = 60), terminating in one or two conidiogenous cells. <i>Conidiogenous cells</i> terminal, hyaline, smooth, cylindrical to subulate, tapering towards apex (11.5–)14.5–37.5(–48) × 1.2–2.5 μm, 95% confidence limits = 21.5–25 × 1.8–1.9 μm, (x̅ ± SD = 23 ± 7 × 1.9 ± 0.3 μm, n = 60), apex 0.6–1.2 μm in diam. <i>Conidia</i> formed abundantly in slimy heads at apex of conidiogenous cells, aseptate, ellipsoidal to fusiform or falcate, curved, smooth, pointed at both ends, (2.9–)3.1–9.9 × 1–2.1 µm, 95% confidence limits = 5.1–6 × 1.3–1.5 μm, (x̅ ± SD = 5.5 ± 1.7 × 1.4 ± 0.3 μm, n = 60). <i>Chlamydospores</i> not observed. <b>Sexual morph:</b> not observed.</p> <p>Culture characteristics—The colonies diameter on PDA, CMA, and OA were 43–46, 56–62, and 19–20 mm after 14 days of incubation at 25 ± 1° C, respectively. Colonies on PDA circular with filiform margin, pale vinaceous to rosy vinaceous, floccose with abundant aerial mycelium; reverse pale vinaceous. Colonies on CMA circular with regular margin, white, floccose, radiate, with aerial mycelium; reverse pale vinaceous. Colonies on OA circular with undulate to entire margin, white, cottony with abundant aerial mycelium; reverse white to pale vinaceous.</p> <p> <i> <i>Additional materials examined</i>.</i> IRAN, Khuzestan Province, Karoon, isolated from rotten root of <i>P. dactylifera</i>, Sep. 2021, M. Amani (SCUA-Am-A29-1, SCUA-Ama-A29-2, and SCUA-Ama-A30); Bushehr Province, Ab pakhsh, isolated from rotten root of <i>P. dactylifera</i>, Sep. 2023, M. Amani <b>(</b> SCUA-Ama-A30-1, SCUA-Ama-A30-2).</p> <p> <i>Notes</i>: Phylogenetically, <i>Xenoacremonium palmarum sp. nov.</i>, grouped with <i>X. allantoideum, X. falcatum</i> and <i>X. minutisporum</i> (Fig. 1). Nucleotide comparison of <i>X. palmarum</i> with <i>X. falcatum</i> revealed that these two species share 97% sequence identity in the <i>tub2</i> gene (335 bp) attributed to 9 SNPs and 2 bp insertion/deletion, and 90 % sequence identity in the <i>tef1α</i> gene (420 bp) attributed to 21 SNPs and 22 bp insertion/deletion. In addition, <i>X. palmarum</i> and <i>X. minutisporum</i> shared 93.2 % sequence identity in the <i>tef1α</i> gene (265 bp) attributed to 10 SNPs and 8 bp insertion/ deletion. Both <i>X. allantoideum</i> and <i>X</i>. <i>palmarum</i> differ from <i>X. falcatum</i> and <i>X. minutisporum</i> in not having lateral phialidic pegs on its somatic hyphae, a feature which has not also been reported for <i>X. recifei</i> (Gams, 1971, Lombard <i>et al.</i> 2015, Roeun <i>et al.</i> 2022, Hou <i>et al</i>. 2023). Conidia in <i>X. falcatum</i> are more curved than those in <i>X. palmarum</i> and <i>X. minutisporum</i> (Gams 1971, Lombard <i>et al.</i> 2015). Furthermore, <i>X. palmarum</i> differs from <i>X. allantoideum</i> in having longer conidia (3.1–9.9 vs 3.6–6 μm) and by the lack of mycelial ropes and verticillately branched conidiophores (Hou <i>et al</i>. 2023).</p>Published as part of <i>Amani, Majid, Farokhinejad, Reza & Mehrabi-Koushki, Mehdi, 2023, Xenoacremonium palmarum sp. nov., a novel species associated with Phoenix dactylifera in Iran, pp. 165-174 in Phytotaxa 632 (2)</i> on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.632.2.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10438497">http://zenodo.org/record/10438497</a>
Ectoedemia amani Svensson 1966
No full text46. Ectoedemia amani Svensson, 1966 Host-plants. Unknown in the Crimea; possibly Ulmus spp. Type of distribution (chorological group). Trans-Palaearctic; the species is widespread in Europe, also known from the Caucasus (Azerbaijan), Russian Far East (Primorskiy Kray), Kuril Islands (Kunashir), China (Heilongjiang), and Japan. Remarks. The species is included in the checklist on the basis of previously published data by Puplesis (1994), Puplesis & Diškus (2003), Budashkin (2004), van Nieukerken et al. (2010), and Stonis et al. (2013).Published as part of Navickaitė, Asta, Diškus, Arūnas & Stonis, Jonas R., 2014, An updated checklist of Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) of the Crimea, Sub-Mediterranean SE Europe, pp. 151-202 in Zootaxa 3847 (2) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3847.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25166
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Grammaticalization of spatial adpositions in Nànáfwê
No full textBohoussou A, Skopeteas S. Grammaticalization of spatial adpositions in Nànáfwê. In: Verhoeven E, Skopeteas S, Shin Y-M, Nishina Y, Helmbrecht J, eds. Studies on Grammaticalization. Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs [TiLSM]. Vol 205. Berlin: de Gruyter; 2008: 77-104
Investigation of the environmental control on the phytoplankton and bacterioplankton in two contrasting temperate estuaries
No full textFrequent measurements of the physical‐chemical parameters and biologicalcomponents of estuaries are key for assessing the ecological status of thesetransitional waters. Little is known about the microbial community composition oftwo temperate South Coast UK estuaries, Southampton Water and ChristchurchHarbour (Mudeford Quay). The aim of this research project was to investigate howchanges in the abundance and dynamics of the dominant phylogenetic heterotrophicbacteria populations relate to major physical‐chemical parameters duringphytoplankton bloom periods in the spring and summer months in these twoestuaries.During 2013 in Southampton Water, the spring phytoplankton bloom occurred whenthe water temperature was below 10°C whereas in Christchurch Harbour it occurredat 14°C, and in the following years in Southampton Water at 14 °C and 15 °C, in 2014and 2015, respectively. The spring bloom chlorophyll a concentrations inSouthampton Water never exceeded 10 μg L‐1 in all three years while in ChristchurchHarbour a major peak in spring 2013 reached 44 μg L‐1. Surface salinity inSouthampton Water showed a narrow range of 27‐33 whereas, at Mudeford Quay atthe entrance to Christchurch Harbour a much larger range was detected of 1.3‐22.The concentration of inorganic nutrients detected between the two estuaries fornitrate, phosphate and silicate had a much higher range in Christchurch Harbourcompared to Southampton Water reflecting the contribution from different riversources. Identifying the biological components the influence of the physical‐chemicalcontrols affecting their dynamics and succession. The phytoplankton community inSouthampton Water was assessed from HPLC pigment analysis coupled withmicroscopic counts, and indicated diatoms (Skeletonema sp., Thalassiosira sp., andChaetoceros sp.) dominated the spring bloom and dinoflagellates dominated summerbloom with major species Scripsiella sp. and Prorocentrum sp.Nucleic acid staining (DAPI and SYBR Green I) was applied to 1% (PFA) preservedwater samples for total enumeration of bacterioplankton. A cytosense flowcytometry slightly overestimated the concentration of bacteria compared to DAPIcell counts determined using a fluorescent microscope mainly during thephytoplankton spring and summer blooms but overall with significant correlationbetween the two methods for Southampton Water and Christchurch Harbour (r =0.87, r = 0.85, p <0.0001, n = 32 respectively). Fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) with oligonucleotide probes was used to determine the abundance anddominance of various heterotrophic bacteria groups in samples from both estuariesand theses related to environmental conditions. Betaproteobacteria showed a strongnegative significant correlation with salinity (r = ‐0.95, p <0.0001, n = 29) in the twoestuaries indicating they favour fresh water systems. Alpha‐, andGammaproteobacteria were detected with variable significant correlation withtemperature and salinity. However, only a moderate correlation was observedbetween the phylogenetic groups and Chl‐a concentrations highlighting the fact thatheterotrophic bacteria may utilize organic carbon from other sources in theestuarine system. A principal component analysis (PCA), indicated temperature tobe the most influence on bacteria domain levels (Eubacteria and Euryarchaea).Whereas, at phylogenetic class level proteobacterial phyla, salinity and Chl‐a werethe most influence on their abundance and succession
Eudorylas amani Foldvari 2003
No full textEudorylas amani Földvári, 2003 (Figs 13A–G) Eudorylas amani Földvári 2003 b: 280. Diagnosis: Third antennal segment long acuminate. S7 visible, epandrium broad and curves along outer edge; ST8 small compared to epandrium; SES with several hairs; gonopods very small, not protruding at all; phallic guide with two lobes on each side in ventral view, pointed tip in lateral view. Type material: Tanzania : 1♂, HT, Usambara Mts., Amani, 1000m, 1.1.1976, O. Lomholdt leg (ZMUC); 1♂, PT, East Usambara, Amani, 1000m, 1.ii.1977., Zool. Mus. Copenhagen, H. Enghoff, O. Lomholdt, O. Martin leg. (HNHM) Other material examined: Kenya: 1♂, Mt. Kenya., Kathita river., 9,900ft., 7.viii.1949., J.A. Riley.; " O.U.E.C. Exp, Mt Kenya, B.M. 1949-562."; "56" [hand-written](BMNH); South Africa: 1♂, Natal, St. Lucia Nature Res., 2832AD, 18–20.xii.1981, Londt & Stuckenberg, Coastal bush & forest (NMSA). [these specimens were examined after the original description and type selection, therefore they are not part of the type series] Male Head. Third antennal segment long acuminate; yellow-brown. Face silvery pollinose. Frons, upper part shining black, lower part silvery pollinose; eyes touching for distance equal to 3–3.5 times ocellar triangle. Occiput, lower half greyish pollinose, upper half slightly brownish. Thorax. Humeri pale brown. Mesonotum (viewed obliquely from front) brownish pollinose, somewhat greyish along anterior margin; silvery pollinose from the side. Scutellum grey pollinose, with 4–6 pairs of short, weak hairs. Dorsocentral hairs very weakly developed. Halter yellow-brown. Legs. Trochanters and base of femora dark brown, femora dark brown with greyish pollinosity (f3 shining posteroventrally), knees yellow, tibiae yellow with faint dark ring in the middle. Tarsal segments yellow, last segment dark brown. Ventroapical row of 6–7 short, black spines on mid femora; no spines on 1st and 3rd femur. Subapical (distal) spines on first four tibiae present. No anteromedial hairs on 3rd tibia. Hind trochanter covered with fine white pubescence on ventral side. Pulvilli slightly shorter than last tarsal segment. Wing. Fourth costal section 0.8–1 times as long as third costal section. Cross-vein R-M before 1/3 of discal cell. Pterostigma coloured on distal 4/5. Hairs on tegula missing. Abdomen. Viewed obliquely from front tergites brownish pollinose, T1–4 with silvery patches laterally in dorsal view, T5 completely greyish; sides of all tergites silvery pollinose. Hairs dispersed, short and weakly developed. Laterally short pale hairs on first tergite. Postabdomen in dorsal view: S7 visible; T5 1.3 times as long as ST8. Genitalia without dissection: Generally dark brown to black, no m.a., EP and SS yellow. Genitalia. Surstyli asymmetrical, IS longer; epandrium broad and curves along outer edge; ST8 small compared to epandrium (Fig. 13B). Borders of SES uncertain, with several hairs; gonopods very small, not protruding at all; phallic guide with two lobes on each side in ventral view (Fig. 13G), pointed tip in lateral view (Figs 13A, D); phallus not found (may be lost); ejaculatory apodeme linear; sperm pump round with one process (Fig. 13E). Female—Unknown. Distribution— Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania.Published as part of FÖLDVÁRI, MIHÁLY, 2013, Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of the tribe Eudorylini (Diptera, Pipunculidae), pp. 1-121 in Zootaxa 3656 (1) on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3656.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/603912
Amani – Auf den Spuren einer kolonialen Forschungsstation in Tansania
No full textDie Forschungsstation Amani in Tansanias Usambara-Bergen liegt heute weitgehend brach – gegründet als landwirtschaftliches Institut während der deutschen Besatzung war sie später führendes britisches und tansanisches Institut für tropenmedizinische Forschung. Wie leben Mitarbeiter und Bewohner nun mit den Überresten dieses wissenschaftlich-modernistischen Projektes? Und was können Sozialanthropologen, Historiker und Künstler gemeinsam mit solch einem Ort tun, mit seinen Widersprüchen von vergangenen Zukünften und gegenwärtigem Stillstand, von kolonialer Gewalt und fortschrittlichen kollektiven wie individuellen Hoffnungen? Eine interdisziplinäre Auseinandersetzung mit materiellen Spuren vergangener und gescheiterter Zukunftsentwürfe, deren Ursprung in der kolonialen Besetzung Ostafrikas durch deutsche Truppen, Beamte, Siedler und Wissenschaftler liegt
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Amani – Auf den Spuren einer kolonialen Forschungsstation in Tansania
No full textDie Forschungsstation Amani in Tansanias Usambara-Bergen liegt heute weitgehend brach – gegründet als landwirtschaftliches Institut während der deutschen Besatzung war sie später führendes britisches und tansanisches Institut für tropenmedizinische Forschung. Wie leben Mitarbeiter und Bewohner nun mit den Überresten dieses wissenschaftlich-modernistischen Projektes? Und was können Sozialanthropologen, Historiker und Künstler gemeinsam mit solch einem Ort tun, mit seinen Widersprüchen von vergangenen Zukünften und gegenwärtigem Stillstand, von kolonialer Gewalt und fortschrittlichen kollektiven wie individuellen Hoffnungen? Eine interdisziplinäre Auseinandersetzung mit materiellen Spuren vergangener und gescheiterter Zukunftsentwürfe, deren Ursprung in der kolonialen Besetzung Ostafrikas durch deutsche Truppen, Beamte, Siedler und Wissenschaftler liegt
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