1,647 research outputs found
Getting involved and staying involved in academic research: Exploring the impact of exercise on cognition in older adults
No full textThis presentation will explore the various research and scholarly opportunities that led to Dr. Szabo-Reed\u27s current position as a faculty member in Internal Medicine. From her early research opportunities as an undergraduate student to working on several large randomized controlled exercise trials as a graduate student and exploring nutrition and weight loss as a postdoctoral fellow, each experience has impacted how Dr. Szabo-Reed explores the influence of exercise on cognition in older adults today. Dr. Szabo-Reed will also discuss how seeking funding opportunities and connecting with other researchers nationwide has impacted her career and research agenda. A discussion of important life decisions, accomplishments, and challenges will show how you can be an accomplished researcher at a large institution and a “super parent” at home at the same time
Inhibitory effects of oxidants on n-type K+ channels in T lymphocytes and Xenopus oocytes (Szabo è corresponding author)
No full textReactive oxygen species (ROS) appear to be involved in Fas-induced programmed cell death. We have previously demonstrated a tyrosine-kinase-dependent inhibition of the n-type K+ channels (Kn) by Fas stimulation. Thus, the effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on the function of Kn was examined using the patch-clamp technique. Incubation of Jurkat human T lymphocytes with 100 microM H2O2 resulted in a 46 +/- 5% inhibition of the macroscopic whole-cell current. Experiments performed at the single-channel level using the cell-attached configuration revealed that the probability of the channel being open diminished upon incubation in H2O2. The effect was not dependent on src-like kinases, since H2O2 did not trigger tyrosine phosphorylation of the Kn channel protein and herbimycin A did not prevent channel inhibition. Kv1.3 channels underly the Kn of T lymphocytes and were expressed in Xenopus oocytes and subjected to electrophysiological analysis by the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique. Application of 1 mM H2O2 and 500 microM t-BOOH (tert, butylhydroperoxide) resulted in a marked inhibition of the K+ current within 20 min. Both the membrane-permeable thiol-group oxidizing agent DTNP [2,2'-dithiobis-(5-nitropyridine)] and the membrane-impermeable DTNB [5,5'-Dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)] (50 microM) inhibited Kv1.3 channels, suggesting that extracellular domains of Kv1.3 are affected. These results point to a direct modulation of Kn by various oxidative agents
Restrictions on the weight distribution of binary linear codes imposed by the structure of Reed-Muller codes
No full textAbstmcf-The words of a binary linear [n,k] code C whose weights belong to a given subset I C { 0, 1,..., n} constitute a word in a certain Reed-Muller code!R!Dl((r, k). Appropriate choices of I result in low values of the order r and thus yield restrictions on the weight distribution of C. Index I?"- Binary linear d e, affine code, weight distribution, Reed-Muller code. I
Impact of Diet and Exercise Interventions on Cognition and Brain Health in Older Adults: A Narrative Review
No full textThe ability to preserve cognitive function and protect brain structure from the effects of the aging process and neurodegenerative disease is the goal of non-pharmacologic, lifestyle interventions focused on brain health. This review examines, in turn, current diet and exercise intervention trends and the collective progress made toward understanding their impact on cognition and brain health. The diets covered in this review include the Mediterranean diet (MeDi), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), ketogenic diet, intermittent fasting, and weight loss management. The exercise approaches covered in this review include endurance, resistance, combined exercise programs, yoga, tai chi, and high-intensity interval training. Although valuable evidence is building concerning how diet and exercise influence cognitive performance and brain structure, many of the open questions in the field are concerned with why we see these effects. Therefore, more strategically designed intervention studies are needed to reveal the likely multiple mechanisms of action in humans
A Narrative Review Evaluating Diet and Exercise as Complementary Medicine for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
No full textAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) is characterized by complex brain alterations leading to progressive cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric disturbances. This narrative review explores these changes and the potential of diet and exercise as modifiable lifestyle factors to mitigate AD’s impact. While some dietary components (e.g., B vitamins, ketogenic diet) and physical activity, particularly aerobic exercise, show promise for improving cognitive function and managing symptoms, evidence for consistent benefits remains limited and requires further investigation. Dietary and exercise research in AD faces significant limitations, including intervention complexity, study design challenges, disease heterogeneity, and difficulties in measuring long-term effects. Addressing these limitations is crucial to fully realize the therapeutic potential of these lifestyle interventions in combating AD
Reed Canarygrass Germination at Five Seed Maturity Stages and Sixteen Seed Treatments
No full textReed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) has long been recognized as adapted to wetlands and those subject to periodic flooding. In Utah, Wilson (1955) estimate that 40 percent of the valley bottom land is flooded at least part of the year. Much of this land is very dry late in the summer. Forages such as Alsike clover tolerate flooding and some salt but do not perform well under drouth. Work by Bolton (1946) indicated that flooding for 49 day did not cause serious permanent damage to Reed canarygrass. The author has observed Reed canarygrass growing in a shallow reservoir which is flooded 90 days or more. Reed canarygrass is also one of the most drouth tolerant of the cool season grasses when grown on upland soils
Efficient picosecond x-ray pulse generation from plasmas in the radiation dominated regime
No full textThe efficient conversion of optical laser light into bright ultrafast x-ray pulses in laser created plasmas is of high interest for dense plasma physics studies, material science, and other fields. However, the rapid hydrodynamic expansion that cools hot plasmas has limited the x-ray conversion efficiency (CE) to 1% or less. Here we demonstrate more than one order of magnitude increase in picosecond x-ray CE by tailoring near solid density plasmas to achieve a large radiative to hydrodynamic energy loss rate ratio, leading into a radiation loss dominated plasma regime. A record 20% CE into ℎ>1 keVhν>1 keV photons was measured in arrays of large aspect ratio Au nanowires heated to keV temperatures with ultrahigh contrast femtosecond laser pulses of relativistic intensity. The potential of these bright ultrafast x-ray point sources for table-top imaging is illustrated with single shot flash radiographs obtained using low laser pulse energy. These results will enable the deployment of brighter laser driven x-ray sources at both compact and large laser facilities.Fil: Hollinger, Reed. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Bargsten, Clayton. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Shlyaptsev, Vyacheslav N.. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Kaymak, Vural. Institut Fur Theoretische Physik, Heinrich-heine-univer;Fil: Pukhov, Alexander. Heinrich-heine-universität Düsseldorf;Fil: Capeluto, Maria Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; ArgentinaFil: Wang, Shoujun. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Rockwood, Alex. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Wang, Yong. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Townsend, Amanda. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Prieto, Amy. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Stockton, Patrick. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Curtis, Alden. Department Of Electrical And Engineering;Fil: Rocca, Jorge J.. Department Of Electrical And Engineering
Physics Results from the AMANDA Neutrino Detector
No full textIn the winter season of 2000, the AMANDA (Antarctic Muon And Neutrino Detector Array) detector was completed to its final state. We report on major physics results obtained from the AMANDA-B10 detector, as well as initial results of the full AMANDA-II detector
Cladophyllia furcifera , Roemer 1888
No full textCladophyllia cf. furcifera Roemer, 1888 Pl. 21, fig. 6 v*1888 Cladophyllia furcifera n. sp.: Roemer, p. 8, pl. 1 (31), figs 4a, 4b (topotypes studied). 1909 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer: Grabau & Shimer, vol I, p. 100, text-fig. 162. 1914 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer 1888: Felix, pars 5, p. 41. 1928 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer 1888: Adkins, p. 24. 1933 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer 1888: Wells, p. 172, pl. 8, figs 5–8. 1990 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer, 1888: Morycowa & Roniewicz, p. 168. v1993 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer, 1888: Baron-Szabo, p. 160, pl. 4, fig. 3, text-fig. 6. 2002 Cladophyllia furcifera, Roemer 1888: Löser et al., p. 144 (older synonmys cited therein). 2002 Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer, 1888: Baron-Szabo, p. 181. Dimensions. d= 4–7 mm, juvenile around 2.5 mm; s=32–48 (+s), juvenile 24. Description. Phaceloid corallum; corallites circular in outline; costosepta compact, straight; S1 and some of S2 reach center of calice, where their inner ends may fuse with trabecular or substyliform columella; remaining septa alternate in length and thickness; anastomoses common; wall septothecal. Remarks. According to Morycowa & Roniewicz (1990: 168) as well as based on the study of topotypes by the author, Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer has 3 cycles of septa in 6 systems, with the beginning of a fourth one. However, in the Jamaican specimens the number of septa can be slightly larger, corresponding to 4 complete cycles in 6 systems, but otherwise they agree well with Cladophyllia furcifera Roemer, 1888. Type locality of species. Albian of Texas. Distribution. Upper Aptian-Lower Albian of Mexico and northern Spain, Albian of Texas, Maastrichtian of Jamaica (this paper). New Material. Maastrichtian of Jamaica, NMNH, Coates, coll., sample nos.: 409; 417, (=Jerusalem Mountain Inlier); 553; J-71-34r; J-71-34s; J-71-34u; J-71-34v; J-71-34w; J-71-34x; J-71-34y; J-71-34z (=Rio Minho); J-66-43b (=Vaughnsfield).Published as part of Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C., 2008, Dendrophylliina, Caryophylliina, Fungiina, Microsolenina, and Stylinina, pp. 1-244 in Zootaxa 1952 on page 20
Estimation of interdomain flexibility of N-terminus of factor H using residual dipolar couplings
No full textCharacterization of segmental flexibility is needed to understand the biological mechanisms of the very large category of functionally diverse proteins, exemplified by the regulators of complement activation, that consist of numerous compact modules or domains linked by short, potentially flexible, sequences of amino acid residues. The use of NMR-derived residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), in magnetically aligned media, to evaluate interdomain motion is established but only for two-domain proteins. We focused on the three N-terminal domains (called CCPs or SCRs) of the important complement regulator, human factor H (i.e., FH1-3). These domains cooperate to facilitate cleavage of the key complement activation-specific protein fragment, C3b, forming iC3b that no longer participates in the complement cascade. We refined a three-dimensional solution structure of recombinant FH1-3 based on nuclear Overhauser effects and RDCs. We then employed a rudimentary series of RDC data sets, collected in media containing magnetically aligned bicelles (disklike particles formed from phospholipids) under three different conditions, to estimate interdomain motions. This circumvents a requirement of previous approaches for technically difficult collection of five independent RDC data sets. More than 80% of conformers of this predominantly extended three-domain molecule exhibit flexions of <40°. Such segmental flexibility (together with the local dynamics of the hypervariable loop within domain 3) could facilitate recognition of C3b via initial anchoring and eventual reorganization of modules to the conformation captured in the previously solved crystal structure of a C3b:FH1-4 complex.</p
- …
