1,720,955 research outputs found
AJUSTE, DESAJUSTE E REAJUSTE: O PAPEL DO FUNDO MONETÁRIO INTERNACIONAL NA ESTABILIZAÇÃO FINANCEIRA MUNDIAL
No full textDesde sua criação em 1944, o Fundo Monetário Internacional já sofreu
grandes crises de legitimidade; no entanto, após períodos de rejeição e limbo, a
instituição sempre logrou renascer das cinzas; argumentar-se-á que esta aparente
imortalidade do FMI é devida à capacidade da instituição de adequar-se aos novos
ciclos normativos que emergem de crises financeiras. Esta capacidade se
vincularia, por sua vez, à legitimidade da instituição relacionar-se à justificação
de sua atuação em coerência com o propósito para o qual teria sido criada.
Assim, se o discurso que emerge como consenso da análise das crises acusa a
instituição de ter tido parte nas causas da instabilidade, o realinhamento do FMI
à nova norma em ascensão pode resultar em mudanças em sua orientação
prática, como quando após a crise asiática teve sua relevância significativamente
reduzida com a adoção da política de supervisão e liberalização financeira ditada
pelo mercado, e não mais ordenada por si, ao longo dos anos 2000. Já a crise que
se desenvolve, ao final da primeira década do século XXI, com origem nos
maiores produtores de consenso sobre política macroeconômica — Estados
Unidos e União Européia — mostra-se como oportunidade para reajuste do papel
do Fundo em uma posição novamente central, propiciando uma análise dos
interesses diversos que esta instituição, com 187 Estados-membros e potencial de
levantamento de centenas de bilhões de dólares em poucos dias, é capaz de
atender ou suscitar em um cenário de maior equilíbrio financeiro nos países
emergentes e desequilíbrio nos grandes centros.Since its inception in 1944, the International Monetary Fund has suffered
major crises of legitimacy; however, after periods of rejection and limb, the
institution was always able to rise from the ashes. It will be argued that this
apparent immortality of the Fund is due to its ability to adapt to the new
normative cycles that emerge from financial crises. This ability could be traced to
the relation between the legitimacy of the institution and the justification of its
acts in coherence with the purpose for which it was created. In this sense, if the
discourse that emerges — as a consensus from the analyses of the crises —
accuses the institution of having had a part in the causes of the instability, the
realignment of the IMF to the new ascending norm may result in changes in its
practical orientations, as it happened, for instance, after the Asian crisis, when the
Fund had its relevance significantly reduced with the adoption of a policy of
market-led financial liberalization throughout the decade of 2000, replacing the
former model of IMF-led orderly liberalization. Finally, the crisis developed by
the end of the first decade of the XXI century and that originated in the largest
producers of macroeconomic policy consensus — the United States of America
and the European Union — presents itself as an opportunity for readjustment of
the Fund s role once again in a central position, allowing for the analysis of the
diverse interests that this institution — with its 187 member-States and potential
for raising hundreds of billions of dollars in a few days — is able to meet in a
scenario of greater financial balance among emerging markets, along with the
instability of the great centers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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