1,720,991 research outputs found
Does Government Research Funding to Universities Substitute, Complement or Leverage Industry Funding?. CeLEG Working Papers
No full textThere is increasing political pressures on universities to
raise research
funding
from
industry
and
contribute
actively
to
economic
development.
However,
whether
or
not
promotion
of
the
so
called
third
mission
in
universities,
of
interacting
with
industry,
is
effective
without
government
funding
remains
an
open
question,
and
we
do
not
know
whether
government
funding
‘crowds-‐out’
or
‘crowds-‐in’
business
funding.
In
this
paper
we
argue
that
government
funding
provides
universities
with
the
vital
resources
to
carry
out
research
activities
whose
results
can
be
transferred
at
a
later
stage
to
industry,
leveraging
private
funding.
It
is
inevitable,
therefore,
that
without
government
support
to
academic
institutions
knowledge
transfer
activities
will
be
hampered,
and
financial
cuts
to
universities
may
reduce
rather
than
foster
their
self-‐financing
capability.
The
empirical
analysis
presented
in
this
paper
is
based
on
financial
data
for
the
whole
population
of
Italian
university
departments
engaged
in
research
in
the
Engineering
and
Physical
Sciences.
Based
on
a
set
of
probit
and
tobit
cross-‐
section
and
panel
data
models
this
paper
investigates
the
impact
of
different
forms
of
public
funding
to
university
departments,
on
their
abilities
to
attract
private
funding
University regulation and university–industry interaction: a performance analysis of Italian academic departments
No full textIn a context characterized by public spending reviews and research funding shortages,
governments in several countries are putting pressure on universities to increase
their applied research activity, intensify their interaction with industry, and
attract funding from the nonacademic domain. The economic literature provides
rich evidence on the convergence between institutional factors and individual-level
characteristics that are influencing university involvement in knowledge transfer
activities. The aim of this article is to investigate the impact of universities’
regulation of knowledge transfer activities on the institutional capability to raise
funding from research contracts and consultancies. Based on extensive department-
level data on university funding, we address the characteristics of institutional
knowledge transfer practices and investigate how these activities influence
the intensity of funding to Italian universities
The two sides of academic research: do basic and applied activities complement each other?
No full textIt is generally acknowledged that the cuts in government funding for research implemented
in several European countries will induce academic researchers to increase their
interaction with industry to promote the acquisition of private funding for research.
Indirectly this implies that there will be a shift in the focus of academic scientific activity
from basic to applied research via private research contracts and consultancy work.
The aim of our paper is to assess the extent of the trade-off between basic research and
applied activity in academic research departments. We use data for the universe of Italian
academic departments over the period 2006–2011 and estimate whether increased
applied activity is substituting or complementing basic research activity. We provide
empirical evidence of a strong substitution effect for life sciences departments, but this
was less for engineering and technology departments, while there does not seem to
be evidence of a substitution effect for departments whose scientific activity revolves
around basic science
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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