33 research outputs found
Distributed versus cluster-based cooperative linear networks: A range extension study in Suzuki fading environments
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Marine Habitat Mapping Using Image Enhancement Techniques & Machine Learning
No full textAbstractThe mapping of habitats is the first step that is done in policies that target theenvironment, as well as in spatial planning and management. The biodiversityplans are always centered around habitats. Therefore, constant monitoring ofthese delicate species in terms of health, changes, and extinction is a must inbiodiversity plans. Human activities are constantly growing, resulting in theextinction of land and marine habitats. Land habitats are being destroyed using airpollution and the cutting of forests. At the same time, marine habitats are beingdestroyed due to acidification of ocean waters and waste materials from theindustries and pollution. The author has focused on aquatic habitats in thisdissertation, mainly coral reefs. An estimate of 27% of coral reef ecosystems havebeen destroyed, and a further 30% are at risk of being damaged in the comingyears. Coral reefs occupy 1% of the ocean floor, and yet they provide a home to30% of marine organisms. To analyze the health of these aquatic habitats, theyneed to be assessed through habitat mapping. Habitat mapping shows thegeographic distribution of different habitats within a particular area. Marinehabitats are typically mapped using camera imagery. The quality of underwaterimages suffers from the characteristics of the marine environment. This results inblurry images or containing particles that cover many parts of an image. Toovercome this, underwater image enhancement algorithms are used to preprocessimages beforehand. Now, there are many underwater image enhancementalgorithms that target different characteristics of the marine environment, butthere is no consensus among researchers about a single underwater technique thatcan be used for any marine dataset. In this dissertation, multiple experiments onvarious popular image enhancement techniques (seven) were conducted and usedto reach a decision about a single underwater approach for all datasets. Thedatasets include EILAT, EILAT2, RSMAS, and MLC08. Also, two state-of-the-artdeep convolutional neural networks for habitat mapping, i.e., DenseNet andMobileNet tested. Maximum results from the combination of Contrast LimitedAdaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) achieved as underwater imageenhancement technique and DenseNet as deep convolutional network. Not applicabl
Power of Leadership Motivation in the Banking Industry
No full textLeadership and Motivation are key factors associated with success and failure of any organization. In accordance with Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the motivation influences the managers while adopting a leadership style. This study examines the impact of Leadership Motivation on Organizational Performance with mediating effect of Leadership styles. This research focuses on motivation of leaders, their leadership style and its impact on organizational performance and developing the concept of mediating role of Leadership Styles as a banking sector nowadays is in the race of facing challenges in order to become competitive and also to improve the performance. The descriptive statistics and Mediation model 4 of Hayes [2013] PROCESS macro regression-based approach was used to analyze the data. The findings suggested that both aspects of Motivation, i.e. intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivation, have a positive and significant effect on organization performance. The leadership style acts as a strong mediator between motivation and organizational performance. The study has provided good construction towards literature regarding the Leadership Motivation for improving organizational performance.Leadership and Motivation are key factors associated with success and failure of any organization. In accordance with Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the motivation influences the managers while adopting a leadership style. This study examines the impact of Leadership Motivation on Organizational Performance with mediating effect of Leadership styles. This research focuses on motivation of leaders, their leadership style and its impact on organizational performance and developing the concept of mediating role of Leadership Styles as a banking sector nowadays is in the race of facing challenges in order to become competitive and also to improve the performance. The descriptive statistics and Mediation model 4 of Hayes [2013] PROCESS macro regression-based approach was used to analyze the data. The findings suggested that both aspects of Motivation, i.e. intrinsic as well as extrinsic motivation, have a positive and significant effect on organization performance. The leadership style acts as a strong mediator between motivation and organizational performance. The study has provided good construction towards literature regarding the Leadership Motivation for improving organizational performance
Coverage aspects of cooperative multi-hop line networks in correlated shadowed environment
No full textComparison Between WiMAX and 3GPP LTE
No full textMobile communication technology evolved rapidly over the last few years due to increasing demands such as accessing Internet services on mobile phones with a better quality of the offered services. In order to fulfil this, wireless telecommunication industry worked hard and defined a new air interface for mobile communications which enhances the overall system performance by increasing the capacity of the system along with improving spectral efficiencies while reducing latencies. For this, two technologies, called Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) and Third Generation Partnership Project Long Term Evolution (3GPP LTE), emerged with an aim of providing voice, data, video and multimedia services on mobile phones at high speeds and cheap rates. In this thesis, we have conducted a detailed comparative study between WiMAX and 3GPP LTE by focusing on their first two layers, i.e. Physical and MAC layer. The comparison specifically includes system architecture, radio aspects of the air interface (such as frequency band, radio access modes, multiple access technologies, multiple antenna technologies and modulation), protocol aspects of the air interface (in terms of protocol architecture, modulation and frame structure), mobility and Quality of Service (QoS). We have also given a brief comparative summary of both technologies in our thesis. In the thesis, we investigated the LTE uplink and performed link level simulations of Single Carrier Frequency Domain Equalization (SC-FDE) and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) in comparison with Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The comparison has been in terms of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and Symbol Error Rate (SER). In order to verify the theoretical results, we simulated the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) of SC-FDMA system in comparison with OFDMA. We also simulated the capacity of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems in comparison with Single Input Single Output (SISO) systems. The simulation was performed on a PC running MATLAB 7.40 (R2007a). The operating system used in the simulation was Microsoft Windows Vista
EVALUATION OF THE UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS ON THE AWARENESS OF PALLIATIVE CARE IN END-STAGE CANCER PATIENTS.
No full textBackground: Many countries have recognized palliative care as an imperative element of the medical system, the importance of which has been emphasized by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Health Assembly (WHA). An increase in the aging population, along with a rise in the number of individuals with critical illnesses such as cancer, dementia, diabetes, COPD, have increased the demand for palliative care. The inclusion of an effective palliative care teaching in medical and other allied medical science undergraduate curricula has become a requisite, which will enable tomorrow's health care practitioners to deliver the best possible end-of-life care to patients. This research aims to assess medical students' knowledge about palliative care in end-stage cancer patients.Objectives: Evaluation of the undergraduate medical students on the awareness of palliative care in end-stage cancer patients in Rawalpindi/Islamabad.Material and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in which 452 medical students (MBBS, BDS, BSN, and DPT), selected by convenience sampling, filled out the questionnaire which was made on the work of Çıtıl R, Okan İ, Önder Y, Çeltek NY, Süren M, Bulut YE, et al. (permission granted) comprising 21 questions, that were distributed via link to Google form. Certain student demographics were also collected. First and second-year medical students were excluded due to lack of exposure in the clinical setting. Chi-square test was performed to see if there is any significance between students studying in different medical courses and the relevant questions regarding end-stage cancer patients and palliative care. p0.05). 79% of undergraduates highlighted the importance of gaining education in palliative care and 66.6% would want to work in providing end-of-life care.Conclusion: Students of all medical courses lacked sufficient knowledge regarding palliative care. A large portion of them were hesitant to communicate with cancer patients. They wish to study and learn more about end-of-life care, and several indicated a desire to work in the palliative care discipline. Therefore, it is a necessity for future medical practitioners to get prompt knowledge about palliative care along with its practical implementation which calls for a revised medical curriculum for undergraduates.
Key words: Palliative care, Medical students, Awareness, Educatio
Charities Or Donations as a Source of Terrorism Financing: Why does Regulation Fail in Pakistan?
No full textAbstract
This comprehensive research analyses Pakistan\u27s regulatory system for preventing terrorist funding and money laundering through charities/donations. The report discusses the regulatory environment, problems, empirical analysis, policy implications, innovative ideas, and a National Counter Terrorism Authority’s action plan. The report reveals an evolving regulatory framework that strives to satisfy global standards despite ongoing challenges. The integrity of Pakistan\u27s economy and its national security are safeguarded by its regulatory framework, which consists of laws, agencies, and international cooperation. The nation\u27s commitment to combating financial offenses has resulted in a sophisticated regulatory structure. However, the regulatory structure of Pakistan presents challenges and criticisms. Institutions that do not comply with AML and CTF regulations avoid prompt and severe punishment. The large informal sector makes monitoring the flow of funds and promoting illicit active it\u27s difficult. Maintaining transparency in charitable organizations while permitting their authorized activity takes time and effort. The complex multi-agency regulatory environment requires improved coordination and simplification to ensure coordinated efforts. Our empirical investigation yielded qualitative data that reveal successes and areas for refinement. The increase in Suspicious Transaction Reports (STRs) related to charity and donations indicate a greater awareness of financial risk. Significant penalties and imprisonment terms demonstrate that regulatory enforcement holds offenders accountable. Audits of charitable organizations indicate an increase in financial transparency. Consistency in enforcement, the informal economy, and regulatory cooperation remain issues. The study has far-reaching policy implications, highlighting the need to close gaps in enforcement, embrace innovation, and collaborate. Technology, public participation, and international cooperation are required to combat the evolving landscape of financial crimes. In response to these issues, proposals are made for innovative technology adoption, public participation, regulatory changes, and international collaboration. These concepts necessitate transitioning from AI-driven threat prediction to block chain-based secure reporting systems, allowing various strategic options. Financial crime prevention requires unwavering commitment, ongoing education, and the willingness to experiment. Pakistan\u27s commitment to the security of its financial system reflects its commitment to a safer, more secure global financial environment.
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Digital Media and Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Smart Pedagogy Approach
No full textThis study explores the integration of digital media and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in education, addressing the need for effective teaching and learning practices in the digital age. Grounded in the Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK), this research aims to investigate the key principles and approaches of smart pedagogy, effective integration, and implications for teacher professional development and education policy. Specifically, this study seeks to answer three research questions: What are the key principles and approaches of smart pedagogy in the context of digital media and AI? How can digital media and AI be effectively integrated into teaching and learning practices? What are the implications of digital media and AI for teacher professional development and education policy? This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge on the convergence of technology and education, highlighting the significance of digital media and AI in enhancing teaching and learning practices. Building on recent research, this study employs a qualitative approach, using focus group interviews to gather data from educators, students, and administrators. The findings reveal key insights into the effective integration of digital media and AI, highlighting the need for teacher professional development and policy changes to support innovative teaching and learning practices. The study's results have implications for educators, policymakers, and researchers, suggesting avenues for future research and practical applications
