1,720,981 research outputs found
Lesson Learned by the New Italian Law on Limited Tax Shield od debt: Much Ado about Nothing
No full textConsultazione pubblica della Banca d'Italia in merito a “Disposizioni di vigilanza in materia di gruppo bancario cooperativo”
Full text linkhttp://www.bancaditalia.it/compiti/vigilanza/normativa/consultazioni/2016/gruppo-bancario-cooperativo/Proff-Lanzavecchia-Tagliavini.pd
Riforma delle Bcc: una frattura tra cittadino e bene comune
Full text linkL'obiettivo della riforma del credito cooperativo era «rafforzarlo, renderlo più resistente agli shock, mettere gli istituti nelle condizioni di inanziare adeguatamente l’economia reale e quindi favorire la crescita e l’occupazione». Eppure distrutto il principio di libertà di impresa (alle cooperative dissenzienti è sancita l’estinzione), distrutta la democrazia interna alle imprese (il potere di gestione e di indirizzo della banca è ora esterno alla compagine societaria), invertito il rapporto tra potere esecutivo e potere legislativo della Repubblica (non c’è più un legame tra elettore e organo legislativo), si crea una frattura, un solco, tra cittadino e bene comune; si recide il legame tra responsabilità e azione
Consultazione pubblica alle disposizioni in materia di “raccolta del risparmio dei soggetti diversi dalle banche”
Full text linkLe società cooperative con più di 50 soci possono essere “effettivamente” o “solo formalmente vestite” da cooperative. Alle prime, si applica il favor legis che trova fondamento nell’art. 45 della Costituzione e le Leggi che a questo si conformano per la sua attuazione; alle seconde, quella generale sulle società di capitali. L’attività cooperativa è sempre finalizzata ad un bene comune, individuato e condiviso dai soci. Pertanto, solo nel caso di fondi raccolti con vincolo di destinazione è riscontrabile la caratteristica distintiva della cooperazione e quindi rientrante a pieno titolo nel regime speciale. Al di fuori di questa fattispecie, pur formalmente raccolto da una società cooperativa, siamo in presenza di raccolta di risparmio a fini di investimento per mero profitto. Un intervento ben più inciso sarebbe quello di prescrivere la scissione societaria dell’attività di intermediazione finanziaria (raccolta e impiego di capitale) da quella istituzionale “non finanziaria”. Con riferimento al social lending, la regolamentazione in parola dovrebbe essere estesa, aggiungendo un terzo caso al quinto comma, di esonero dal novero della raccolta di risparmio tra il pubblico:
“– l’acquisizione di fondi effettuata tramite piattaforme internet based gestite da enti partecipati o promossi da banche o enti iscritti in associazioni internazionali tra operatori della finanza etica o dell’alternative banking. Ai fini della presente, per “associazioni internazionali tra operatori della finanza etica o dell’alternative banking” si intendono associazioni o consorzi i cui partecipanti siano enti residenti in almeno tre diversi Stati e di cui almeno un terzo dei membri siano enti sottoposti alla vigilanza prudenziale nello Stato di residenza; gli enti associati devono avere per finalità della propria attività il beneficio per le persone, l’ambiente o le comunità tramite l’esercizio dell’attività finanziaria e i servizi accessori.
How Euro shrinks democracy: insights from the Greek crisis
Full text linkThe adoption of a single currency in Europe is a pure political project. What we have learned from Greek crisis is that being in the Eurozone means that creditors can destroy a national economy and seize public assets if the government steps out of line. To keep the European project alive, we here call for a fundamental reform on sovereign debt: switching from a goal to which policy is constrained, back to a tool to serve policy aims. In a distressed country, lenders has the power to forces the borrower to accept and to adopt restrictive spending policies that defend their interest at the expense of citizen’s ones. Eventually, this leads inevitably to the loss of autonomy in borrower’s decisions on fiscal policy, spending policy, public properties. If the cause for this degenerative process is the privilege on sovereign debt, then we need to find a new framework that reclassifies the public debt as functional to human development rather than individual profits. A country shall not be allowed to repay a debt that goes beyond its repayment capacity. The maximum payback capacity shall be settled before the credit is granted as a fraction of its primary balance. As such, the amount of primary balance not pledged to the repayment of the debt shall be always available to the government to undertake investments, social or security expenses and to face unexpected events. If this rule were implemented, the capital market would be automatically regulated: the debt that exceeds that threshold would be automatically written-off
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Facing the Climate Change Mitigation Challenge: A Shift to Biodiversity and Global Justice Imperative
Full text linkThis chapter examines the interconnected challenges of climate change mitigation, biodiversity loss, and the pursuit of economic growth. It argues that the effort to mitigate climate change has been effectively lost due to continued reliance on fossil fuels and inadequate reductions in emissions. The author contends that protecting biodiversity and land conservation should now be the paramount priority. The chapter critiques the myth of green growth; and decoupling economic activity from environmental pressures. It advocates a shift towards constructive austerity, reducing excessive consumption in wealthy nations to alleviate strain on the planet's finite resources. The chapter calls for a profound cultural transformation
that prioritises community interdependence over materialistic pursuits as an alternative to the prevailing economic paradigm
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