1,720,958 research outputs found
Journal de bord - 13 au 20 août 2023
No full textProjet ALCAESC-guarani (AAP MSHBx 2023) Travail de terrain dans le Mato grosso do Sul Par Camille Guichard-Libersac (IKER / CNRS Université Bordeaux Montaigne) Équipe de recherche : Giovanni Agresti, UMR 5478 IKER (CNRS, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, UPPA). Méthodologie d’enquête, enquêtes de terrain, collectage vidéo, expertise scientifique. Adilson Crepalde, Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul (Dourados). Enquêtes de terrain, témoignages, médiation linguistico-culturelle, expertis..
A construção do significado de tekoha pelos kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul
Get PDFEste trabalho objetiva discutir aspectos culturais do processo de significação, analisando a linguagem de conversas com indígenas Kaiowá do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. O ponto central da tese é discutir as diferenças culturais do processo de significação. Para desenvolver o trabalho, foram coletadas falas de indígenas identificados como representantes da cultura kaiowá, ou seja, indígenas reconhecidos por seus pares por possuírem conhecimentos tradicionais e habilidades de liderança. As falas foram coletadas em dez diferentes lugares e tematizaram o tekoha [teko’ha] - espaço genericamente definido como o lugar onde vivem os Kaiowá segundo seu modo de ser. Dessas conversas, delimitou-se um corpus que foi analisado com base em perspectivas teóricas desenvolvidas no âmbito da Linguística Cognitiva pensadas e aplicadas por Lakoff (1987), Lakoff; Johnson (2003), Fauconnier (1994, 2002), Kövecses (2005) e outros. A interpretação do corpus permitiu demonstrar traços comuns a todos os entrevistados, evidenciando características da cultura kaiowá. As análises das conversas permitiram refletir sobre o jeito kaiowá de conceptualizar e simbolizar elaborado na experiência desse grupo étnico pelo mundo, configurando-se como uma maneira específica de construir entendimentos da realidade e de elaborar e utilizar uma linguagem para evocar e reatualizar esses entendimentos. Dessa maneira, este trabalho corrobora a tese da Cognição Corporificada, ou seja, de que a elaboração de significado institui-se no contato do corpo com o meio. Esse processo é determinado por forças biológicas, mas é elaborado nas experiências dos grupos sociais com seu meio ambiente. Os diferentes grupos sociais vivenciam experiências diferentes em ambientes diferentes, o que suscita diferentes culturas, isto é, diferentes maneiras de produzir a vida, de perceber, conceptualizar e representar as experiências sócio-históricas. Os resultados do trabalho demonstraram a importância de se compreender os aspectos cognitivos, linguísticos, sociais e históricos das culturas bem como as premissas básicas que as alicerçam. Levar em consideração todos esses aspectos possibilitou demonstrar a complexidade e o engendramento do significado de tekoha e o entrelaçamento desses aspectos no processo de construção e reatualização desse significado. A análise dos dados possibilitou ainda refletir sobre a cultura kaiowá como um ninho de pertença, uma possível maneira de estabelecer uma verdade, um conjunto de premissas e valores que garante e justifica a existência desses indígenas. Por meio desse tipo de análise, foi possível demonstrar como o significado de tekoha, fora do frame cultural kaiowá, pode ser compreendido de maneira muito superficial, o que reforça a tese da importância do contexto cultural para a compreensão de categorias e conceitos. A realização do trabalho permitiu concluir que o método de coleta de dados, com destaque para a etnografia semiestruturada, a perspectiva teórica e a abordagem interdisciplinar foram fundamentais para atingir os objetivos estabelecidos. A perspectiva teórica da Linguística Cognitiva mostrou-se um importante aporte teórico para discutir a significação e compreender as questões indígenas, podendo auxiliar, inclusive, em discussões sobre diálogo intercultural. Por fim, as reflexões realizadas neste trabalho podem servir de base para se pensar projetos de pesquisa, de ensino e métodos de ensino a serem aplicados em escolas indígenas diferenciadas. Pode ainda, contribuir com discussões que pautem as relações interétnicas, sobretudo as relações entre não índios e os Kaiowá.This work aims at discussing the cultural aspects of the signification process, by analyzing the language used in talks with Kaiowá people from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Its central point is to discuss cultural differences in the signification process. To develop the work, conversations with Kaiowá members considered being cultural examples by their peers, for having traditional knowledge and leadership traits were recorded and analyzed. The conversations were recorded in ten different places and approached the theme tekoha [teko’ha], generically defined as a place where the Kaiowá people live according to their way of living. With the recordings, a corpus was formed and analyzed on the basis of theoretical perspectives developed within the Cognitive Linguistics framework, as thought and applied by authors like Lakoff (1987), Lakoff; Johnson (2003), Fauconnier (1994, 2002), Kövecses (2005), and others. The corpus interpretation permitted to demonstrate common traits among all people interviewed, evidencing Kaiowá cultural characteristics. The corpus analyses revealed these cultural traits as well as reflected the Kaiowá way of conceptualizing and symbolizing. These traits have been constructed based on their experience in the world, becoming a specific way of constructing world understandings and of elaborating and applying a language to evoke and update them. In this way, this work corroborates the Embodied Cognition Hypothesis, according to which meaning elaboration takes place in the interaction between body and environment, a process determined by biological forces, but elaborated in the experience of social groups in a determined place, which comes up with different ways of perceiving, conceptualizing and representing social-historical experiences. The analyses demonstrated the importance of understanding cognitive, linguistic, social, and historical aspects as well as the basic premises that mix up to form cultures. Taking into account all these aspects made possible to demonstrate the complexity and the engendering of the meaning of tekoha, as well as to show how they are all interconnected in the process of meaning building and updating. The data analyses reflected how the Kaiowá people have built their culture as a belonging nest, a possible way of engendering truth and a set of premises and values whereof they ensure and justify their existence. By using this kind of analysis, it was possible to demonstrate how the meaning of tekoha, out of this cultural frame, might sometimes be understood very superficially, which reinforces the thesis of the importance of the context for the comprehension of categories and concepts. The research has led to conclude that the data collection method, by means of semi structured ethnography, as well as the theoretical perspective and the interdisciplinary approach were suitable so as to achieve the established objectives. The Cognitive Linguistics theoretical perspective proved to be an important theoretical support to understand not only the signification process in academic terms but also to discuss indigenous issues contributing to understand intercultural dialog. At last, the reflections carried out in this work can inspire research and teaching projects and also be used as a support for teaching methods at indigenous schools. It can still contribute for discussions on interethnic relations, especially on relations between the non-indigenous and the Kaiwoá people
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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