1,720,996 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Sobreexpresión del ARN mensajero de las oncoproteínas E6-E7 del virus del papiloma humano y detección de P16INK4a en la lesión escamosa intraepitelial de bajo grado de cérvix uterino
Get PDFDescripció del recurs: 17 juny 2010La duración media de la infección por VPH oscila entre 6-12 meses y 2 años. Las lesiones CIN I regresan en el 60%, persisten en el 30%, progresan a CIN 3 en el 10% y a cáncer invasor en el 1%. La tasa de falsos positivos de H-SIL en diagnósticos citológicos oscila entre el 8% y el 12%. A su vez, entre un 23% y un 55% de casos tratados con asa diatérmica en diagnósticos previos de posible lesión intraepitelial de bajo grado (L-SIL), el resultado anátomo-patológico final era una neoplasia intraepitelial de alto grado (H-SIL, CIN II-III). En las citologías compatibles con ASCUS, la realización de un test de VPH ha demostrado una mayor sensibilidad que volver a repetir la citología, aunque a expensas de una menor especificidad. Pero no ocurre en los L-SIL, ya que la mayoría presentan una infección subyacente por VPH de alto riesgo. Debido que no existe un test viral con evidencia probada que pueda predecir la evolución de las lesiones L-SIL, se realiza este estudio prospectivo de seguimiento de pacientes con diagnóstico citológico L-SIL, con el objetivo de identificar los casos con posibles lesiones de alto grado subyacentes que podrían desapercibidas, evitar una sobrecarga asistencial y minimizar los riesgos de sobre-tratamientos innecesarios. Se seleccionaron 277 casos (1,73%) diagnosticados de L-SIL, por citología líquida, del total de 16.022 citologías cérvico-vaginales realizadas en Hospital Universitario del Mar de Barcelona entre 15/diciembre/2004 y 15/octubre/2005. Se inició un estudio prospectivo, se realizó técnica PCR en todas ellas. Se excluyeron los casos VPH negativos (19,4%), VPH positivos de bajo riesgo oncogénico (22,02%) y se aplicaron unos criterios de exclusión. El tiempo mínimo de seguimiento fue de 24 meses. Se cuantifica el porcentaje de células que sobreexpresan ARN mensajero E6-E7, a partir de muestras descongeladas, empleando hibridación in situ mediante inmunofluorescencia ultrasensitiva y posterior análisis con citometría de flujo. Se detecta la positividad de la proteína16INK4a, inhibidora de las quinasas ciclina-dependientes (puntuación nuclear Wentzensen), y se introduce un nuevo sistema de puntuación nuclear (puntuación nuclear Wentzensen modificada). Se realiza el estudio inmunohistoquímico de p16INK4a en las biopsias cervicales y en las conizaciones. El análisis estadístico se realiza mediante el paquete SPSS 15.0. Se utiliza test de Chi-cuadrado en el análisis bivariado de evolución de la lesión y variables categóricas (P. exacta de Fischer si no se cumplen los criterios de Chi-cuadrado). Para las variables E6-E7, puntuación nuclear Wentzensen y Wentzensen modificada, se utiliza el test no paramétrico U de Mann-Whitnney y se realiza la curva de rendimiento diagnóstico-ROC para obtener el punto de corte de mayor discriminación respecto a la variable evolución L-SIL calculando la sensibilidad y especificidad para cada uno de los puntos de corte de cada variable (p 0,005). Se aplican modelos de regresión logística usando Statgraphics Plus Windows v.5.1. La cuantificación de E6-E7, positivo &2%, se obtiene una sensibilidad de 80% y especificidad 64% (p=0,002). El estudio inmunocitoquímico de p16INK4a según la puntuación de Wentzensen, positivo >2, la sensibilidad es 21,4% y la especificidad 96,4% (p=0,101) y al utilizar la puntuación Wentzensen modificada, positivo >2, la sensibilidad es 42,9% y la especificidad 84,6% (p=0,041). Según los resultados de este trabajo, ambos marcadores son de utilidad en el seguimiento de las pacientes con diagnóstico citológico de L-SIL, tanto al identificar a las pacientes sin riesgo que pueden volver al cribado habitual, como al aumentar la sensibilidad en detectar las pacientes con mayor riesgo de presentar un futura progresión de la lesión cervical intraepitelial, manteniendo una elevada especificidad. Se debería establecer un control de calidad internacional, consistente y bien estandarizado, que compare los diferentes métodos y permita obtener una validación clínica para poderlos aplicar en los programas rutinarios.The average duration of a HPV (human papilloma virus) infection ranges between 6-12 months and 2 years. CIN I lesions regress in 60%, persist in 30%, progress to CIN 3 in 10% and lead to an invasive cancer in 1% of the cases. The H-SIL rate of false positives after a cytological diagnosis varies from 8% to 12%. At the same time, between 23% and 55% of the cases with a previous diagnosis of a possible low-grade intraepithelial lesion (L-SIL) and which were treated with a diathermic loop ended up with a final histopathologic evaluation of a high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (H-SIL, CIN II-III). In the ASCUS compatible cytologies to carry out a HPV test showed a greater sensibility rather than repeating the cytology, even though at a lower specificity. However, this is not the case with the L-SIL compatible cytologies, since most of them show an underlying high-risk HPV infection. The lack of a proven evidence viral test, able to predict the evolution of a L-SIL lesion, led to a prospective follow-up study of patients with a cytological diagnose of L-SIL. The objective was not only to identify those cases with possible underlying high-grade lesions, which could go unnoticed, but also to avoid a healthcare overload and minimize all risks derived from unnecessary treatments. Out of 16.022 cervico-vaginal cytologies carried out at the Barcelona Hospital Universitario del Mar between Dec/15/2004 and Oct/15/2005, 277 cases previously diagnosed as L-SIL by liquid base cytology were selected. A prospective follow-up study was then started. A PCR technique was applied in all cases. Both the VPH negative cases (19,4%) and the VPH positive ones with low oncogenic risk (22,02%) were excluded. Some exclusion criteria were applied. The minimal follow-up was 24 months. Using frozen samples as starting material, the proportion of cells with an overexpression of the E6-E7 messenger was qualified. For this, first the in situ hybridization technique with ultra-sensitive immunofluorescence was applied. Finally a flow cytometric analysis was performed. A positive protein p16INK4a expression was then detected, an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, (Wentzensen nuclear score) and therefore a new nuclear score was introduced (modified Wentzensen nuclear score). A p16INK4a immunohistochemical study was carried out both for the cervical biopsies and the conizations. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 15.0. The chi-square test was used for both the bivariate analysis of lesion evolution and the categorical variables (Fischer's exact P. if the chi-square criteria are not fulfilled). For E6-E7 variables, Wentzensen nuclear score and Wentzensen modified nuclear score, the Mann-Whitnney U non-parametric test was used. Furthermore, the Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was employed with the objective of setting the highest discrimination cut-off point in relation to the L-SIL evolution variable. For each variable cut off value both sensibility and specificity calculations were carried out (p 0,005). Logistic regression models were applied by using Statgraphics Plus Windows v.5.1. For the E6-E7 quantification (positive &2%) a sensibility of 80% and a specificity of 64% were obtained (p=0,002). For the pp16INK4a immunocytochemical study, following Wentzensen score, positive >2, a sensibility of 21,4% and a specificity of 96,4% (p=0,101) were obtained. If the Wentzensen modified score was used, positive >2, then a sensibility of 42,9% and a specificity of 84,6% (p=0,041) were obtained. Following this study's results, both markers are useful when following up patients with a cytological diagnose of L-SIL. This works not only when identifying patients with no risk, who could go back to regular screening programs, but also when increasing the sensibility to detect patients with a higher risk of developing a future progression of the intraepithelial cervical lesion, while maintaining a high specificity
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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