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The Automation of Cap Packaging in AS Dale LD.
No full textLõputöö eesmärgiks oli koostada eskiis automatiseeritud pakkeliinile ja saada sellele hinnapakkumine. Olles pakkeliini eskiisi koostamise protsessis analüüsinud tööjõu olukorda Dales ja sellega seotud kulusid ning vaadanud LEAN põhimõtetest lähtuvalt tootmise efektiivsust, leiab autor, et automatiseerimine on ettevõtte konkurentsivõime ja tuleviku seisukohalt kriitilise tähtsusega. Käsitsi pakkimisele kuluv ressurss ja tööjõu otsimisele kuluv aeg moodustavad olulise osa ettevõtte kuludest, mida oleks võimalik LEANi rakendamise ja pakkeprotsessi automatiseerimisega vähendada. Automatiseerimine aitab ka vältida ületootmist, reageerida kiireloomulisematele tellimustele ja parendada materjali planeerimist tootmises. Juurutatud SMED lahendus aitab küll kaasa sujuvamatele üleminekutele ühelt tootelt teisele, kuid inimtöö jõudlus seab suuremale tootlikkusele piirid ette. Kuna ettevõte tootmisüksus tegutseb ööpäev läbi, siis oleks tootlikkuse kasvuks ainus võimalus suurendada survevalumasinate arvu koos survevaluvormidega ning palgata lisatööjõudu. Antud lahendus oleks veelgi kulukam kui automatiseerimine.
Siinkohal on oluline juhtkonna valmisolek muudatuste elluviimiseks ja töötajate kaasamiseks. Tuleb olla kursis uue tehnoloogia arenguga ja jälgida, kuidas käituvad teised samas tööstussektoris toimivad ettevõtted. Autori arvates ei pea tingimata olema tehnoloogliste uuendustega esirinnas, kuid sellele valdkonnale tähelepanu mittepööramine võib viia ettevõtte arengu langusesse, sest odavamate toodete nimel tuleb optimeerida tootmist maksimaalselt, et olla turul konkurentsivõimelisem. Kuigi tootmisteooriatega ollakse enamikus ettevõtetes kursis, arendavad ja kasutavad neid igapäevatöös vähesed.
Pakkeliini eskiisi koostamisel ilmnesid toote iseärasused, millega on vaja automaatliini kasutamisel arvestada rohkem kui seni käsitsi pakkides. Nimelt on oluline saada korgid enne reastamist kõik õigetpidi (korgi kõrvad peavad asetsema selliselt, et need ei puutuks kokku kasti seinaga), et tööstusrobotil oleks võimalik neid pakkida. Selle probleemi lahendamiseks sai kavandatud harjastega pööraja, mis määrab ära korgi kõrvade asetuse enne rea moodustumist. Tööstusrobot peab korgid kasti pakkima kiht korraga, sest üksikult pakkides võivad korgid kastis vibratsiooni tõttu külili vajuda ja see takistab roboti edasist tööd.
Automatiseeritud lahendus on ainuke alternatiivne lahendus käsitööle, mis aitab ettevõttel hoida kokku tööjõukulutuste arvelt. Eskiisi tegemisel jälgiti ka LEAN tootmise teooriaid rõhuasetusega raiskamiste vähendamisele, milleks antud juhul on peamiselt tööjõuga seotud protsessid, üle- ja alatootmine. Tootlikkuse vaatenurgast on käsitöö aeglane ja seni kuni korke pakitakse käsitsi, pole võimalik tootlikkust tõsta. Automatiseerimise ja uue survevaluvormiga on võimalik pakkimise tootlikkust tõsta 48%.
Tänu esialgsele hinnapakkumisele oli võimalik arvestada tasuvusaeg võrrelduna inimtööjõukuludega, milleks kujunes 2,8 aastat. Ettevõtte juhtkond jäi autori poolt esitatud eskiisi ja tasuvusanalüüsiga rahule ning kiitis heaks projektiga seotud investeeringud.
Autor soovib tänada Hendrik Rossi Aramet OÜ-st ja Ken Varikut Atemix tööstusautomaatika OÜ-st, kes suutsid autori soovid ja visiooni joonisele panna.The topic of The Automation of Cap Packaging in Dale LD. AS is the automation of the packaging process of PU foam bottle caps in Dale LD. AS and the effect this automation project will have on cutting down on production and labour costs and minimising waste.
Solving the issue of labour costs has become particularly acute in the last few years since the outbreak of the Covid19 pandemic and the full-scale war in Ukraine, because these factors have elicited an overall increase in prices, which in turn has brought about an urgent need to increase wages in addition to already higher production costs. A preliminary technical design for the automated packaging line will be drafted as a result, which will serve as the basis for actual price offers from potential manufacturers. As the theoretical background for the automation project the author of the thesis has chosen the theory of Lean Management, at the core of which is the principle of cost minimisation and the elimination of waste. The automated packaging line will enable the company not only to decrease labour costs that are currently high due to the fact that the caps are hand-packed, but to manage the risk of finding workers to perform the packaging operations in the first place. The process of hand-packing caps is physically demanding, monotonous, and due to the pace of the injection moulding process it demands constant attention and commitment, which does not allow for sufficient breaks during the shift. The work is carried out in three shifts, which means the demand for workers enable to perform the task is big. The demand for capable workers increases during the vacation period or in case of illnesses. Managing those risks is one of the main objectives of setting up the automated packaging line.The automated packaging line will also increase production capacity, reduce waste and enable smoother transitions in the injection moulding component of the production process through the application of the SMED method. The author describes the technical requirements that the automated line has to meet in order to function according to the demands of the packaging process and taking into account the limitations set by the constructional peculiarities of the PU foam bottle caps. The author regards automation as an important prerequisite for increasing the company’s competitiveness and for meeting the demands of modern industry.
In order to predict the cost effects of the devised automated packaging line, the author has made calculations based on the company’s labour cost data available from previous years, predictions provided by the major clients of PU foam bottle caps, and has compared the results to the estimated cost of the automated solution. Based on the cost-benefit analysis the author has established that the costs of the automation project will pay off in 2.8 years
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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