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Microlocal analysis of the generalized Radon transform arising in a model of pure industry
No full textWe show that the generalized Radon transform arising in a model of pure industry taking into account the substitution of production factors at the micro-level is an integral Fourier operator satisfying the condition of microlocal regularity. We describe a method for reconstruction of singularities of a function from the singularities of its generalized Radon transform
Méthodes de reconstruction pour des problèmes inverses pour des équations de type Helmholtz
No full textThis work is devoted to study of some inverse problems for the gauge-covariant Helmholtz equation, whose particular cases include the Schrödinger equation for a charged elementary particle in a magnetic field and the time-harmonic wave equation describing sound waves in a moving fluid. These problems are mainly motivated by applications in different tomographies, including acoustic tomography, tomography using elementary particles and electrical impedance tomography. In particular, we study inverse problems motivated by applications in acoustic tomography of moving fluid. We present formulas and equations which allow to reduce the acoustic tomography problem to an appropriate inverse scattering problem. Next, we develop a functional-analytic algorithm for solving this inverse scattering problem. However, in general, the solution to the latter problem is unique only up to an appropriate gauge transformation. In this connection, we give formulas and equations which allow to get rid of this gauge non-uniqueness and recover the fluid parameters, by measuring acoustic fields at several frequencies. We also present examples of fluids which are not distinguishable in this acoustic tomography setting. Next, we consider the inverse scattering problem without phase information. This problem is motivated by applications in tomography using elementary particles, where only the absolute value of the scattering amplitude can be measured relatively easily. We give estimates in the configuration space for the phaseless Born-type reconstructions, which are needed for the further development of precise inverse scattering algorithms. Finally, we consider the problem of determination of a Riemann surface in the complex projective plane from its boundary. This problem arises as a part of the inverse Dirichlet-to-Neumann problem for the Laplace equation on an unknown 2-dimensional surface, and is motivated by applications in electrical impedance tomography.La présente thèse est consacrée à l'étude de quelques problèmes inverses pour l'équation de Helmholtz jauge-covariante, dont des cas particuliers comprennent l'équation de Schrödinger pour une particule élémentaire chargée dans un champ magnétique et l'équation d'onde harmonique en temps qui décrive des ondes acoustiques dans un fluide en écoulement. Ces problèmes ont comme motivation des applications dans des tomographies différentes, qui comprennent la tomographie acoustique, la tomographie qui utilise des particules élémentaires et la tomographie d'impédance électrique. En particulier, nous étudions des problèmes inverses motivés par des applications en tomographie acoustique de fluide en écoulement. Nous proposons des formules et équations qui permettent de réduire le problème de tomographie acoustique à un problème de diffusion inverse approprié. En suivant, nous développons un algorithme fonctionnel-analytique pour la résolution de ce problème de diffusion inverse. Cependant, en général, la solution de ce problème n'est unique qu'à une transformation de jauge appropriée près. À cet égard, nous établissons des formules qui permettent de se débarrasser de cette non-unicité de jauge et retrouver des paramètres du fluide, en mesurant des ondes acoustiques à des plusieurs fréquences. Nous présentons également des exemples des fluides qui ne sont pas distinguable dans le cadre de tomographie acoustique considérée. En suivant, nous considérons le problème de diffusion inverse sans information de phase. Ce problème est motivé par des applications en tomographie qui utilise des particules élémentaires, où seulement le module de l'amplitude de diffusion peut être mesuré facilement. Nous établissons des estimations dans l'espace de configuration pour les reconstructions sans phase de type Borne, qui sont requises pour le développement des méthodes de diffusion inverse précises. Finalement, nous considérons le problème de détermination d'une surface de Riemann dans le plan projectif à partir de son bord. Ce problème survient comme une partie du problème de Dirichlet-Neumann inverse pour l'équation de Laplace sur une surface inconnue, qui est motivé par des applications en tomographie d'impédance électrique
Méthodes de reconstruction pour des problèmes inverses pour des équations de type Helmholtz
No full textThis work is devoted to study of some inverse problems for the gauge-covariant Helmholtz equation, whose particular cases include the Schrödinger equation for a charged elementary particle in a magnetic field and the time-harmonic wave equation describing sound waves in a moving fluid. These problems are mainly motivated by applications in different tomographies, including acoustic tomography, tomography using elementary particles and electrical impedance tomography. In particular, we study inverse problems motivated by applications in acoustic tomography of moving fluid. We present formulas and equations which allow to reduce the acoustic tomography problem to an appropriate inverse scattering problem. Next, we develop a functional-analytic algorithm for solving this inverse scattering problem. However, in general, the solution to the latter problem is unique only up to an appropriate gauge transformation. In this connection, we give formulas and equations which allow to get rid of this gauge non-uniqueness and recover the fluid parameters, by measuring acoustic fields at several frequencies. We also present examples of fluids which are not distinguishable in this acoustic tomography setting. Next, we consider the inverse scattering problem without phase information. This problem is motivated by applications in tomography using elementary particles, where only the absolute value of the scattering amplitude can be measured relatively easily. We give estimates in the configuration space for the phaseless Born-type reconstructions, which are needed for the further development of precise inverse scattering algorithms. Finally, we consider the problem of determination of a Riemann surface in the complex projective plane from its boundary. This problem arises as a part of the inverse Dirichlet-to-Neumann problem for the Laplace equation on an unknown 2-dimensional surface, and is motivated by applications in electrical impedance tomography.La présente thèse est consacrée à l'étude de quelques problèmes inverses pour l'équation de Helmholtz jauge-covariante, dont des cas particuliers comprennent l'équation de Schrödinger pour une particule élémentaire chargée dans un champ magnétique et l'équation d'onde harmonique en temps qui décrive des ondes acoustiques dans un fluide en écoulement. Ces problèmes ont comme motivation des applications dans des tomographies différentes, qui comprennent la tomographie acoustique, la tomographie qui utilise des particules élémentaires et la tomographie d'impédance électrique. En particulier, nous étudions des problèmes inverses motivés par des applications en tomographie acoustique de fluide en écoulement. Nous proposons des formules et équations qui permettent de réduire le problème de tomographie acoustique à un problème de diffusion inverse approprié. En suivant, nous développons un algorithme fonctionnel-analytique pour la résolution de ce problème de diffusion inverse. Cependant, en général, la solution de ce problème n'est unique qu'à une transformation de jauge appropriée près. À cet égard, nous établissons des formules qui permettent de se débarrasser de cette non-unicité de jauge et retrouver des paramètres du fluide, en mesurant des ondes acoustiques à des plusieurs fréquences. Nous présentons également des exemples des fluides qui ne sont pas distinguable dans le cadre de tomographie acoustique considérée. En suivant, nous considérons le problème de diffusion inverse sans information de phase. Ce problème est motivé par des applications en tomographie qui utilise des particules élémentaires, où seulement le module de l'amplitude de diffusion peut être mesuré facilement. Nous établissons des estimations dans l'espace de configuration pour les reconstructions sans phase de type Borne, qui sont requises pour le développement des méthodes de diffusion inverse précises. Finalement, nous considérons le problème de détermination d'une surface de Riemann dans le plan projectif à partir de son bord. Ce problème survient comme une partie du problème de Dirichlet-Neumann inverse pour l'équation de Laplace sur une surface inconnue, qui est motivé par des applications en tomographie d'impédance électrique
Microlocal analysis of the generalized Radon transform arising in a model of pure industry
No full textWe show that the generalized Radon transform arising in a model of pure industry taking into account the substitution of production factors at the micro-level is an integral Fourier operator satisfying the condition of microlocal regularity. We describe a method for reconstruction of singularities of a function from the singularities of its generalized Radon transform
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Finding scattering data for a time-harmonic wave equation with first order perturbation from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map
No full textWe present formulas and equations for finding scattering data from the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for a time-harmonic wave equation with first order perturbation with compactly supported coefficients. We assume that the coefficients are matrix-valued in general. To our knowledge, these results are new even for the general scalar case
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Monochromatic identities for the Green function and uniqueness results for passive imaging
No full textInternational audienceFor many wave propagation problems with random sources it has been demonstrated that cross correlations of wave fields are proportional to the imaginary part of the Green function of the underlying wave equation. This leads to the inverse problem to recover coefficients of a wave equation from the imaginary part of the Green function on some measurement manifold. In this paper we prove, in particular, local uniqueness results for the Schrödinger equation with one frequency and for the acoustic wave equation with unknown density and sound speed and two frequencies. As the main tool of our analysis, we establish new algebraic identities between the real and the imaginary part of Green's function, which in contrast to the well-known Kramers-Kronig relations involve only one frequency
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