93 research outputs found
Vanilla norashikiniana R. Go et A. Raffi sp. nov., a new orchid species from Peninsular Malaysia
No full textA new species, Vanilla norashikiniana R. Go et A. Raffi, from Peninsular Malaysia is described and other aspects of interest discussed. It is so far known from a population in lower dipterocarp forests in Hutan Lipur Chemerong, Hulu Dungun, Terengganu and Hutan Simpan Semangkok, Selangor. A field key to the Peninsular Malaysian taxa (including Vanilla shenzhenica) is also provided
Electrochemical studies of carbon nanotube-reduced graphene oxide wrapped iron cobaltite for all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor / Akmal Arsyad Mohd Raffi
No full textSupercapacitors employing transition metal oxide electrodes exhibit larger specific capacitances and energy densities. However, transition metal oxides have smaller surface area, which limit the kinetic in redox reaction. Performance enhancement of the transition metal oxide electrodes can be achieved by incorporation of carbonaceous materials, to form composite electrode. However, incorporation of carbonaceous materials during the synthesis process can alter the morphology properties of the transition metal oxides. Iron cobaltite, FeCo2O4 with nanosheets morphology (FCO) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. It exhibits large specific surface area and pore volume, which enhances the loading and diffusion of ions within the electrode. Herein, we designed composite electrodes made up of FCO, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) while retaining the high specific surface area of the FCO nanosheets. The composite electrodes were prepared by a two-step hydrothermal process. The prepared composite electrodes were characterized for their structural, morphological, and electrochemical properties. The composite electrodes maintained the flower-like nanosheet structure of the pristine FCO. The electrochemical properties of FCO and its composites were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge discharge (GCD), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). At 3 A g-1, the composite electrode exhibits specific capacitance, Csp of 1797 F g-1 as compared with 943 F g-1 of the pristine FCO. The higher Csp of composites as compared to FCO is because high conductive f-MWCNT and rGO help in reducing the internal resistance of the electrode. However, excessive loading of f-MWCNT and rGO bring adverse effect to the Csp performance. This is because when f-MWCNT and rGO are in excess, the porous structure of FCO can be further closed up, which is supported by the Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) analysis. Used in an asymmetric supercapacitor, the composite electrode demonstrates maximum energy density of 34 Wh kg-1, maximum power density of 4479 W kg-1 and 92 % rate capability after 5000 cycles. In contrast, the pristine FCO retains only 70 % capacitance after 3000 cycles. The performance of supercapacitors in this work is comparable with other published works
Brändistrategian luominen : case: Raffi Metal Works
No full textTämän opinnäytetyön tarkoituksena oli luoda uudelle aloittavalle metallihuonekalujen valmistajalle Raffi Metal Worksille brändistrategia, joka ohjaa yrityksen toimintaa kohti vahvaa brändiä. Raffi valmistaa asiakkaan toiveiden mukaan suunniteltuja ja laadukkaasti valmistettuja metallisia huonekaluja.
Työn alussa määriteltiin brändi, mitä se tarkoittaa ja mitä brändin rakentamisella pyritään saavuttamaan. Tämän jälkeen kerrottiin brändin rakentamisen vaiheet ja osa-alueet. Lisäksi käytiin läpi kilpailijoiden ja kohderyhmän tutkimista ja analysointia. Ilman näiden ymmärtämistä ei pysty suunnittelemaan laadukasta brändistrategiaa.
Työ selvittää millä keinoin luodaan merkityksellistä arvoa asiakkaille ja erottaudutaan kilpailijoista. Kova kilpailu vaatii brändille vahvan identiteetin ja strategian, jolla brändiin liittyvä arvo saadaan asiakkaalle vahvaksi ja positiiviseksi mielikuvaksi. Brändi toimii yrityksen kulmakivenä ja tapana erottautua muista ennen asiakkaan ostopäätöksen syntymistä.
Teoreettinen viitekehys koostui brändin määritelmästä ja brändistrategian sisällöstä.
Opinnäytetyön toiminnallisessa osuudessa luotiin Raffi Metal Worksille brändistrategia, jota apuna käyttäen päästään kohti tavoitemielikuvaa tehokkaasti ja yhtenäisesti. Brändielementeistä luotiin yritykselle brand board kiteyttämään sen tärkeät elementit.The purpose of this thesis is to create a brand strategy for a steel furniture manufacturer Raffi Metal Works. This brand strategy will guide the actions of the enterprise towards a strong brand. All steel furniture are custom made and designed to fulfill customer’s wishes.
In the beginning of this thesis, the author defined brand, the meaning of brand and the purpose of brand building. After this, the author wrote about the stages and divisions of brand building. Additionally the author has analyzed the focus group and the competitors. Without having the full comprehension of these, it is impossible to build a high class brand strategy.
This thesis goes through the methods of value creation for customers and how to differentiate from the competitors. The competition requires strong brand identity and brand strategy. This way, the customers will have positive image on the brand they will get the full brand value. Brand is the cornerstone of an enterprise and it is a way to differentiate from the competitors before the buying decision of a customer.
Theoretical framework consists of definition of brand and brand strategy.
In the functional part of the thesis, the brand strategy was created for Raffi Metal Works. The aim of the brand strategy is to create a coherent and effective image for the enterprise
Nationalism and the Internal Enemy in Raffi\u27s The Fool
No full textIn 1881, Persian-Armenian author Raffi published The Fool , a historical novelization of a journalistic venture to chronicle the last Russo-Turkish war. Originally written in the eastern dialect of Armenian, The Fool uses this historical moment--in which the Christian Armenian minority of the Ottoman empire was forced to choose between a loyalty to the Ottomans or Russians for the sake of survival--to construct an argument for the necessity of an independent Armenian nation. Raffi introduces the modern nationalist concept into the Armenian consciousness by juxtaposing the subservient mentalities of the traditional Ottoman Armenians to that of The Fool, an educated young man from Constantinople who predicts the extermination of the Armenian people by its six-century-old Ottoman government. Raffi\u27s work went on to inspire the Armenian revolutionary movement, which contributed greatly to the establishment of the first Armenian republic in 1918. Since its publication, however, The Fool has been regarded mainly as a revolutionary text and therefore scarcely approached critically. My research this summer has focused on a close reading of German theorist Carl Schmitt\u27s The Concept of the Political and its postulations about friend, enemy and--most dangerous of all--the internal enemy, all of which both complicate and are complicated by The Fool
Systematics, DNA barcoding and conservation of Vanilla species from Peninsular Malaysia
No full textAmong the 25 000 orchid species in Orchidaceae family, Vanilla is the most appreciated
as it is the only genus with species of high commercial agriculture value for its vanillin
production. The species from Peninsular Malaysia which represents the secondary gene pool of
the cultivated Vanilla planifolia serves as valuable resources for genetic improvement in
Vanilla. However, the potential of each species still remain in secrecy as the
genus is not comprehensively studied yet. This study was conducted to assess the native
species through systematics and molecular investigations. The data obtained will be used in their
conservation management. Therefore, efforts in locating, collecting and documenting local
Vanilla were initiated. The field samplings were conducted from 2011 to 2017 in the
states of Kedah, Perak, Pahang, Kelantan, Terengganu, Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Johor. In
general, wild Vanilla populations in Peninsular Malaysia were difficult to locate because they were
found in many habitats. The diversity in the genus was updated with the discovery of two new
species to science, Vanilla norashikiniana R. Go et A. Raffi and Vanilla sanguineovenosa R.
Go et A. Raffi which made up the total count from this region to be represented by seven confirmed
species. Vanilla spp. most likely could tolerate the cardinal temperature of 17 to 27 oC, relative
humidity of 72 to 92% and 64 mm to 733 mm of monthly precipitation. Five important
growth events and their interactions with different environmental cues were presented with the
emphasized on the flowering stages. The fluctuations of temperature and high light intensity
were seen as the natural flowering promoters. Anthesis in Vanilla spp. were ideal to
be categorized into five important phases: floral evocation, floral bud emergence, ovary
development, size increment in bud and ovary and anthesis. Ephemeral flowering sequences of both
newly described taxa were photographed where the anthesis and senescence processes were
completed within 24 hours. Investigations at the histological level on accessions from Perak
revealed the taxonomic value of the marginal outlines from leaf transverse sections. Somatic chromosome counts (2n) among selected
accessions including two new species were found to be different in their most frequent number but
shared a common denominator of 2n= 24. Species discrimination inferred by the phylogenetic
trees generated from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (nrITS) region had classified
the accessions into their respective genotypes with two unidentified genotypes suggesting presence
of additional species in this region. Barcoding gap was also reported in genetic
distance analysis with the speciation threshold recommended to be at 1.5%
divergence. Finally, provisional conservation action plan was proposed based on the
identified threats of which natural disasters and over collection from the wild were
noted as the major threats. Five approaches were evaluated to be pragmatic and should be
incorporated in the genus conservation action plan which were species mapping based on the
documented localities, local community involvement of Orang Asli, propagation via stem cuttings
using BAP, DNA barcodes deposition in BOLD and GenBank and also public education via MyBIS. This
project as a whole has successfully documented important findings in the botany and natural history
of the genus Vanilla from Peninsular Malaysia and these data are beneficial to the species
strategic management planning
A new Vanilla species from Peninsular Malaysia
No full textA new species, Vanilla sanguineovenosa R. Go & A. Raffi, from Peninsular Malaysia is described, illustrated, and other aspects of interest discussed. It is so far known from a small population in lower montane forests at Tapah, Perak. A field key to the Peninsular Malaysian taxa, including V. sumatrana is also provided
A new Vanilla species from Peninsular Malaysia
No full textA new species, Vanilla sanguineovenosa R. Go & A. Raffi, from Peninsular Malaysia is described, illustrated, and other aspects of interest discussed. It is so far known from a small population in lower montane forests at Tapah, Perak. A field key to the Peninsular Malaysian taxa, including V. sumatrana is also provided
VANILLA YERSINIANA (ORCHIDACEAE), A NEW RECORD FOR PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
No full textESA, M. I. M., NORDIN, F. A., GO, R. & RAFFI, A. 2021. Vanilla yersiniana (Orchidaceae), a new record for Peninsular Malaysia. Reinwardtia 20(2): 49 − 53. — The genus Vanilla Plum. ex Mill. from Peninsular Malaysia is now enriched with the discovery of a newly recorded species, Vanilla yersiniana that made up its regional diversity to eight taxa. This species was documented from two adjacent secondary lowland forests in Perak; further south to the southern tail of Thailand. This paper describes the first record of V. yersiniana in Peninsular Malaysia with some high-lights of its morphology and ecology. The data presented will add to the present state of knowledge on the species botanical profile
Understanding Atrocities: Remembering, Representing and Teaching Genocide
No full textUnderstanding Atrocities is a wide-ranging collection of essays bridging scholarly and community-based efforts to understand and respond to the global, transhistorical problem of genocide. The essays in this volume investigate how evolving, contemporary views on mass atrocity frame and complicate the possibilities for the understanding and prevention of genocide. The contributors ask, among other things, what are the limits of the law, of history, of literature, and of education in understanding and representing genocidal violence? What are the challenges we face in teaching and learning about extreme events such as these, and how does the language we use contribute to or impair what can be taught and learned about genocide? Who gets to decide if it's genocide and who its victims are? And how does the demonization of perpetrators of atrocity prevent us from confronting the complicity of others, or of ourselves? Through a multi-focused and multidisciplinary investigation of these questions, Understanding Atrocities demonstrates the vibrancy and breadth of the contemporary state of genocide studies.
With contributions by: Amarnath Amarasingam, Andrew R. Basso, Kristin Burnett, Lori Chambers, Laura Beth Cohen, Travis Hay, Steven Leonard Jacobs, Lorraine Markotic, Sarah Minslow, Donia Mounsef, Adam Muller, Scott W. Murray, Christopher Powell, and Raffi SarkissianCanadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, Awards to Scholarly Publications ProgramLibrary OA Fun
Discovering the wonders of Malaysian orchids: unveiling Vanilla Norashikiniana
No full textOrchids as one of the largest flowering plant family numbering more than 25,000 species worldwide are part of the priceless green and aesthetic bioresources in our country. Malaysia is home to over 3,000 species of the most beautiful and mysterious plants species, with more than 1,000 are found in Peninsular Malaysia. Many wild species are high priced commodity as Gold of Kinabalu, Paphiopedilum rothchildianum ranked the 5th most expensive orchid in the world with price tagged at £3,800 ten years ago needed at least 15 years to flower and is currently claimed to be on the verge of extinction, which could push prices up even more. The vanilla orchid, which is represented by 12 species in Malaysia are another huge economic potential commodity species with at least three species that could produce vanilla essence
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