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Quantum state to state reactive probabilities: the H(D) + Cl2(v) → H(D)Cl(v') + Cl reactions
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PENGARUH NANO KURKUMIN TERHADAP FIBROSIS GINJAL AKIBAT OBSTRUKSI URETER UNILATERAL BERDASARKAN MEKANISME SELULER-MOLEKULER
Full text linkABSTRAK
PENGARUH NANO KURKUMIN TERHADAP FIBROSIS GINJAL
AKIBAT OBSTRUKSI URETER UNILATERAL BERDASARKAN
MEKANISME SELULER-MOLEKULER
PenelitianEksperimentalpadaTikusPercobaan
Alvarino
Obstruksi saluran kemih bagianatasmerupakan salah satu masalah dalam bidang urologi,
dapat terjadi pada seluruh fase kehidupan manusia dan lokasinya bisa disepanjang traktus
urinariusbagianatas. Akibat dari kondisi ini dapat menyebabkan hidronefrosis yang akan
mengakibatkan disfungsi endotel glomeruli dannantinya akan merubah struktur dari ginjal
seperti fibrosis interstisial, tubular atrofi dan apoptosis serta inflamasi interstisial. Kurkumin
merupakan salah satu senyawa bioaktif dari temulawak(Curcuma xanthorhiza Roxb)
dankunyit(Curcuma longa)diharapkan dapat mengatasi fibrosis ini karena sifat anti oksidatif
dan anti inflamasinya dengan jalan menekan ekspresi NF-ĸB, TGF-β1 dan MMP-9.
Bioavailabilitas kurkumin jelek karena sedikit yang diabsorpsi(5%), cepat dimetabolisme dan
cepat dieliminasi, untuk meningkatkan absorbsinya dibuatlah kurkumin dalam ukuran nano.
Tidak seperti kurkumin biasa, nano kurkumin mudah larut dalam air, diserap sampai 96%.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk membuktikan pengaruh pemberian nano kurkumin terhadap
ekspresi NF-ĸB, TGF-β1danMMP-9 dalam mensupresi fibrosis ginjal akibat obstruksi ureter
unilateral.
Penelitianbersifateksperimentaldenganpost test control group designpada 34tikus
wistarjantandewasa yang berumur 10-12 minggu yang diikatureternyaunilateral.Terdapat 2
kelompokperlakuan, kelompok yang pertama 17 ekordiberikannanokurkumin 100
mg/kgBBselama 28 haridari Miso N Korea Selatan, kelompok yang lainnyatidakdiberikan.
Setelah 28 haridiperiksaekspresi NF-ĸB, TGF-β1dan MMP-9secara imunohistokimiadanluas
area fibrosis denganMasson Trichromasecarahistokimia.
Hasilpenelitiandidapatkanbahwapadaginjaltikus yang
obstruksitanpapemberiannanokurkuminternyatalebihtinggiekspresinyabiladibandingkandenga
npemberiannanokurkumin, yaitu NF-κB (22,29±6,18 : 13,06±3,78), TGF-β1 (31,24±8,82 :
13,29±4,93) dan MMP-9 (21,47±6,45:12,18±5,41).Hasil ujistatistikketiganyadenganttestmenunjukkanperbedaanyangbermakna
(p<0,05).Sedangkanluas area fibrosis
tanpapemberiannanokurkuminternyataditemukanpadaluas fibrosis skor 4(>81%) sebanyak
64,7% dandenganpemberiannanokurkumin yang terbanyakditemukanpadaluasfibrosisnyaskor
3(51%-80%) sebanyak52,9%.Hasil ujistatistikMann-Whitney testmenunjukkanperbedaan
yang bermakna (p<0,05).
KesimpulannyaadalahpemberiannanokurkumindapatmenekanekspresiNF-ĸB, TGF-β1 dan
MMP-9juga menekanluas fibrosis yang terjadipadaginjaltikus yang mengalamiobstruksi
ureter unilateral.
Kata kunci: nanokurkumin,NF-ĸB, TGF-β1, MMP-9 danfibrosisginjal
Marine Meteorological Data from R/V Angeles Alvarino, 2023
No full textThe R/V Angeles Alvarino was built in 2012 for oceanographic research purposes. It mainly operates around the Iberian Peninsula and Canary island waters. Since the beginning of its operations, an automatic weather station has been continuously collecting marine meteorological data every minute, both at open sea and in port. The collected data are sent directly to the Spanish Institute of Oceanography (IEO) Data Center / National Oceanographic Data Center for delayed mode quality control and long-term archive. Recently, a semi-automatic process has been used to perform quality control and assessment of the data. Controlled data are stored in a standard MEDAR/MEDATLAS format, and the corresponding quality flag has been added to each individual measurement. This facilitate their reusing for different purposes, from climatology or academical studies to industrial sector needs, between others. In 2023, atmospheric pressure, air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction and solar radiation were collected
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Siphonophores of the Pacific with a Review of the World Distribution
Full text linkMost of the published work on Siphonophorae deals with taxonomic descriptions, taxonomic problems and systematic accounts, histology and anatomy and also gives records concerning the distribution of the individual species. Although the Siphonophorae are not so distinctly restricted to water masses as are most of the Chaetognatha species, it has been observed that some species of siphonophores can be used as indicators of the flow of certain types of waters into a particular region. Russel (1934) observed Muggiaea atlantica at the entrance of the English Channel where it "occurred for an unbroken series of years from 1913 to 1924 (excepting 1915, when none were seen in the collections), but that in 1924 Muggiaea kochi first made its appearance and that since that time Muggiaea atlantica has disappeared from the area." Later I studied the plankton of this region and became familiar with the fluctuations in the occurrence of one or other of these species; the presence of Muggiaea kochi is an indication of the inflow of water from the south. Moore (1953) has considered that fluctuations in abundance are in part due to "inherent seasonal changes within a given water mass, but in part also to seasonal changes in the water mass present." He has implied that in the Bermuda region the summer water of northern origin brings into the region species typical of colder regions, while the winter water comes from warmer locations in the south. He also states that in the Florida Current off Miami there is "a fluctuating amount of water of the Gulf of Mexico origin intruding into the main water mass." He ends his discussion stating: "Although the abundance of several [species] has shown to be different in the Yucatan and Gulf of Mexico waters, none are completely restricted to one mass, and so readily useable as indicator species." In the California region it has been observed from the monthly 1954 and 1958 California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations cruises that Chelophyes appendiculata (a species typical of the temperate regions) is displaced by Chelophyes contorta (a warm-water species) with an inflow of warm water. A particular pattern of distribution was observed for Chelophyes appendiculata, Chelophyes contorta, Muggiaea atlantica and Muggiaea kochi off the Panama Canal in the Caribbean and Pacific regions. The material to be considered here consists of the extensive collections of Scripps Institution of Oceanography in the Pacific and the CalCOFI cruises in the region of the California Current and the Sea of Cortes. The material collected in the Pacific extends over a period of fourteen years (table 1). The present work provides the first extensive survey of the distribution of the siphonophores in the Pacific as well as a preliminary account of their bathymetric distribution. Bigelow (1911a) has presented extensive data from the Eastern Tropical Pacific and also from the Northwest Pacific (Bigelow, 1913). Table 2 includes other collections analyzed by the author. The published data on the distribution of the species observed in the Pacific and adjacent seas are compiled in table 3. Table 4 is a compilation of all published data on the bathymetric distribution of the species of Siphonophorae plus the author's unpublished data. The records of the capture of certain rare species are of special importance. The following are notable: Muggiaea delsmani Totton, 1954; Lensia achilles Totton, 1941; Lensia ajax Totton, 1941; Lensia hostile Totton, 1941; Abyla brownia Sears, 1953; Ceratocymba intermedia Sears, 1953; Clausophyes galeata Lens and Riemsdijk, 1908; Sulculeolaria bigelowi (Sears), 1950; Marrus orthocannoides Totton, 1954; Dromalia alexandri Bigelow, 1911. Three newly described species are also included: Vogtia kuruae Alvarino, 1967; Sulculeolaria brintoni Alvarino, 1968; Enneagonum searsae Alvarino, 1968. The isotherms at a depth of 200 meters are used for comparison with the distributional ranges of the species because the position of certain 200 meter isotherms tends to agree with the limits of the ranges. Temperatures are relatively conservative at and below 200 meters, as compared with those in and above the thermocline. It is to be expected, therefore, that general aspects of the ocean climate which existed during the 15-year sampling period are reflected by the distribution of temperature at levels below the thermocline. It is not expected that a particular temperature, perhaps at a particular depth, is associated with a complex of environmental factors that affects or controls the distributional limits of the species
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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