376 research outputs found

    Gangliformis Intumescentia and Beyond: Antonio Scarpa and His Core Contribution to Neuroanatomy, Neurosurgery, and Otoneurosurgery

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    Nearly 250 years ago, Antonio Scarpa became a professor of anatomy and surgery only 2 years after he graduated from the University of Padua. The young lecturer soon became one of the most renowned anatomists in Italy and a director of the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Pavia. He worked in the fields of general surgery and ophthalmology. Several anatomic structures have been named after him, mainly Scarpa fascia and Scarpa triangle. His interest in neuroanatomy was ardent, despite being occasionally neglected. Scarpa's contributions to the fields of neurosciences have been significant. He was the first to describe the round window and the secondary tympanic membrane, and he eventually focused on the auditory and olfactory organs. Notably, the vestibular ganglion is now known as Scarpa ganglion. Scarpa's magnum opus was the book Tabulae Neurologicae, in which he described the path of several cranial nerves including the vagus nerve and innervation of the heart. Since his death in 1832, Scarpa's head has been preserved at the University History Museum of the University of Pavia. In this historical vignette, we aim to describe Antonio Scarpa's troubled life and brilliant career, focusing on his core contributions to neuroanatomy, neurosurgery, and otoneurosurgery

    Fattori pragmatici esterni e interni nella traduzione dei testi tecnico-scientifici

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    After a brief introduction on the importance of pragmatics in the translation of scientific and technical (sci-tech) texts, which are service texts that are written in a language for special purposes (LSP) in the context of scientific and technological disciplines and are directed to a more or less restricted target discursive community having very specific practical needs and expectations, the concept of ‘pragmatic equivalence’ will be introduced with specific reference to sci-tech translation. Having in mind translation as a professional service activity, the article will deal with the main pragmatic factors exerting a determining influence at the textual and terminological levels of sci-tech texts, which should also inform translation decisions in order to achieve pragmatic equivalence at these levels. These pragmatic factors are ‘situationality’ (i.e. external situational and cultural factors), on the one hand, and ‘intentionality’ of the ST author and ‘acceptability’ of the TT by its final readers (i.e. internal cognitive factors), on the other. The last part of the article contains some examples of pragmatic choices made by sci-tech translators illustrating instances of the translation strategies that have been adopted to achieve pragmatic equivalence at the different textual levels

    Монашеското образование на патриарх Евтимий в манастира Кефаларево

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    The patriarch Evtimiy of Tărnovo started his spiritual path in the monastery of Kefalarevo, which was founded by Theodosius of Tărnovo, a disciple of Gregory of Sinai. In this monastery, Evtimiy was educated according to the priciples of Gregory of Sinai's new spiritual school, and soon became a teacher for the younger monks. Studying some ascetic-monastic south-slavonic miscellanies related to the Kefalarevo's monastery and to Gregory's monastery (Paroria), we were able to understand the spiritual scene and Evtimiy's monastic education and, in general, the life in these monasteries. The miscellanies, that have been analyzed, include writings of contemporary writers: Pseudo-Symeon the New Theologian, author of the Three Methods of Prayer, Nikephoros of Mount Athos (XIII century) and Gregory of Sinai's himself. In their writings these three authors explicitely refer to a number of previous writers and texts, that reflect, in a certain sense, the entire history of the Byzantine spirituality. In the miscellanies are also found works of the various authors, starting from Ephrem the Syrian, Evagrius of Pontus and Pseudo-Macarius of Egypt (IV century), to Isaiah of Gaza and Mark the Monk (V century). We meet also excerpts from various “Paterika” (especially those from the Svodni Patericon, that was presumably written in the XIV century) and passages by Zosimas (VI century). Are found as well authors from the VII century such as Athanasius of Sinai, Thalassius of Caesarea and Maximos the Confessor. Theodore of Edessa's writings (IX century) can be seen as a sort of synthesis of the previous ones. Philotheos of Sinai (X century), Symeon the New Theologian and Nikitas Stithatos (XI century) represent the second stage of the Byzantine mysticism. Finally, Hesychius of Sinai (XII century) anticipates the spititual renaissance of the XIII and XIV centuries

    Pragmatic features in the language of cross-cultural virtual teams: A roundtable discussion of student-to-student discourse in international collaborative project

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    This presentation contains some of the findings by the cross-cultural virtual team (CCVT) of the Trans-Atlantic network - made up by John Humbley (University of Paris-Denis Diderot), Matthew Livesey (University of Wisconsin-Stout), Bruce Maylath (North Dakota State University), Birthe Mousten (Aarhus University), Federica Scarpa (University of Trieste), Sonia Vandepitte (University College Ghent) and Lucy Veisblat (University of Paris-Denis Diderot) - during collaborative projects consisting of students' virtual exchanges which they have carried out for many years by drawing on each team member’s expertise in translation and technical communication. In particular, it examines the pragmatic features of the communication between CCVT members which have given rise to the emergence of a language for the specific purpose of collaboration. In addition, it provides methods for analyzing and teaching this language use among CCVT members

    The City of Ebla. A Complete Bibliography of Its Archaeological and Textual Remains

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    This book lists more than 2,600 bibliographical entries referring to books, articles, and digital resources concerned with the ancient city of Ebla (modern Tell Mardikh, Syria, XXIV century BCE). The volume provides a comprehensive collection of philological, archaeological, and historical studies on Ebla from 1965 to present day: the Introduction describes structure, usage, and indexing principles of the bibliography, along with a detailed description of previous bibliographical repertoires on Ebla. A subject index is also provided to help the reader find entries related to specific subjects. The bibliography is arranged in alphabetical order by author and chronologically by year: the individual entries are marked by a progressive number for quick reference

    Carlo Scarpa e Rob Mallet-Stevens: casa Sacerdoti e villa de Noailles

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    Come mai Carlo Scarpa, per il progetto di casa Sacerdoti del 1940, s’ispira alla villa Noailles a Hyères, progettata da Robert Mallet-Stevens nel 1923? Per capire quale interesse poteva avere Scarpa, all’epoca del suo progetto, per l’architetto francese (noto allora non particolarmente per quella villa ma per ben altre sue architetture), l’autrice ripercorre la loro formazione e le loro scelte culturali. Ne mette in evidenza alcuni aspetti comuni, come l’ammirazione per l’architetto austriaco Joseph Hoffmann, il cubismo o gli insegnamenti del gruppo De Stijl. Risolverà comunque l’enigma di quell’ispirazione scarpiana in una singolare associazione del cinema e della poesia di Mallarmé.L’auteure met en regard les trajectoires de deux architectes éminents, l’italien Carlo Scarpa et le franco-belge Robert Mallet-Stevens, de vingt ans son aîné. Qu’est-ce qui poussa l’architecte italien à prendre comme modèle pour la « maison Sacerdoti », en 1940, la villa que Mallet-Stevens avait édifié en 1924-1925 à Hyères pour le vicomte Charles de Noailles ? La question permet à l’auteure de découvrir, en un premier temps, que les deux artistes admiraient l’architecte autrichien Joseph Hoffmann, les enseignements du groupe De Stijl et le cubisme. Elle la conduit à chercher, en un deuxième temps, la clé de l’énigme dans un lien étonnant entre l’architecture cubiste de la villa et le coup de dès mallarméen qui n’abolit pas le hasard.Why, planning the Sacerdoti house in 1940, Carlo Scarpa looked for inspiration at the Noailles villa in Hyères designed by Robert Mallet-Stevens in 1923? Trying to understand Scarpa’s interest in a work almost twenty years old, the author explores the education and the cultural choices of both. She points out their common interest for the Austrian architect Joseph Hoffmann, the cubism movement and the group De Stijl. Looking for an answer, the author puts into play a very peculiar association between cinema and Mallarmé’s poetry
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