1,720,968 research outputs found
Computational study for natural convection effects on temperature during batch and continuous industrial scale radio frequency tempering/thawing processes
No full textRadio frequency (RF) processing have been used for tempering and thawing. There have been significant experimental and mathematical model based studies for this process especially in the last two decades. The modeling studies applied the convective boundary condition with effective heat transfer coefficient and constant medium temperature in through field flat plate RF systems. The objective of this study was first to develop a mathematical model for conjugate heat transfer (natural convection) in a staggered through field electrode RF system and to use this model for natural convection effects in industrial scale processes. For this purpose, the developed comprehensive mathematical model was experimentally validated using the data from frozen tuna samples. The air temperature variation was also used for validation. Then, the developed model was used in industrial scale process simulations with the presence of natural convection. The industrially preferred flat plate systems were used in this part to determine the temperature and electric field evolutions. The results demonstrated the significant effect of the natural convection on sample surface temperature distribution and temperature change of air within the cavity. The evolved natural convection resulted in the variation of the heat transfer coefficient along the sample surfaces with significant changes in temperature. Based on these results, it might be concluded that the effect of air temperature change within the cavity during an RF processes should also be controlled and considered for industrial system design and process optimization
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Computational modeling of axial rotation for the evolution of temperature in horizontal toroidal cans under pasteurization conditions
No full textAxial rotation mechanism has been widely used during thermal processing of liquid containing cans. Besides this can geometry modification might be an innovative approach to increase heat transfer rates. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine temperature distribution and effect of rotation rate in axially rotating toroidal cans. For this purpose, experimental and numerical modeling studies were carried out. In the experimental studies, toroidal cans including distilled water were processed in hot water, and temperature data were used for computational model validation and mesh independency. Then, the second set of simulations were conducted to determine the rotational effects on temperature evolution. Effects of gravitational buoyancy, centrifugal and Coriolis forces were determined, and Coriolis forces increased up to 4 times with increased rotation rates (20–160 rpm). With this aspect, process time for 70 °C increase was reduced by ≈40 and 33.3% at 80 and 160 rpm compared to conventinal cylindrical cans. This study is an introduction to modify can geometry and process parameters to reduce quality losses and decrease energy use. However, industrial practice has still significant challenge for manufacturing and using in the process line
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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