155 research outputs found
Architectures and Algorithms for the Signal Processing of Advanced MIMO Radar Systems
No full textThis thesis focuses on the research, development and implementation of novel concepts, architectures, demonstrator systems and algorithms for the signal processing of advanced Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) radar systems. The key concept is to address compact system, which have high resolutions and are able to perform a fast radar signal processing, three-dimensional (3D), and four-dimensional (4D) beamforming for radar image generation and target estimation. The idea is to obtain a complete sensing of range, Azimuth and elevation (additionally Doppler as the fourth dimension) from the targets in the radar captures. The radar technology investigated, aims at addressing sev- eral civil and military applications, such as surveillance and detection of targets, both air and ground based, and situational awareness, both in cars and in flying platforms, from helicopters, to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and air-taxis.
Several major topics have been targeted. The development of complete systems and innovative FPGA, ARM and software based digital architectures for 3D imaging MIMO radars, which operate in both Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) and Frequency Divi- sion Multiplexing (FDM) modes, with Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) signals, respectively. The de- velopment of real-time radar signal processing, beamforming and Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA) algorithms for target detection, with particular focus on FFT based, hardware implementable techniques. The study and implementation of advanced system concepts, parametrisation and simulation of next generation real-time digital radars (e.g. OFDM based). The design and development of novel constant envelope orthogonal waveforms for real-time 3D OFDM MIMO radar systems.
The MIMO architectures presented in this thesis are a collection of system concepts, de- sign and simulations, as well as complete radar demonstrators systems, with indoor and outdoor measurements. Several of the results shown, come in the form of radar images which have been captured in field-test, in different scenarios, which aid in showing the proper functionality of the systems.
The research activities for this thesis, have been carried out on the premises of Air- bus, based in Munich (Germany), as part of a Ph.D. candidate joint program between Airbus and the Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture (Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura), of the University of Udine, based in Udine (Italy).Questa tesi si concentra sulla ricerca, lo sviluppo e l’implementazione di nuovi concetti, architetture, sistemi dimostrativi e algoritmi per l’elaborazione dei segnali in sistemi radar avanzati, basati su tecnologia Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). Il con- cetto chiave `e quello di ottenere sistemi compatti, dalle elevate risoluzioni e in grado di eseguire un’elaborazione del segnale radar veloce, un beam-forming tri-dimensionale (3D) e quadri-dimensionale (4D) per la generazione di immagini radar e la stima delle informazioni dei bersagli, detti target. L’idea `e di ottenere una stima completa, che includa la distanza, l’Azimuth e l’elevazione (addizionalmente Doppler come quarta di- mensione) dai target nelle acquisizioni radar. La tecnologia radar indagata ha lo scopo di affrontare diverse applicazioni civili e militari, come la sorveglianza e la rilevazione di targets, sia a livello aereo che a terra, e la consapevolezza situazionale, sia nelle auto che nelle piattaforme di volo, dagli elicotteri, ai Unmanned Aerial Vehicels (UAV) e taxi volanti (air-taxis).
Le tematiche affrontante sono molte. Lo sviluppo di sistemi completi e di architetture digitali innovative, basate su tecnologia FPGA, ARM e software, per radar 3D MIMO, che operano in modalit`a Multiplexing Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) e Multiplexing Frequency Diversion (FDM), con segnali di tipo FMCW (Frequency Modulated Contin- uous Wave) e Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), rispettivamente. Lo sviluppo di tecniche di elaborazione del segnale radar in tempo reale, algoritmi di beam-forming e di stima della direzione di arrivo, Direction-Of-Arrival (DOA), dei seg- nali radar, per il rilevamento dei target, con particolare attenzione a processi basati su trasformate di Fourier (FFT). Lo studio e l’implementazione di concetti di sistema avan- zati, parametrizzazione e simulazione di radar digitali di prossima generazione, capaci di operare in tempo reale (ad esempio basati su architetture OFDM). Progettazione e sviluppo di nuove forme d’onda ortogonali ad inviluppo costante per sistemi radar 3D di tipo OFDM MIMO, operanti in tempo reale.
Le attivit`a di ricerca di questa tesi sono state svolte presso la compagnia Airbus, con sede a Monaco di Baviera (Germania), nell’ambito di un programma di dottorato, svoltosi in maniera congiunta tra Airbus ed il Dipartimento Politecnico di Ingegneria e Architettura dell’Universit`a di Udine, con sede a Udine
Real-Time Channel Sounding for Channel-Adaptive Data Links
No full textThe development of wideband mobile communications systems requires a good knowledge of the characteristics of the mobile channel as described by its impulse response. Such impulse response can be modeled as a tapped delay line with delays, amplitudes and phases associated with each tap. In order to obtain satisfactory estimates of these parameters and to determine delay spread, Doppler spread and the channel scattering function, a real-time channel sounder is required. This paper focuses on the hardware implementation of a real-time channel sounder, on an Innovative-DSP X6-400M Software-Defined-Radio platform based on a Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA. The real-time channel sounder has been developed in VHDL and implemented with Xilinx ISE AND Xilinx System Generator design, simulation and analysis softwares. In order to visualize the measured channel scattering function, a graphical user interface has been created. Testing of the channel sounder using a channel emulator allowed to verify the proper operation of the project
Multifunctional and compact 3D FMCW MIMO radar system with rectangular array for medium-range applications
No full textMiralles-Navarro, E.; Multerer, T.; Ganis, A.; Schoenlinner, B.; Prechtel, U.; Meusling, A.; Mietzner, J.... (2018). Multifunctional and compact 3D FMCW MIMO radar system with rectangular array for medium-range applications. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. 33(4):46-54. https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2018.160277S465433
A system concept for a 3D real-Time OFDM MIMO radar for flying platforms
No full textIn this paper a new system concept for a low cost, miniaturized and real-time imaging radar system for flying platforms is presented. The proposed solution is based on the MIMO radar architecture, orthogonal signals for simultaneous transmit capabilities and highly integrated SiGe chipsets. Using beamforming techniques at the receiver together with radar processing techniques, a 3D sensing of the range, azimuth, elevation and Doppler information for an arbitrary number of objects can be estimated through a simultaneous transmission and with real-time hardware implementable FFT processing techniques. A top-level system concept and a complete parametrization is proposed for a radar system which is intended for obstacle warning for helicopters and to enhance flight safety in approach, landing and take-off phases of flight even in degraded visual conditions. The full OFDM MIMO Radar system has been implemented and tested in a MATLAB environment and simulation results are here presented. This paper is the first step towards the implementation of a compact and real-time radar system demonstrator
PERILAKU MENGHEMAT ALA ANAK KOS MAHASISWA INDONESIA DALAM KOMIK WEBTOON SI JUKI: LIKA LIKU ANAK KOS KARYA FAZA MEONK (TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI SASTRA)
No full textGanis, Alya Lubna. 2018. ‘Save Behavior of Indonesian Boarding College Student in Si Juki: Lika Liku Anak Kos Webtoon Comic Created by Faza Meonk (The Study of Literature Sociology)’. Skripsi. Indonesian Literature Program, Bachelor Program, Faculty of Humanities, Diponegoro University Semarang. Leaders I Dra. Mirya Anggrahini, M.Hum., II Fajrul Falah, S.Hum., M.Hum.
Spesifically the material object is webtoon comic Si Juki: Lika Liku Anak Kos created by Faza Meonk. This research used structural theory and literature sociology that explaine with descriptive method. The purpose of this research to expose intrinsict elemen in comic Si Juki: Lika Liku Anak Kos and reveal save behavior of Indonesian boarding college student.
Structural theory use for describe intrinsict elemen spesifically figures and characterization, plot and plotterization, background and backgroundization in Si Juki: Lika Liku Anak Kos comic. In the other side for analyze save behavior boarding college student, author used sociology theory especially six aspect, among others: creative behavior for food, creative behavior for transportation, creative behavior for outfit, creative behavior for entertainment, creative behavior to used water and electricity, and have another income source.
Analysis result based structure to webtoon comic Si Juki: Lika Liku Anak Kos, there is 14 figures with main character Juki and 13 subordinate characters. Plot which used in this comic straight or linear. Background in this comic divided be three part, place background, time, and socio-cultural background. Analysis result with literature sociology theory is exposure save behaviors of Indonesian boarding college, based mannerism characters inside. This point proved with dialogue, narration, and picture that indicate save behavior.
Keywords: webtoon, comic, Juki, save, boarding, college student
Art Criticism
No full textAnalog Original: v. ; 22 cm.If Art Criticism meets some of its editors’ hopes for it, we shall be able to claim the appearance of some art criticism, with subjects arising from the writers’ or editors’ decisions, rather than the art market’s. Articles on individual critics and on current groups and tendencies will lead towards the adequate history of art criticism so badly needed in relation to art and in relation to the literature of other disciplines. (L.A., D.B.K., Spring 1979)Archived web contentThis record was updated April 2013 by digitization and project advisers, Stephen Larese and Roland CoffeyDepartment of Art, Stony Brook University; Stony Brook University LibrariesGanis, William, “Critical Moments Introduction.”
Wingate, Jennifer, “Romare Bearden.”
Bryson, Greg, “Suzi Gablik.”
Japel, Nathan, “Philip Guston.”
Dean, Kelly, “Robert Irwin.”
Barnett, Lisa, “Sally Mann.”
Budzynski, Scott, “Malcom Morley.”
Ganis, William, “Jules Olitski.”
Ganis, William, “An Interview with Jules Olitski.”
Paradis, Jason, “Larry Poons.”
Paradis, Jason, “An Interview with Larry Poons.”
Author Index
Chronological Index
General Subject Inde
Art Criticism, Volume 14, Number 1
No full textv. : ill. ; 22 cm (original analog pub.),Ganis, William, “Critical Moments Introduction.” Wingate, Jennifer, “Romare Bearden.” Bryson, Greg, “Suzi Gablik.” Japel, Nathan, “Philip Guston.” Dean, Kelly, “Robert Irwin.” Barnett, Lisa, “Sally Mann.” Budzynski, Scott, “Malcom Morley.” Ganis, William, “Jules Olitski.” Ganis, William, “An Interview with Jules Olitski.” Paradis, Jason, “Larry Poons.” Paradis, Jason, “An Interview with Larry Poons.” Author Index Chronological Index General Subject Index :: If Art Criticism meets some of its editors’ hopes for it, we shall be able to claim the appearance of some art criticism, with subjects arising from the writers’ or editors’ decisions, rather than the art market’s. Articles on individual critics and on current groups and tendencies will lead towards the adequate history of art criticism so badly needed in relation to art and in relation to the literature of other disciplines. (L.A., D.B.K., Spring 1979)https://commons.library.stonybrook.edu/art-criticism/1040/thumbnail.jp
Jag är normal fast annorlunda : Att leva med cystisk fibros
No full textBakgrund. Föräldrar upplever oro över att cystisk fibros ska få deras barn att uppleva sig annorlunda. På grund av en långvarig relation upplever sjuksköterskor det känslomässigt krävande att vårda en patient med cystisk fibros i livets slutskede. Problem. Få kunskap om den som är drabbad av CF upplever att sjukdomen är ett hinder för att leva. Syfte. Beskriva upplevelser av att leva med cystisk fibros. Metod. En kvalitativ ansats har använts i form av en litteraturstudie med beskrivande syntes av publicerade artiklar. Resultat. Det framkommer att människor med cystisk fibros har varierande upplevelser av begränsningar och autonomi. De upplever sig som normala utifrån sin livsstil samtidigt som de känner sig annorlunda. Ungdomar upplever svårigheter i vardagen och genomgår en process för att acceptera sjukdomen som en del av livet. Att uppleva ansvar över sin vård och sitt liv skapar upplevelse av självständighet vilket underlättar för den drabbade att uppleva sig som normal. Slutsatser. Det är svårt att acceptera ett liv med CF, den drabbade upplever sig som annorlunda samtidigt som de kämpar för att uppleva sig som normala. Ytterligare forskning behövs om vårdrelationen mellan sjuksköterska och patienten som är drabbad av CF.Background. Parents experience concern because cystic fibrosis will make their children experience themselves different. Because of a lengthy nurse-patient relationship the nurses‟ experience it is emotionally demanding to care for a patient with cystic fibrosis in the final phase of life. Problem. To get knowledge if the one affected by cystic fibrosis experience that the disease is an obstacle in life. Purpose. To describe experiences of living with cystic fibrosis. Method. A qualitative approach was used in the form of a literature study with a descriptive synthesis of published articles. Results. It appears that people with cystic fibrosis experience varied perceptions of limitations and autonomy. They experience themselves as normal as seen from their lifestyle at the same time as they felt different. Young people experience difficulties in their everyday life and go through a process of accepting the disease as a part of life. To experience responsibility over your care and life creates an experience of independence which makes it easier for the ones‟ affected to experience themselves as normal. Conclusions. It is difficult to accept a life with cystic fibrosis, the affected ones experience themselves as different at the same time as they struggle to experience themselves as normal. Further research is needed about the nurse-patient relationship between the nurse and the patient that is affected by cystic fibrosis
Ein Beitrag zu Kalibrationsverfahren für den Produktionstest von integrierten HF-Schaltungen
No full textContribution to Calibration-Techniques for In-Production Testing of Integrated RF-Circuits For in-production testing of packaged RFICs using ATE-systems a loadboard serves as adapter to devices under test (DUTs). Typically, calibration is performed up to the coaxial-connector of the loadboard. Since the calibration reference plane is at the coaxial-connector and not at the RF-ports of the DUT, the measurement data need to be corrected for the effects of the loadboard. For this purpose a set of custom calibration-standards in the package-style of the DUT are needed. Due to geometric constraints, especially in connection with inherent discontinuities, ideal calibration-standards in the style of RFIC-packages are very difficult to realize. A novel calibration-technique is presented, which is still applicable even if all of the calibration standards are non-ideal. With this calibration-technique it is now possible to calibrate the ATE-system up to the reference-plane of the DUT. The proposed calibration-procedure consists of two steps: one-port calibration and two-port calibration. Compared to a laboratory environment, measurement reproducibility in the production environment is worse. Taking advantage from the fact, that in the production environment there is only one type of DUTs to be measured, a one-port calibration method employing one DUT-replica (as an alternative-calibration-standard) is proposed. Combined with the aforementioned two-port calibration step this method allowed an improvement of de-embedding accuracy in spite of the worse measurement reproducibility. Further, the influence of the measurement reproducibility on the de-embedding accuracy is investigated. It turns out, that despite the possibility of error-correction by means of calibration and de-embedding the RF quality of the intervening hardware (loadboard and socket) has a significant influence on the accuracy of the corrected measurement data. Depending on the hardware properties the measurement variation will be transferred to the variation of the corrected data and hence contribute to de-embedding uncertainty. The socket significantly determines the measurement accuracy in the manufacturing-test of packaged RFICs. Repeatability experiments with two kinds of sockets were performed. It has been shown that beside the variation of contact resistance there is an additional effect responsible for the worsening of connection repeatability. Lateral mechanical play of pogo-pins inside the socket causes a shift of parasitic resonant frequencies. Depending on the mechanical design of the socket and in case one of the resonant frequencies coincides with the frequency of interest, connection repeatability would be seriously deteriorated. As the network analyzer cannot be connected directly to the contact-tips of the socket, it is difficult to directly measure the characteristic of the socket. To solve this problem a characterization method for non-connectable socket using two-tier calibration is introduced. Accurate characteristic of the socket is particularly necessary when calculating the matching-network on the loadboard. The calibration and de-embedding permit error correction of S-parameters data, which are ratios of two absolute powers. For the error-correction of the measured absolute power itself, the proposed calibration-technique is not adequate. Therefore, a power correction method based on the same algorithm as the proposed calibration-technique is developed. Furthermore, this method offers the possibility to take into account the drift of the socket properties (e.g. caused by wear or contamination buildup on the contact-tips) without the necessity of characterizing the socket. Through regular recalibrations the actual properties of the socket could be considered in the error-correction. On-wafer probing is also studied in this work. For the purpose of RF-probing, a well-defined line-impedance must be kept up along the RF-signal path up to the probe-tip. Due to the small geometry, realizing controlled line-impedances up to the probe-tip represents a complicated issue. After a thorough analysis of various basic shapes of conductor cross-sections an optimum shape could be derived. Hence, a novel concept for RF-probing is proposed, with which a controlled trace impedance up to the probe tip is achievable.In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden neuartige Kalibrationsverfahren und Deembedding-Methoden für den Produktionstest von gehäusten RFICs vorgestellt. Dabei wird insbesondere auf die Schwierigkeiten bei gängigen RFICs mit symmetrischen HF-Anschlusstoren in Verbindung mit der bis heute gebräuchlichen asymmetrischen Auslegung der HF-Testplattformen eingegangen. Weiterhin müssen die Besonderheiten bei Produktionstests berücksichtigt werden. Im Vergleich zur Labormessung gibt es deutliche Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Reproduzierbarkeit und der Vielfalt der Prüflinge. Aufgrund der geometrischen Gegebenheiten ist es äußerst schwierig, ideale Kalibrationsstandards in der Gehäusebauform der RFICs zu realisieren. Aus dem Vergleich und der Analyse der bestehenden Zweitor-Kalibrationsverfahren hat sich gezeigt, dass in der Literatur noch kein Zweitor-Kalibrationsverfahren für den Einsatzfall zu finden ist, wenn alle Kalibrationsstandards nicht-ideal sind. Mit dem entwickelten Kalibrationsverfahren ist es nun möglich, eine Zweitor-Kalibration bis zur Bezugsebene des Prüflings durchzuführen, auch wenn alle verwendeten Standards nicht-ideal sind. Allerdings müssen die Eigenschaften der Standards bekannt sein, was durch einmalige Charakterisierung mit dem Netzwerkanalysator möglich ist. Das entwickelte Kalibrationsverfahren erfolgt in zwei Kalibrationsschritten: der Eintor- und der Zweitor-Kalibration, wobei die Eintor-Kalibration im weiteren Teil der Arbeit für den Produktionstest optimiert wird. Konventionelle Kalibration und Deembedding gestatten nur eine Fehlerkorrektur der gemessenen S-Parameter, wobei die S-Parameter aus einem Leistungsverhältnis bestimmt werden. Um eine Korrektur der gemessenen Absolutleistung zu ermöglichen, wird eine Methode zum Deembedding der Leistung vorgestellt. Diese Methode eröffnet außerdem die Möglichkeit, das Driften des Kontaktwiderstands des Sockels durch Re-Kalibrationen in gewissen zeitlichen Abständen für die Fehlerkorrektur zu erfassen, ohne dass dabei der Sockel jedes Mal separat charakterisiert werden muss. Ausgehend von der Testsituation in der Produktionsumgebung, die sich durch begrenzte Messreproduzierbarkeit (z.B. durch Abnutzung und Verschmutzung der Kontakte) und hohe Stückzahlen des gleichen Prüflingstyps auszeichnet, wird weiterhin ein neuartiges Eintor-Kalibrationsverfahren unter Verwendung eines Alternativ-Kalibrationsstandards vorgestellt. Das Eintor-Kalibrationsverfahren ist für den Produktionstest optimiert und kann mit dem entwickelten Zweitor-Kalibrationsverfahren kombiniert werden. Durch die Verwendung einer Prüflingsnachbildung als Alternativ-Kalibrationsstandard wird trotz der begrenzten Messreproduzierbarkeit eine Erhöhung der Deembedding-Genauigkeit für den betrachteten Prüflingstyp durch Messungen nachgewiesen. Anschließend wird die Problematik der begrenzten Reproduzierbarkeit im Produktionstest zunächst theoretisch untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass trotz der Möglichkeit der Fehlerkorrektur durch Kalibration und Deembedding die HF-Eigenschaften der Hardware (insbesondere des Loadboards und des Sockels) eine entscheidende Rolle für die Deembedding-Genauigkeit spielen, da die Messstreuung sich abhängig vom Wert des Fehlerterms der Hardware unterschiedlich stark auf die korrigierten Messdaten überträgt. Die Messreproduzierbarkeit ist beim Testen von gesockelten RFICs maßgeblich durch den Sockel bestimmt. Die Messstreuung ist hauptsächlich den Schwankungen des Kontaktwiderstands zuzurechnen. Aus den durchgeführten Messungen konnten jedoch anhand eines Beispiels die Schwankungen der Resonanzstellen als eine weitere Ursache für die Messstreuung identifiziert werden. Die Schwankungen der Resonanzstellen sind abhängig von dem lateralen Spiel der gefederten Kontaktstifte (Pogo-Pins) in ihrer Führungshülse im Sockel. Durch Beachtung dieser Erkenntnis kann durch eine entsprechende Konstruktion des Sockels diese Art der Streuung minimiert werden. Als weiteres Ergebnis bezüglich der Kalibration wird ein Verfahren zur Charakterisierung eines Sockels mit Hilfe eines zweistufigen Kalibrationsverfahrens vorgestellt. Dabei liegt die besondere Schwierigkeit darin, dass nach außen hin der Sockel nur von einer Anschlussseite mit einem Netzwerkanalysator beschaltet werden kann. Durch die vorgestellte Charakterisierungsmethode bietet sich eine Möglichkeit zur genaueren Dimensionierung der Anpassschaltungen. Die On-Wafer-Prüflingskontaktierung bildet einen weiteren Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit. Eine HF-gerechte Prüflingskontaktierung ist maßgeblich durch die Realisierung eines definierten Leitungswellenwiderstands bis zur Prüfspitze bestimmt, wobei die geometrischen Anforderungen an die Prüfspitze eine besondere Schwierigkeit darstellen. Nach einer Analyse der verschiedenen Leitungsformen wird eine optimale Leitungskontur entworfen, die die geometrischen Anforderungen bis zur Prüfspitze erfüllen kann. Diese Leitungskontur wird mit geeigneten Simulationsverfahren charakterisiert. Schließlich wird ein Konzept für eine HF-gerechte On-Wafer-Prüflingskontaktierung vorgestellt, mit dem die Einhaltung eines definierten Leitungswellenwiderstands bis zur Prüfspitze ermöglicht werden kann
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