106 research outputs found
Recommendations For Long-term Home Oxygen Therapy In Children And Adolescents
No full textObjective: To advise pediatricians, neonatologists, pulmonologists, pediatric pulmonologists, and other professionals in the area on the main indications and characteristics of long-term home oxygen therapy in children and adolescents. Data source: A literature search was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed database (1990 to 2011). Additionally, references from selected studies were included. As consistent scientific evidence does not exist for many aspects, some of the recommendations were based on clinical experience. Data synthesis: Long-term home oxygen therapy has been a growing practice in pediatric patients and is indicated in bronchopulmonary dysplasia, cystic fibrosis, bronchiolitis obliterans, interstitial lung diseases, and pulmonary hypertension, among others. The benefits are: decrease in hospitalizations, optimization of physical growth and neurological development, improvement of exercise tolerance and quality of sleep, and prevention of pulmonary hypertension/cor pulmonale. The levels of oxygen saturation indicative for oxygen therapy differ from those established for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and vary according to age and disease. Pulse oximetry is used to evaluate oxygen saturation; arterial blood gas is unnecessary. There are three available sources of oxygen: gas cylinders, liquid oxygen, and oxygen concentrators. The flows used are usually smaller, as are the number of hours/day needed when compared to the use in adults. Some diseases show improvement and oxygen therapy discontinuation is possible. Conclusions: Long-term home oxygen therapy is increasingly common in pediatrics and has many indications. There are relevant particularities when compared to its use in adults, regarding indications, directions for use, and monitoring. Copyright © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.891617Doherty, D.E., Petty, T.L., Bailey, W., Carlin, B., Cassaburi, R., Christopher, K., Recommendations of the 6th long-term oxygen therapy consensus conference (2006) Respir Care., 51, pp. 519-525Mocelin, H.T., Fischer, G.B., Ranzi, L.C., Rosa, R.D., Philomena, M.R., Home oxygen therapy in children: Seven years experience (2001) J Pneumol, 27, pp. 148-152Primhak, R.A., Hicks, B., Shaw, N.J., Donaldson, G.C., Balfour-Lynn, I.M., Use of home oxygen for children in England and Wales (2011) Arch Dis Child, 96, pp. 389-392Munhoz, A.S., Adde, F.V., Nakaie, C.M., Doria Filho, U., Silva Filho, L.V., Rodrigues, J.C., Long-term home oxygen therapy in children and adolescents: Analysis of clinical use and costs of a home care program (2011) J Pediatr (Rio J), 87, pp. 13-18Continuous or nocturnal oxygen therapy in hypoxemic chronic obstructive lung disease: A clinical trial (1980) Ann Intern Med, 93, pp. 391-398. , Nocturnal Oxygen Therapy Trial GroupReport of the medical research council working party (1981) Lancet, 1, pp. 681-686. , Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic corpulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysemaGuyatt, G.H., McKim, D.A., Austin, P., Bryan, R., Norgren, J., Weaver, B., Appropriateness of domiciliary oxygen delivery (2000) Chest, 118, pp. 1303-1308Kotecha, S., Allen, J., Oxygen therapy for infants with chronic lung disease (2002) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 87, pp. F11-F14Simonds, A.K., Home ventilation (2003) Eur Respir J Suppl, 47, pp. 38s-46sBalfour-Lynn, I.M., Primhak, R.A., Shaw, B.N., Home oxygen for children: Who, how and when? (2005) Thorax, (60), pp. 76-81MacLean, J.E., Fitzgerald, D.A., A rational approach to home oxygen use in infants and children (2006) Paediatr Respir Rev, 7, pp. 215-222Fitzgerald, D.A., Massie, R.J., Nixon, G.M., Jaffe, A., Wilson, A., Infants with chronic neonatal lung disease: Recommendations for the use of home oxygen therapy (2008) Med J Aust, 189, pp. 578-582. , Thoracic Society of Australia and New ZealandBalfour-Lynn, I.M., Field, D.J., Gringras, P., Hicks, B., Jardine, E., Jones, R.C., BTS guidelines for home oxygen in children (2009) Thorax, 64, pp. ii1-26Balfour-Lynn, I.M., Domiciliary oxygen for children (2009) Pediatr Clin North Am, 56, pp. 275-296Harrison, G., Shaw, B., Prescribing home oxygen (2007) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 92, pp. F241-F243Viegas, C.A., Adde, F.V., Paschoal, I.A., Godoy, I., MacHado, M.C., I consenso brasileiro de oxigenoterapia domiciliar prolongada/SBPT (2000) J Pneumol, 26, pp. 341-350Tin, W., Gupta, S., Optimum oxygen therapy in preterm babies (2007) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 92, pp. F143-F147McMorrow, R.C., Mythen, M.G., Pulse oximetry (2006) Curr Opin Crit Care, 12, pp. 269-271Sinex, J.E., Pulse oximetry: Principles and limitations (1999) Am J Emerg Med, 17, pp. 59-67Barker, S.J., Badal, J.J., The measurement of dyshemoglobins and total hemoglobin by pulse oximetry (2008) Curr Opin Anaesthesiol, 21, pp. 805-810Hunt, C.E., Corwin, M.J., Lister, G., Weese-Mayer, D.E., Neuman, M.R., Tinsley, L., Longitudinal assessment of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in healthy infants during the first 6 months of age (1999) J Pediatr, 135, pp. 580-586. , Collaborative Home Infant Monitoring Evaluation (CHIME) Study GroupHunt, C.E., Corwin, M.J., Weese-Mayer, D.E., Ward, S.L., Ramanathan, R., Lister, G., Longitudinal assessment of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in preterm and term infants in the first six months of life (2011) J Pediatr, 159, pp. 377-383Masters, I.B., Goes, A.M., Healy, L., O'Neil, M., Stephens, D., Harris, M.A., 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opportunities for research (2007) Pediatrics, 119, pp. 790-796Groothuis, J.R., Rosenberg, A.A., Home oxygen promotes weight gain in infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1987) Am J Dis Child, 141, pp. 992-995Garcia, E.A., Mezzacappa, M.A., Pessoto, M.A., Home oxygen therapy program for infants after neonatal unit discharge: Report of a ten-year experience (2010) Rev Paul Pediatr, 28, pp. 276-282Moon, N.M., Mohay, H.A., Gray, P.H., Developmental patterns from 1 to 4 years of extremely preterm infants who required home oxygen therapy (2007) Early Hum Dev, 83, pp. 209-216Greenough, A., Alexander, J., Burgess, S., Bytham, J., Chetcuti, P.A., Hagan, J., Preschool healthcare utilization related to home oxygen status (2006) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 91, pp. F337-F341Bhandari, A., Panitch, H.B., Pulmonary outcomes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (2006) Semin Perinatol, 30, pp. 219-226Zinman, R., Corey, M., Coates, A.L., Canny, G.J., Connolly, J., Levison, H., Nocturnal home oxygen in the treatment of hypoxemic cystic fibrosis patients (1989) J Pediatr, 114, pp. 368-377Urquhart, D.S., Montgomery, H., Jaffé, A., Assessment of hypoxia in children with cystic fibrosis (2005) Arch Dis Child, 90, pp. 1138-1143Douglass, H., Potter, H., Jarad, N., Current practice in prescription, assessment and use of oxygen therapy in cystic fibrosis: A national UK survey (2008) J Cystic Fibrosis, 7, pp. S77Elphick, H.E., Mallory, G., Oxygen therapy for cystic fibrosis (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev, (1), pp. CD003884Frangolias, D.D., Wilcox, P.G., Predictability of oxygen desaturation during sleep in patients with cystic fibrosis: Clinical, spirometric, and exercise parameters (2001) Chest, 119, pp. 434-441De Castro-Silva, C., De Bruin, V.M., Cavalcante, A.G., Bittencourt, L.R., De Bruin, P.F., Nocturnal hypoxia and sleep disturbances in cystic fibrosis (2009) Pediatr Pulmonol, 44, pp. 1143-1150Milross, M.A., Piper, A.J., Norman, M., Willson, G.N., Grunstein, R.R., Sullivan, C.E., 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(2011) Curr Opin Pediatr, 23, pp. 325-331Berger, S., Konduri, G.G., Pulmonary hypertension in children: The twenty-first century (2006) Pediatr Clin North Am, 53, pp. 961-987Schulze-Neick, I., Beghetti, M., Issues related to the management and therapy of paediatric pulmonary hypertension (2010) Eur Respir Rev, 19, pp. 331-339Galiè, N., Hoeper, M.M., Humbert, M., Torbicki, A., Vachiery, J.L., Barbera, J.A., Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Respiratory Society (ERS), endorsed by the International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) (2009) Eur Heart J., 30, pp. 2493-2537Fishman, A.P., Hypoxia on the pulmonary circulation. How and where it acts (1976) Circ Res, 38, pp. 221-231Fuso, L., Baldi, F., Di Perna, A., Therapeutic strategies in pulmonary hypertension (2011) Front Pharmacol, 2, p. 21Bowyer, J.J., Busst, C.M., Denison, D.M., Shinebourne, E.A., Effect of long term oxygen treatment at home in children with pulmonary vascular disease (1986) Br Heart J, 55, pp. 385-390Sandoval, J., Aguirre, J.S., Pulido, T., Martinez-Guerra, M.L., Santos, E., Alvarado, P., Nocturnal oxygen therapy in patients with the Eisenmenger syndrome (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 164, pp. 1682-1687Darrow, D.H., Surgery for pediatric sleep apnea (2007) Otolaryngol Clin North Am, 40, pp. 855-875Kirk, V.G., O'Donnell, A.R., Continuous positive airway pressure for children: A discussion on how to maximize compliance (2006) Sleep Med Rev, 10, pp. 119-127Marcus, C.L., Carroll, J.L., Bamford, O., Pyzik, P., Loughlin, G.M., Supplemental oxygen during sleep in children with sleep-disordered breathing (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 152, pp. 1297-1301Aljadeff, G., Gozal, D., Bailey-Wahl, S.L., Burrell, B., Keens, T.G., Ward, S.L., Effects of overnight supplemental oxygen in obstructive sleep apnea in children (1996) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 153, pp. 51-55Robert, D., Argaud, L., Clinical review: Long-term noninvasive ventilation (2007) Crit Care, 11, p. 210Benditt, J.O., Initiating noninvasive management of respiratory insufficiency in neuromuscular disease (2009) Pediatrics, 123, pp. S236-S238Seakins, M., Gibbs, W.N., Milner, P.F., Bertles, J.F., Erythrocyte Hb-S concentration. An important factor in the low oxygen affinity of blood in sickle cell anemia (1973) J Clin Invest, 52, pp. 422-432Moreira, G.A., Respiratory repercussions of sickle cell anemia (2007) J Bras Pneumol, 33, pp. 18-20Ortiz, F.O., Aldrich, T.K., Nagel, R.L., Benjamin, L.J., Accuracy of pulse oximetry in sickle cell disease (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 159, pp. 447-451Blaisdell, C.J., Goodman, S., Clark, K., Casella, J.F., Loughlin, G.M., Pulse oximetry is a poor predictor of hypoxemia in stable children with sickle cell disease (2000) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 154, pp. 900-903Pianosi, P., Charge, T.D., Esseltine, D.W., Coates, A.L., Pulse oximetry in sickle cell disease (1993) Arch Dis Child, 68, pp. 735-738Uong, E.C., Boyd, J.H., Debaun, M.R., Daytime pulse oximeter measurements do not predict incidence of pain and acute chest syndrome episodes in sickle cell anemia (2006) J Pediatr, 149, pp. 707-709Hargrave, D.R., Wade, A., Evans, J.P., Hewes, D.K., Kirkham, F.J., Nocturnal oxygen saturation and painful sickle cell crises in children (2003) Blood, 101, pp. 846-848Kirkham, F.J., Hewes, D.K., Prengler, M., Wade, A., Lane, R., Evans, J.P., Nocturnal hypoxaemia and central-nervous-system events in sickle-cell disease (2001) Lancet, 357, pp. 1656-1659Milross, M.A., Piper, A.J., Dobbin, C.J., Bye, P.T., Grunstein, R.R., Sleep disordered breathing in cystic fibrosis (2004) Sleep Med Rev, 8, pp. 295-308Fauroux, B., Burgel, P.R., Boelle, P.Y., Cracowski, C., Murris-Espin, M., Nove-Josserand, R., Practice of noninvasive ventilation for cystic fibrosis: A nationwide survey in France (2008) Respir Care, 53, pp. 1482-148
Vergelijking van de bereidingswijzen van 60 gew.% en 80 gew.% salpeterzuur
No full textDocument(en) uit de collectie Chemische ProcestechnologieDelftChemTechApplied Science
Mandibular kinematics in dentofacial deformities before orthognathic surgery
No full textAIM: Changes in facial morphology may cause disturbances in stomatognathic functions. The aim of the current investigation was to quantitatively assess the three-dimensional condylar paths during standardized mandibular movements in patients with dentofacial deformities before orthognathic surgery and in healthy subjects.
METHODS: Patients with dentofacial deformity were divided in two groups: DG-II (n = 15 with class II, mean age 26.3 years) and DG-III (n= 15 with class III, mean age 26.2 years), with 3 men and 12 women each, were assessed during the preoperative orthodontic treatment. Fifteen healthy young adults, paired for age and sex, were selected for control group. Mandibular kinematics were recorded during maximum mandibular border movements: mouth opening (MMO) and closing, lateral excursions and protrusion, using an infrared optoelectronic 3D-motion analyzer (BTS SMART System), with a 500 Hz sampling rate.
RESULTS: Patients and healthy subjects had similar age (1-way ANOVA, p≥0.05). The DG-II showed larger laterotrusion asymmetry than CG (Table 1). At MMO, the percentage of mandibular movement explained by condylar rotation was larger in the DG-III than DG-II (2-way ANOVA, p=0.001; Bonferroni post-hoc test, p=0.045, Figure.1).
CONCLUSION: The outcomes suggest that the proposed method could be a useful diagnostic tool to detect altered function in DG patients before orthognathic surgery. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: Provost’s Office for Research of the University of São Paulo.
*The first author received a scholarship from CNPq (Science without Borders), Brazil.
Table 1: Kinematics indices of mandibular motion, mean±SD, 1-way ANOVA.
Measure
Control
DG-II
DG-III
p-value
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Mean
SD
Maximum opening – MMO (mm)
47.8
4.0
44.8
5.5
46.5
7.2
0.360
MMO deviation (mm)
2.7
1.1
3.6
1.6
3.4
2.3
0.358
Maximum laterotrusion
9.7
2.1
8.9
1.7
8.1
1.7
0.068
Laterotrusion asymmetry
0.7*
0.7
2.6*
2.6
1.1
1.1
0.011
Maximum Protrusion
7.7
1.7
7.4
1.6
6.5
2.0
0.196
*=Bonferroni post-hoc test, p=0.014.
Figure 1: Percentage of mandibular rotation during mouth opening and closin
The Aero-Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Yachts Sailing Upwind in Waves
No full textA common practice during the design of a sailing yacht is to assume an ideal environment. The wind is constant in intensity and direction and the sea is calm. In this situation, an equilibrium between the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic forces and moments can be found. The equations of equilibrium are thus solved to find the best setup (combination of sails, sail trim, etc.) in order to achieve the maximum boat speed. This procedure is the core of a 'traditional' Velocity Prediction Program (VPP), which was first introduced in 1976. Since then many improvements have been made and nowadays VPPs are capable of dealing with the most diverse designs. However, in nearly forty years of life, the nature of these programs has not changed and, still, important dynamic effects caused by the real environment, are not taken into account. Investigating the performance of a yacht taking into account these effects, is far from easy. Indeed, the equations of equilibrium should be replaced by the more complicated equations of motion which need to be solved in the time domain. However, in recent years, the dynamic characteristics of a yacht sailing in waves and shifting winds (real environment) have become a more popular topic in the sailing yacht community. In the wake of the increasing interest towards this subject, the present work aims to investigate some important dynamic aspects. The effect of the surge motion and of the heeling angle on the motions of heave and pitch, and on the mean added resistance, are studied by means of towing-tank tests. These are performed on two models of series 4 of the Delft Systematic Yacht Hull Series. Then, time-domain simulations are performed to study the effect of a pitch-induced oscillating aerodynamic force on the seakeeping of yachts sailing upwind in waves. The aerodynamic force is calculated using a quasi-steady as well as an unsteady method, whereas the hydrodynamic part of the problem is tackled using a strip-theory program which is capable of considering asymmetric hull shapes (e.g. hulls with a heeling angle). The results show that surge has a small influence on the motions and on the mean added resistance alike. The heeling angle on the other hand, prove to have a large effect on the seakeeping of the models. This effect can be qualitatively predicted by the strip-theory program, although the trend is not always correct. Finally, in same cases, the aerodynamic force significantly affects the pitch and heave motions and this results in a considerable reduction of the added resistance in waves.Ship Hydromechanics and StructuresMaritime and Transport TechnologyMechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineerin
Stofoverdrachtsproblemen in geroerde gas-vloeistof-vast systemen
No full textApplied SciencesKramers Laboratorium voor Fysische Technologi
Een alternatief voor een verticale wand golfbreker: Vergelijking van verticale wand caisson met geperforeerd caisson
No full textCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Automatismi espulsivi e discrezionalità amministrativa
No full textLa Corte costituzionale ha dichiarato illegittime alcune disposizioni del d. lgs. 25 luglio 1998, n. 286 (c.d. Testo unico in materia di immigrazione) nella parte in cui prevedono che, per il solo fatto di essere stato condannato per un certo reato, lo straniero non possa essere autorizzato ad entrare e soggiornare nel territorio dello Stato e, se già presente, debba essere espulso (c.d. automatismo espulsivo). È necessario, secondo la Corte, che la valutazione della pericolosità dello straniero e la decisione in merito al soggiorno o all’espulsione siano lasciate alla discrezionalità della P.A. L’autrice distingue tra il giudizio di pericolosità dello straniero e la (correlata ma distinta) decisione sull’espulsione, per chiarire che il giudizio di pericolosità sociale dovrebbe essere inquadrato non nell’ambito della discrezionalità amministrativa, bensì nell’ambito della c.d. discrezionalità tecnica.The Constitutional Court has declared illegitimate certain provisions of Legislative Decree no. 286 of 25 July 1998 (the so-called Consolidated Text on Immigration) insofar as they provide that, for the merefact of having been convicted of a specific crime, a foreigner cannot be authorised to enter and reside in the territory of the State and, if already present, must be expelled (so-called automatic expulsion). It is necessary, according to the Court, that the assessment of the foreigner's dangerousness and the decision on his stay or expulsion be left to the discretion of the Public Administration. The author distinguishes between the assessment of a foreigner's dangerousness and the (related but distinct) decision on expulsion, in order to make it clear that the judgement of social dangerousness should be framed not in the sphere of administrative discretion, but within the scope of so-called technical discretion
Design of a 95% Glass Climate Adaptive Curved Canopy
No full textThe Design of a 95% glass climate adaptive curved canopy is analysedBuilding TechnologyArchitecture and The Built Environmen
МЕТОДИЧНА ПІДГОТОВКА СТУДЕНТІВ МИСТЕЦЬКИХ ФАКУЛЬТЕТІВ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТІВ
No full textThe article investigates the ways of a methodic preparation of students at faculties teaching arts and Music. The author analyses the system of methodical preparation at the music teaching faculty
Il plurilinguismo nei Remarques sur la langue russienne et sur son alphabet di F. V. Karžavin
No full textIn this article the author analyzes the work “Remarques sur la langue russienne et sur son alphabet” by F.V. Karžavin (1791), an original manual of Russian language and culture for the French reader. In her analysis, the author underlines the importance of Karžavin’s multilingualism, a result of his multiculturalism that derived from his long sojourns in France and North America. Because of these characteristics of Karžavin’s, his “Remarques sur la langue russienne...”, besides being a language manual, was conceived also as sort of handbook of Russian culture, devised to show the French public that Russia was a European country, with a centuries-long history and civilization
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