31 research outputs found
DETERMINATION OF ECONOMIC NITROGEN RATE, GROWTH, YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF TRANSPLANTED AUS VARIETIES
No full textA Thesis
Submitted to the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture,
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka in partial
fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (MS)
IN
AGRONOMYA field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Bangladesh Rice Research
Institute, Gazipur, Dhaka during the period from April to September 2019 to determine
growth, yield, and nitrogen uptake and to determine the economic nitrogen application
rates for popular transplanted aus varieties. The experiment was carried out in a
randomized complete block design (RCBD) factorial with two factors. Factor A: three
varieties as- BR26, BRRI dhan48, and BRRI dhan82; and Factor B: five levels of
nitrogen rates as- 0, 40, 60, 80, 100 kg ha
ii
-1
. The experimental data shows significance
in the individual effect of variety and N rates on the grain yield and yield components
but the combined effect of variety and N fertilizer rates was not significant. The grain
yields of different varieties in different nitrogen levels would be explained by its panicle
density, grains panicle
-1
, and 1000-grain weight. The highest panicle m
(269.67),
grains panicle
-1
(106.00) was produced in BRRI dhan48 with N
80
treated plots which
the 1000-grain weight (22.85) was produced in BRRI dhan82 with N
80
. The highest
grain yield of 5.52 t ha
-1
was produced in BRRI dhan48 followed by BRRI dhan82 (4.52
t ha
-1
) and BR26 (4.51 t ha
-1
) with N
80
treated plots. The individual effect of variety and
N rate was significant in the case of N concentration, N uptake in grain and straw, and
nitrogen harvest index (NHI). Overall, the increased N rate increasing the N
concentration of grain and straw irrespective of varieties. The higher N concentration
and uptake were observed when N was applied at the rate of N
60
-N
100
kg ha
in all the
varieties. Among the varieties, BRRI dhan82 should the higher N uptake (61.23 kg ha
1
) in grain. Higher total N uptake was also observed in BRRI dhan48 at the rate of 80
kg N ha
-1
. NHI ranged from 55 to 72 % in different N levels, indicated 55 to 72% of
the absorbed N translocated to the grains, and 45% to 32% remained in the dry matter
of the varieties. The estimated economic nitrogen dose for maximum yield was
determined by regression analysis and found that N rates of BR26, BRRI dhan48, and
BRRI dhan82 were 97, 95, and 55 kg ha
-1
, respectively. The findings of this study
indicated that response of different N rate on three aus varieties was linear upto 80 kg
N ha
-1
which might be owing to better N uptake leading to a higher number of panicles
and grains panicle
-1
and that made yield increase, thereafter the response decreased.
The study findings of the suggest that variety-specific N fertilization based on soil N
status of aus rice is the best N management practice to maximize rice yield avoiding
the excess use of N fertilizer
INDUCTION OF DROUGHT TOLERANCE CAPABILITY OF SOYBEAN THROUGH MANNITOL AND HYDROPRIMING
No full textSubmitted to the Department of Agronomy
Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka
in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of
MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.S.)
IN
AGRONOMY
Semester: Jan-June, 2018The experiments were conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural
University, during the period from April to May 2018 to investigate the potentiality of seed
priming for induction of drought tolerance capability and the pre-sowing seed treatment with
mannitol on germination behavior and growth of soybean (BARI soybean 5 and BARI soybean
6) under drought stress conditions. The whole study was divided into three experiments. In the
first experiment, two soybean varieties were surface sterilized with 75% of alcohol for 5 min
and soaked in water and 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8% mannitol for 6 hours and dry seed used as control.
Then the seeds were dried in room temperature to regain normal condition. Seeds primed with
6% mannitol of BARI soybean 6 showed higher germination percentage (96.70%), shoot length
(86.92mm), root length (55.44mm), relative water content (95.41%), coefficient of germination
(22.82%) and vigor index (137.7) than seeds without priming(control) of BARI soybean 5 in
germination percentage (69.00%), shoot length (28.30mm), root length (17.20mm) , relative
water content (67.58%), coefficient of germination (15.50%) and vigor index (31.38). In the
second experiment, BARI soybean 6 was primed in 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 hours under both 6%
mannitol solution and distilled water, respectively. Priming time 6 hours with 6% mannitol
showed the best result for increasing the effectiveness in inducing drought tolerance in all
parameters except WSD (water saturation deficit). In the third experiment, seeds were primed
with distilled water and 6% mannitol for 6 hours and primed seeds were placed under control and
drought stress condition induce by 5% PEG,10% PEG, 15% PEG and 20% PEG solution in Petri
dish. Drought tolerance capability increased in osmopriming over hydropriming. These result
suggest that soybean seeds primed with 6% mannitol for 6 hours showed the best result than
hydropriming. This priming concentration and time helps to induce drought tolerance capability
of soybean and also helps to enhance germination, growth of seedlings and water relation
behavior under such stress conditions
The role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin-mediated actions on osteoblasts and osteoclasts differentiation, bone formation, bone microarchitecture, and bone biomechanics
No full textMelatonin, the main endogenous hormone to entrain the circadian system, is not limited to its role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle; rather, it affects a wide variety of systems involving antioxidant, anti-inflammation, blood pressure regulation, seasonal reproduction, ovarian physiology, and immune function. Driven by the diversity of its action, melatonin for a long time has also been studied in the field of bone and mineral research both clinically and pre-clinically. Exogenous administration of melatonin in clinical trials in perimenopausal women (MOPS; NCT01152580); or postmenopausal women with osteopenia (MelaOST; NCT01690000 and MOTS; NCT01870115) confirmed improvement of bone mineral density (BMD) (MelaOST; MOTS) and bone marker turnover status (MOPS, MOTS). Studies involving preclinical animal models also revealed melatonin’s effect in improving age-related bone loss and BMD with efficacy similar to a therapeutically relevant estrogen and progesterone hormone therapy. At the cellular level, this increase in BMD by melatonin was accompanied by increases in the levels of osteogenic proteins, pErk1/2, and pErk5, indicating the potential role of the MAPKs, MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and MEK5/ERK5 pathways in mediating melatonin’s action. To investigate this further, the goal of this project was to study the role of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in regulating melatonin-mediated osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and function in vitro and in vivo and their role in modulating bone density, quality, strength, and formation. In vitro, using small-molecule inhibitors and a co-culture model of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and peripheral blood monocytes (hPBMCs), it was discovered that melatonin’s stimulating effect on osteoblastogenesis is mediated through MT2 melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, MEK5, and perhaps PPARγ and GLUT4. To further confirm the involvement of MEK1/2 and MEK5 in melatonin’s effect, CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approaches were used to generate MEK1KO or MEK5KO hMSCs and mouse mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). Both monoculture and co-culture models were developed using these MEK1KO or MEK5KO MSCs with a goal to study the role of melatonin, melatonin receptors, MEK1/2, and MEK5 in osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation and communication between these cells. In both human and mouse MSCs, melatonin’s effect on osteoblastogenesis was occurring strictly through MT2R-mediated actions on MEK5 and/or MEK1 and not through an indirect action of melatonin on MEK5 or MEK1, consistent with the findings using small molecule inhibitors. In vivo and using small molecule inhibitors or a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approach, it was further determined that Mek1/2 and 5 were primary drivers underlying melatonin’s actions on bone formation, bone microarchitecture, and bone biomechanics. In the small molecule inhibitor study where Balb(c) mice (female) were injected with melatonin in the absence or presence of selective MEK1/2, MEK5, or MEK1/2/5 inhibitors for 45 days, it was demonstrated that melatonin, through MEK1/2 and MEK5, increased osteogenic protein expression (Runx2, Bmp-2, Fra-1, Opg) and decreased metabolic protein, Pparγ expression; and also modulated bone microarchitecture (i.e., trabecular number, separation, and connectivity density) and bone mechanical properties (i.e., ultimate stress). A mouse calvarial defect model was developed using PLGA scaffolds seeded with mMSCs (wildtype, control, Mek1KO, Mek5KO) and placed into critical size calvarial defects created in Balb(c) mice (male and female) followed by treatment with vehicle or melatonin nightly for 90 days. This study demonstrated the involvement of Mek1 and Mek5 in new bone formation induced by melatonin in both genders supporting the findings in vitro in human and mouse MSCs. Gender-specific analyses of the calvarial data revealed unique gender differences in melatonin’s effect and kinase interaction with melatonin. These mechanisms of action demonstrating a unique role for Mek1/2 and Mek5 in mediating both osteogenic and metabolic pathways as well as demonstrating specificity of action in a gender-specific manner opens up new avenues of research examining conditions known to promote bone loss (i.e., diabetes, aging) in males and females and novel therapeutic strategies and agents to modulate bone loss to prevent fracture and mortality
Correction:Investigation of key performance indicators for performance management of the manufacturing industry in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic (Annals of Operations Research, (2023), 10.1007/s10479-023-05717-4)
No full textDue to typesetting error article was published with missing affiliation of author Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour and needs to be read as: Department of Information Systems, Supply Chain Management and Decision Support, NEOMA Business School, 1 rue du Maréchal Juin - BP 215, 76130 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France. Original article has been updated.</p
EARLY PREDICTION OF GESTATIONAL HYPERTENSION USING Β-HCG LEVELS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL DHAKA, BANGLADESH
No full textBackground: Gestational hypertension (GH) is a common pregnancy complication that poses significant risks to maternal and fetal health. Early detection is crucial for effective management and improved outcomes. Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) has been investigated as a potential biomarker for predicting GH, yet its clinical utility remains underexplored. Aim of the study: This study aims to assess the association between β-HCG levels and the early detection of gestational hypertension in pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 110 pregnant women between 14 and 19 weeks of gestation. Serum β-HCG levels were measured using a chemiluminescence-based assay, and blood pressure was monitored throughout pregnancy. Participants were classified into hypertensive and normotensive groups, and statistical analysis was performed to determine the correlation between β-HCG levels and GH. Result: The study found a significant association between elevated β-HCG levels and gestational hypertension (p < 0.001). Women with β-HCG levels above 80,000 mIU/ml had a higher likelihood of developing GH, with severe hypertension occurring in 75% of cases in this group. No cases of GH were observed among participants with β-HCG levels below 30,000 mIU/ml. The findings suggest a dose-dependent relationship between β-HCG levels and GH severity. Conclusion: Elevated β-HCG levels in the second trimester may serve as a useful biomarker for predicting gestational hypertension. These findings support the potential for β-HCG screening as a non-invasive tool for early GH detection, enabling timely interventions and better pregnancy outcomes
From Concept to Reality: Managing Human - Robot Collaboration in Full- Service Restaurants
No full textComplete, rapid and reversible regulation of the motility of a nano-biomolecular machine using an osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide
No full textNanoscale transportation in engineered environments is critical towards designing efficient and smart hybrid bio-nanodevices. Biomolecular motors, the smallest natural machines, are promising as actuators as well as sensors in hybrid nanodevices and hold enormous potentials in nanoscale transportation. Highly specific regulation of the activity of biomolecular motors is the key to control such integrated nanodevices. We present a simple method to regulate the activity of a biomolecular motor system, microtubule (MT)-kinesin by using a natural osmolyte trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Motility of kinesin-driven MTs in an in vitro gliding assay is regulated over a broad spectrum by using TMAO in a concentration dependent manner. The regulation of MT motility is rapid, reversible and repeatable over multiple cycles. Interestingly, the motility of MTs can be completely turned off using TMAO of a relatively high concentration. The halted motility of MTs is fully restored upon elimination of TMAO. Repeated cycles of TMAO addition and removal enable cyclical inhibition and restoration of the motility of MTs. These results demonstrate an ability to control nanoscale motion of a biomolecular motor in an artificial environment. This work facilitates further tunability over functions of biomolecular motors, which in turn will foster their nanotechnological applications, such as in nano-transportation
