1,720,956 research outputs found
THE AFRICAN UNION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN AFRICA: A STUDY OF THE DARFUR CRISIS
Get PDFThe research study evaluated the role of African Union in resolving the Darfur crisis of Sudan. The study made used of only secondary source of data, exploring various literatures on the issue from scholars. The functionalism theory of international relations was adopted and argued that African Union intervened in the Darfur crisis because the nature of the crisis demanded international collaboration and support which the Sudanese Government did not had the capacity to manage the crisis. It was revealed that the Darfur crisis which lasted between 2004 and 2011 ensued as the result of political subjugation, economic exploitation and underdevelopment of the Darfur region of Sudan. The People Southern Sudanese considered these trends as injustice and as such they violently revolted against the Sudanese Government with the agitation for independence. The wanton destructive nature of the crisis necessitated the intervention of the international community. The study revealed that African Union was the first body to intervene in the crisis through mediation and sending of troops in July 2004 before the United Nations took over the mission in 31st December, 2007. The study showed that even after United Nations took over the Peace keeping operation, African Union still made significant contributions in terms of troops, finance, and humanitarian services. It was concluded that despite the weaknesses of African Union in managing the conflict, the success story of United Nations in Darfur region cannot be analyzed without taking into cognizes the effort of African Union put in the crisis. Therefore, it was recommended that African Union should be proactive and timely in intervening in conflict in the continent so as to avoid escalation
The International Conference On The Great Lakes Region (ICGLR): Achievements, Challenges And Prospects
No full textThe paper critically examined the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR),an association that was formed with the objective of solving conflict issues between member states within the Great Lakes Region, after recognizing the fact that political inability has a considerable regional dimension and thus requires a concerted effort in order to promote sustainable peace and development. It was formed to bring peace among the member states and by doing that, foster development with member states. The paper examined the background of the organization as regard to this objective. In doing that, secondary method of data collection was used to collect data such as articles, books, journals and so on. The paper adopted the theory of liberal Intergovernmentalism and through the aid of this theory, the paper was able to examine the organization while stating its challenges like; :member states have not shown enough commitment or willingness to put the Dar-es-Salaam, Nairobi and Addis Ababa agreements into action, financial constraint, and overlapping membership of international organizations and the prospects of the organization. After critical analysis of the International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR), the paper made recommendations like: need for member nations to show more commitment towards the organization in order to implement the Dar-es-Salaam, Nairobi and Addis Ababa agreements into action, and need for the member states to do better in their financial contributions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Leadership, Governance and Socio-Economic and Political Development: The Case of Rwanda,2000-2020
Get PDFThe importance of leadership and good governance in the development of any society cannot be overemphasized, and this is demonstrated in Rwanda under Paul Kagame. Anchoring the study on Contingency Theory and relying on secondary data –data fromjournal articles, and textbooks, among others, it was revealed that Rwanda, before the eclipse of Kagame on the political space, had long been plagued by weak governance based on dictatorship, fear politics, segregation, and isolation of the people from their owncountry's government. However, since Kagame became the country's president, serious progress has been made. The economy has advanced, with per-capita GDP (purchasing power parity) anticipated to reach 631 in 2000. The annualincrease averaged 7% per year between 2000 and 2020. Youth education is a top priority in Rwanda, where 17% of its yearly budget is allocated to education. Findings also show that Rwanda has the highest percentage of female representation in the government of anycountry on the planet. In 2017, for example, 49 women were elected to the lower house of parliament, accounting for more than half of its 80 members, among other achievements. Despite these accomplishments, some political and social issues remain unresolved, like the crisis in neighbouring Congo and the government’s persistent support for armed rebels. At the same time, human rights violations and the persecution of opposition leaders continue. To address these issues, the government should do more to protect minority rights, end repression of the press and political opponents, and increase investment in education, healthcare, and infrastructure
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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