1,720,956 research outputs found
Dhima za Uradidi katika Mawasiliano ya Kihaya
Get PDFMakala hii inachunguza dhima za uradidi katika mawasiliano ya Kihaya. Eneo ambalo data ya makala hii imepatikana ni kata ya Mayondwe katika wilaya ya Muleba mkoani Kagera. Data ya makala hii imepatikana kwa kutumia mbinu mbili; mbinu ya mahojiano na ya maktabani. Mbinu ya mahojiano imehusisha majibizano baina ya pande mbili, yaani mtafiti na watafitiwa. Lengo la mbinu ya mahojiano ni kupata taarifa zinazohusiana na mada ya makala yetu. Aidha, uteuzi wa mbinu hii ulizingatia ukweli kwamba, mbinu hii husaidia kupata taarifa za ziada ambazo si rahisi kuzipata kwa kutumia mbinu nyingine za ukusanyaji data. Mtafiti aliitumia mbinu ya maktabanikwa kusoma vitabu na makala mbalimbali katika maktaba ya Chuo cha Kumbukumbu ya Mwalimu Nyerere na ya Chuo Kikuu cha Dar es Salaam ili kupata maarifa yanayohusiana na mada ya makala yetu. Halikadhalika, sampuli ya watafitiwa 10 ambao ni wazawa wa mkoa wa Kagera na wazungumzaji wa lugha ya Kihaya ndiyo waliotumika katika makala hii. Vijana walikuwa 5 na watu wazima 5. Data iliyokusanywa imechambuliwa kwa kutumia nadharia ya Uelekeani iliyoasisiwa na McCarthy na Prince (1993, 1994a, 1994b na 1995). Matokeo ya makala hii yanaonesha kuwa uradidi katika lugha ya Kihaya una dhima kadhaa. Mathalani, kufanyika vibaya kwa tendo au ukosefu wa umakini, kufanyika mara kwa mara kwa tendo husika, uharaka wa tendo husika, kudunisha maana, kuongeza msisitizo pamoja na kubadili maana. Inapendekezwa kuwa, tafiti zaidi zifanyike kuhusiana na dhana ya uradidi kwa ujumla. Mathalani, ujitokezaji wa uradidi katika Kihaya kwa kuangazia kategoria za nomino, vielezi, vivumishi, vitenzi nakadhalika. Aidha, utafiti ufanyike kuhusiana na dhima za uradidi katika lugha mbalimbali kama vile: Kiswahili, Kisukuma, Kichaga na lugha nyinginezo
Michakato ya Utohozi wa Istilahi za Sayansi na Teknolojia zenye Asili ya Kiingereza katika Kiswahili
No full textMakala haya yanachunguza michakato ya utohozi wa istilahi za fani ya tiba na kompyuta zenye asili ya Kiingereza katika Kiswahili. Kiswahili na Kiingereza ni lugha ambazo zimekuwa na mwingiliano kwa muda mrefu, hivyo, zimeathiriana kwa kiasi kikubwa. Kwa kuwa Kiingereza ni lugha ya jamii iliyopiga hatua kubwa katika nyanja za sayansi na teknolojia, wazungumzaji wa Kiswahili wanalazimika kutohoa baadhi ya istilahi ili kuziba pengo la kimsamiati. Utohozi huo umebainika kuambatana na michakato mbalimbali ya kifonolojia na kimofolojia. Michakato ya kifonolojia ni pamoja na mchakato wa udondoshaji, ufupishaji wa sauti, uchopekaji pamoja na mchakato wa ufifishaji wa sauti. Michakato ya kimofolojia iliyoonekana kutokana na data ya makala haya ni kama vile mchakato wa mpangilio wa istilahi zenye maneno ambatani, uambishaji pamoja na upangaji wa istilahi za Kiingereza katika ngeli za Kiswahili
Ujitokezaji wa Uradidi katika Lugha ya Kihaya: Uchunguzi wa Kategoria ya Vitenzi, Vielezi na Vivumishi
Get PDFMakala haya yanachunguza uradidi unavyojitokeza katika lugha ya Kihaya kwa kuangazia kategoria ya vitenzi, vielezi na vivumishi. Mtafiti amekusanya data ya makala haya katika Mkoa wa Kagera, Wilaya ya Muleba Kata ya Izigo. Ameteua kata hii kwani ndiko inakozungamzwa Lahaja ya Kihamba inayoshughulikiwa na mtafiti wa makala haya. Halikadhalika, Kihaya kinatumiwa katika mawasiliano ya kawaida na shughuli nyingine nyingi za kiuchumi, kijamii nakadhalika. Mtafiti amekusanya data kwa kutumia mbinu za hojaji na uchambuzi wa matini. Mbinu ya kuchambua matini iliyotumika ni ile ya usomaji wa nyaraka za kitaaluma zilizompa mtafiti wigo wa kupata data faafu. Nyaraka zilizosomwa ni kama vile: tasnifu na maandiko mbalimbali. Hojaji hurejelea orodha ya maswali na maelekezo aliyoandaa mtafiti ambayo hujibiwa na watafitiwa, kwa lengo la kukusanya data faafu ya utafiti. Data ilichanganuliwa kwa kutumia mikabala ya maelezo na ufafanuzi. Aidha, makala haya yameongozwa na Nadharia ya Uelekeani iliyoasisiwa na McCarthy na Prince (1993, 1994a, 1994b na 1995). Matokeo ya makala haya yanaonesha kuwa uradidi hujitokeza katika kategoria za vitenzi, vielezi na vivumishi katika lugha ya Kihaya. Uradidi huo huweza kuhusisha neno zima au sehemu tu ya neno. Kwa vile makala haya yamechunguza sehemu tu ya uradidi katika lugha ya Kihaya, inapendekezwa utafiti ufanyike kuhusiana na kategoria nyinginezo kama vile nomino, vihusishi, vihisishi, viwakilishi nakadhalika
Mabadiliko ya Kifonolojia ya Istilahi za Kiingereza katika Kiswahili: Uchunguzi Kifani kutoka Covid 19
Get PDFMiongoni mwa mambo yanayozifanya lugha kukopa na kutohoa istilahi ni mlipuko wa magonjwa. Gonjwa la COVID 19 limekuwa sababu ya lugha ya Kiswahili ama kukopa, kutohoa au kuhuisha istilahi za Kiingereza. Makala haya yanachunguza mabadiliko ya kifonolojia ya istilahi za Kiingereza katika Kiswahili kwa kujikita katika istilahi zinazohusiana na COVID 19. Katika kuchunguza mabadiliko ya kifonolojia ya utohozi wa istilahi hizo tumeongozwa na nadharia ya NFZ (Nadharia ya Fonolojia Zalishi) iliyoasisiwa na Noam Chomsky na Morris Halle (1968). Nadharia hii ni muafaka katika makala haya kwani inatoa mwongozo katika kuchunguza na kuchanganua mabadiliko ya sauti yanayojitokeza baada ya istilahi kutoholewa kutoka lugha chanzi kwenda lugha lengwa. Makala haya yanashughulikia mojawapo ya matokeo ya utohozi unaohusisha lugha ya Kiingereza na Kiswahili. Ili kufikia malengo ya makala yetu, zimetumika mbinu za hojaji na uchambuzi wa matini. Mbinu ya hojaji hurahisisha ukusanyaji wa data kutoka kwa watafitiwa wengi kwa muda mfupi (Mugenda na Mugenda 2003). Mbinu ya kuchambua matini imejumuisha usomaji wa nyaraka za kitaaluma kwa minajili ya kupata data ya makala yetu
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
