28 research outputs found
La détection automatique multilingue d’énoncés biaisés dans Wikipédia
Full text linkNous proposons une méthode multilingue pour l'extraction de phrases biaisées de Wikipédia, et l'utilisons pour créer des corpus en bulgare, en français et en anglais. En parcourant l'historique des révisions des articles, nous cherchons ceux qui, à un moment donné, avaient été considérés en violation de la politique de neutralité de Wikipédia (et corrigés par la suite). Pour chacun de ces articles, nous récupérons la révision signalée comme biaisée et la révision qui semble avoir corrigé le biais. Ensuite, nous extrayons les phrases qui ont été supprimées ou réécrites dans cette révision. Cette approche permet d'obtenir suffisamment de données même dans le cas de Wikipédias relativement petites, comme celle en bulgare, où de 62 000 articles nous avons extrait 5 000 phrases biaisées. Nous évaluons notre méthode en annotant manuellement 520 phrases pour le bulgare et le français, et 744 pour l'anglais. Nous évaluons le niveau de bruit, ses sources et analysons les formes d’expression de biais. Enfin, nous utilisons les données pour entrainer et évaluer la performance d’algorithmes de classification bien connus afin d’estimer la qualité et le potentiel des corpus.We propose a multilingual method for the extraction of biased sentences from Wikipedia, and use it to create corpora in Bulgarian, French and English. Sifting through the revision history of the articles that at some point had been considered biased and later corrected, we retrieve the last tagged and the first untagged revisions as the before/after snapshots of what was deemed a violation of Wikipedia’s neutral point of view policy. We extract the sentences that were removed or rewritten in that edit. The approach yields sufficient data even in the case of relatively small Wikipedias, such as the Bulgarian one, where 62k articles produced 5 thousand biased sentences. We evaluate our method by manually annotating 520 sentences for Bulgarian and French, and 744 for English. We assess the level of noise and analyze its sources. Finally, we exploit the data with well-known classification methods to detect biased sentences
CAREER ATTITUDES OF STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS OF TRANSITION TO UPPER SECONDARY EDUCATION
No full textThe behavioural dimensions of students' career choices in the process of transition to upper secondary education are of particular pedagogical interest. Studying career attitudes will not only contribute to outlining the status, completeness and effective use of personal pathsbut will also provide efficient means by which the future professional career will be pursued.
The conducted original study included 64 seventh-grade students from educational institutions, typical for the Bulgarian education system. The behavioural dimensions of a career choice, i.e. Planning and exploration, were studied using a self-evaluation rating scale. It included a series of questions for the respondent, to self-report on the degree of expression of the relevant aspect of their career choice.
The actual expression of career attitudes in seventh-graders is determined by a small number of internal factors (in most cases two) of well-defined nature for each career development component. For the planning part, they are related to specifying the perceptions of career goals and their temporal boundaries. For the exploration part, the factors reflect the nature of the information source, i.e. informal or institutionalized.
The study of the behavioural dimensions of career development forms a basis for conclusions on students' readiness to make informed career choices and their needs in this regard. In this way, the place and role of the school as a socializing institution in the process of personal development are outlined
MANAGEMENT OF GRADUATE STUDENT’S THESIS WRITING THROUGH A SPECIALIZED SOFTWARE SYSTEM
Full text linkThe inclusion of Learning Management Systems (LMSs) in the Bulgarian academic institutions has augmented students’ learning experience. The paper presents a software system for managing and supporting the interaction between graduate students and their supervisors in the course of theses writing. The system allows to plan, manage and track the progress of students’ theses/graduation projects. The author makes a comprehensive critical examination of the specialized software systems’ impact on the process of teaching and learning. Further studies and practical implications are also discussed
Professional Satisfaction Of Pharmacists Working In An Open Type Pharmacy
Full text linkЛекарственото обслужване на населението и лечебните заведения е неделима част от общата организация на медицинското обслужване на населението. Грижата на фармацевтите е от съществено значение за общественото здраве. В статията се анализира професионалната удовлетвореност от труда на фармацевтите. Силно влияние върху професионалната удовлетвореност оказват възможностите за кариерно развитие, заплащането на труда, професионалната ангажираност и сплотеността на персонала. Проблемът за удовлетвореността е сложен субективен показател за отношението към труда и е тясно свързан с лоялността на персонала, привързаността към организацията и желанието да се вложат максимум усилия за нейното проспериране.Целта на настоящата разработка е да се проучи професионалната удовлетвореност на фармацевти, работещи в аптеки от открит тип.Проведено е анонимно анкетно проучване сред фармацевти, работещи в аптеки от открит тип на територията на град Варна. Проучването е проведено през октомври 2017 г.Анализът на удовлетвореността от работното място показва, че по-голямата част от фармацевтите са доволни от аптеката в която работят.Drug services provided to the population and medical institutions are an integral part of the general organization of medical care for the society. The care of pharmacists is essential for public health. The article analyzes the pharmacists’ professional satisfaction with their work. The opportunities for career development, salaries, professional engagement and friendly environment have a strong influence on professional satisfaction. The problem of satisfaction is a complex subjective indicator of attitude towards work and is closely related to staff loyalty, attachment to the organization, and the desire to put in as much effort as possible to succeed.The purpose of this research is to study the professional satisfaction of pharmacists working in open type pharmacies.An anonymous survey was conducted among pharmacists working in open type pharmacies on the territory of the city of Varna. The survey was conducted in October 2017. The analysis of the job satisfaction shows that the majority of pharmacists are content with the pharmacy they work in
Verbal and musical choral actions in theatrical productions. Methodological and music staging aspects
Full text linkThe text is based on two realized theatre events. „Medea†by Euripidies (producer Desislava Shpatova, Plovdiv, 2020) and „Oedipus The Tiran – choruses) acting studio „Sound, Text, Melos†based on fragments from Sophocles’ tragedy (NBU, The Red House, Sofia, 2017). In the text, the author presents new approaches to the interpretation of traditional choruses in ancient Greek theater. He examines not only his own compositional techniques for creating choral episodes, but also various aspects of the preparatory rehearsal process, as well as describing some of the difficulties that theatre actors and students face in meeting such choral practices. He shares his preparatory and musicalstaging methods for the achievement of theatrical-musical unity and integrity in the choral episodes in the considered productions
Specifics of pharmaceutical care for children
Full text linkProviding pharmaceutical care for children can be challenging, especially when selecting an appropriate medicinal product, determining the correct dosage, and choosing the proper route of administration. Pharmacists share responsibility for the treatment outcome together with other healthcare professionals and patients. The role of the pharmacist is particularly important in the use of medicines in pediatrics, especially regarding the provision of information and proper counseling of parents. Practice shows that parents often turn to pharmacists for advice on prevention or at the early stages of their children's illnesses. Pharmacists must exercise particular caution when treating children, as they represent a more vulnerable group of patients. One of the pharmacist’s most important tasks is to build trust with the parent of the sick child and to emphasize the importance of strictly adhering to the prescribed therapy. The responsible behavior of parents, combined with the pharmacist’s professional competence, is essential to ensure the safe and effective use of medicines in children. Pharmaceutical care in pediatric drug therapy requires consideration of a number of specific factors, such as effective communication with parents, accurate and precise dosing of medicinal products, the selection of an appropriate dosage form, and other relevant aspects. All these aspects highlight the importance of the pharmacist’s active involvement in pediatric drug therapy as a key factor for achieving optimal therapeutic outcomes. Pharmaceutical care for children requires in-depth knowledge, a high level of responsibility, and an individualized approach to each young patient to ensure safety, effectiveness, and high-quality care.
Medical devices, requirements for free sale and being funded by the national health insurance fund
Full text linkМедицински изделия според Закона за лекарствата и аптеките в хуманната медицина (ЗЛАХМ) са тези изделия, използвани самостоятелно или в комбинация, включително и с необходимия за прилагането им софтуер, които не постигат основното си действие във или върху човешкото тяло чрез фармакологичен или имунологичен ефект или повлияване на метаболизма. Предназначени са за диагностициране, предпазване, наблюдение, лечение и облекчаване на заболяванията, травми, инвалидност; изследване, замяна или модифициране на анатомията или физиологични функции; контрол на бременността. Тоест медицинските изделия включват технологични изделия, използвани за медицинско лечение на пациенти, за диагностика или хирургични операции. Медицинските изделия постигат ефекта, за който са предназначени основно физически, за разлика от лекарствата, чието въздействие е най-вече химическо. Лицето, което носи отговорност за пускането на пазара на медицински изделия, е производителят. Медицинските изделия трябва да имат нанесена маркировка `СЕ` за съответствие със съществуващите изисквания. Органът, който осъществява контрол върху съхранението, търговията на едро, клиничните изпитвания и безопасността на медицинските изделия, е Изпълнителната агенция по лекарствата (ИАЛ). Медицински изделия се отпускат само от аптеки, работещи по договор с Националната здравноо-сигурителна каса (НЗОК), съобразно законовите нормативни документи, както и условията и реда за отпускане, вписани в сключените индивидуални договори. Медицинските изделия се предписват на отделна рецептурна бланка на хронично болни пациенти най-често при диабет, астма и за стомирано болни. Медицинските изделия обхващат широк спектър от продукти, от използвани вкъщи пластири, контактни лещи и тестове за бременност, до стоматологични запълващи материали, рентгенови апарати, пейсмейкъри, гръдни импланти, заместители на тазобедрената става и кръвни тестове за HIV. На пазара съществуват над 500 000 различни типове изделия в съответните в зависимост от риска.Medical devices according to the Law for Medicinal Products and Pharmacies in Human Medicine, are those producrs used on their own or in combination, including the software required for their application, which do not achieve their essential action in or on the human body by pharmacological or immunological effect or metabolism response. They are designed to diagnose, prevent, monitor, treat and alleviate diseases, injuries, disability; examination, replacement or modification of anatomy or physiological functions; pregnancy control. That is to say, medical devices include technological devices used for medical treatment of patients, for diagnosis or surgical opera-tions. Medical devices achieve the effect for which they are mainly intended physically, unlike drugs whose effects are mostly chemical. The manufacturer is the person responsible for putting the medical devices on the market. They must be labelled ‘CE` to comply with the existing requirements. The body that controls the storage, wholesale, clinical testing and safety of medical products is the Bulgarian Drug Agency (BDA). They are supplied only by pharmacies operating under a contract with the National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF), in compliance with the legal normative documents, as well as the terms and procedures for supply, mentioned in the individual contracts that have been signed. Medical devices are prescribed on a separate prescription form for patients suffering from chronic diseases, most commonly diabetes, asthma and patients with stoma. Medical devices cover a wide range of products from sticking plasters, contact lenses and pregnancy tests, used at home, to dental filling materials, X-ray equipment, pacemakers, breast implants, hip replacements, and blood tests for HIV. There are over 500,000 different types of products on the market depending on the risk
