1,720,966 research outputs found
Migrants, refugees, and the right to social assistance in postwar Italy and France (1945-1961)
No full textManaging the transition from war to peace: post-war citizenship-based welfare in Italy and France, 19441947
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
‘A Gigantic System of Casual Pauperism’:the Contested Role of the Workhouse in Late Nineteenth-Century Belfast
No full textWhat It Means to Have Nothing: Poverty and the Idea of Human Dignity in Nineteenth-Century Germany
No full textThis article explores the historical background of an issue that is central to present-day constitutional and human-rights discourse: the relationship between human dignity and the fight against poverty. It analyzes the role the idea of human dignity played in the reasoning of nineteenth-century German middle-class authors who were professionally engaged in social-reform debates, with a particular focus on debates about mendicancy. In these debates, notions of dignity were pervasive, and they provoked a troubling question: Is poverty a state of impaired dignity, and if yes, in which direction does causality point? Tracing the shifting perceptions from the enlightened belief in the self-perfectibility of man at the beginning of the nineteenth century to the rise of biomedical theories at its end, the article argues that concerns about human dignity gave the commitment to eradicate destitution an important impetus, yet with side effects that highlight the pitfalls of the dignity concept
Traditional mobility and solidarity in crisis:Jeremias Gotthelf's response to pauperism in the <i>Vormärz</i>
No full textThe duty to provide: fathers, families and the workhouse in England, 1880-1914
No full textThis chapter explores the ways that the poor laws in England were designed around the norms and ideals of the provider role in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, and how in practice the resulting structures rarely matched the more fluid realities of the lives of the poor. In the decades around 1900, critiques of the excluding side effects of the poor law accompanied debates about how to bring the male working class into the nation state by reconceptualizing citizenship around long-standing social-moral norms of obligation to provide for women, children and the elderly within families. The provider role was thus highly gendered with husbands and fathers normally required to support their dependents, but the relationship between providing and masculinity was a complex one, particularly amongst the very poorest who availed themselves of poor law relief. However, relationships between welfare institutions and families were not totally determined by the state and philanthropic agencies, but were actively used and contested at the individual level by those seeking relief and by collective working-class struggles.
The social and political framing of welfare around the poor law is explored, followed by a discussion of how this relates to the family lives of the poor. The final section explores the perspective of the poor themselves, through an examination of three autobiographical accounts of family life touched by poor law provision – accounts by George Meek , Emma Smith and Percy Wall . To put these individual accounts into context and to understand some aspects of the workings of the poor law, evidence is drawn from the administrative structures of one Poor Law Union: Lambeth in South London
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