16 research outputs found
Ten-year review of the clinical presentation and treatment outcome of Asherman’s syndrome in university of Maiduguri teaching hospital, Borno State, Nigeria
Get PDFBackground: Asherman’s syndrome (AS) is an important gynaecological disorder characterized by a menstrual abnormality (hypomenorrhea/amenorrhea) and infertility that is usually caused by activities that traumatize the endometrium. Objective of current study was to determine the prevalence, clinical presentation and treatment outcome of Asherman’s syndrome in our hospital.Methods: A retrospective review of patients with Asherman’s syndrome managed at the University of Maiduguri Teaching hospital over 10 years (January 2008 to December 2017). Data about the patients were obtained and analyzed using Microsoft office excel 2007 and SPSS version 25 (IBM SPSS, Statistics) to generate descriptive statistics (frequencies, ratio and percentages) which were presented as tables.Results: The prevalence of AS is 5.3%. Most of the patients were in the 25-34 age group (69.1%) and the majority (94.5%) were married. Dilatation and curettage (D & C) constituted the commonest risk factor for Asherman’s syndrome (21/55, 38.2%) and infertility alone (29, 52.7%), and hypomenorrhea with infertility 10 (18.2%) were the commonest presentation. Twenty-five percent of the patients (14/55) achieved normal menses and 11 (20%) achieved pregnancy following treatment.Conclusions: AS is not uncommon in our environment. D&C is the commonest risk factor and the patients usually present with infertility and hypomenorrhea.
Maruca vitrata (Fabricius) [Lepidoptera: Pyralidae] larval population dynamics as affected by intra-row spacing, sowing dates and biopesticides on cowpea
Get PDFThe objective of the research was to test the effect of sowing dates, intra-row spacing and biopesticides on the larval population dynamics of M. vitrata in Samaru, Nigeria. The experiment was laid out with biopesticides (B0; control, B1; Neem seeds kernel extract (NKE), B2; Maruca vitrata Multi-nucleopolyhedrosis virus (MaviMNPV) suspension and B3; Cyper diforce (30 g cypermethrin + 250 g dimethoate). The result at 10 WAS showed that varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly (P=.01) reduced mean population of M. vitrata larva in sampled flowers in all the years and the combine. MaviMNPV was effective in reducing pod borer populations (7.22, 6.11 and 6.67) better than NKE (10.19, 5.74 and 7.96) and Cyper diforce (7.41, 8.89 and 8.15). The control significantly recorded the highest mean (11.67, 12.59 and 12.13) population in all the years and the combined. Similarly, varying sowing dates to SD3 significantly reduced mean population (5.56, 5.00 and 5.28) of M. vitrata in cowpea pods sampled 10 WAS better than SD1 and SD2. Statistically similar effect of biopesticides was observed on mean population of M. vitrata, however, the control recorded the highest mean (22.59 and 13.89) in 2015 cropping season and the combined. High cowpea grain yield was obtained in SD2 (337.85, 689.10 and 800.66 kg ha-1) even though statistically similar with SD3 (244.89, 618.10 and 639.68 kg ha-1). Cyper diforce treated plots gave the highest yield of 394.56, 887.69 and 976.51 kg ha-1 during 2015 and 2016 cropping seasons and combine but was statistically at far (P=.01) with NKE and MaviMNPV. The interaction of SD2 and Cyper diforce gave the highest grain yield. The effect of sowing at SD2 and insecticide spray will give a better control of M. vitrata for an increased yield of cowpea in the study area.</jats:p
Consumers intention to buy branded fresh leafy vegetables among rural and urban households
Get PDFResearch background: The intention of consumers to purchase branded goods and services is a building block for purchasing behaviour in agribusiness especially for fresh leafy vegetables with nutritional and health benefits in Africa. Purpose of the article: To examine the determinants of consumers’ intention to purchase fresh leafy vegetables, and to identify the constraints militating against shopping outlet decisions of fresh leafy vegetables by the rural and urban households in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. Methods: The sampling techniques were employed to collect data from primary source were stratified, purposive and convenience to select 746 respondents (396 of urban and 350 of rural households). But 608 respondents (294 for Urban area and 314 for rural area, which represents 74.2% and 89.7%, respectively) were later used for the analysis. Convenience sampling was used at a point because there is no reliable sampling frame that was existing for the respective places. Findings & Value: This study reveals that are household size, farming as a primary occupation and distance of the consumers’ residence to the point of purchase leafy vegetables among both rural and urban households, with the exception of personal income which only influenced the purchasing intention of urban consumers. Poor storage facilities for fresh leafy vegetables was a major constraint to both rural and urban households in the choice of shopping outlets for fresh leafy vegetables in the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. All-inclusive policies should be enacted that has the potential to enhance the storage facilities for fresh leafy vegetables. For branded leafy vegetables to be purchased the shopping outlets must be made closer to the residence of the consumers
Post-mortem caesarean section 20 minutes after cardiac arrest with neurologically normal baby at 15 months
No full textPhysico-chemical Properties and Heavy metal Contamination Levels of Soils from Riruwai Mining Area, North-western Nigeria
Get PDFMining activities, despite their economic importance, are well documented as one of the most significant sources of heavy metal pollution in the soil. In the present study, the physico-chemical properties and heavy metal contamination levels of the soils around the Riruwai mining area, in north-western Nigeria, were investigated. A total of 60 surface soil samples from four (4) sampling sites, which include 18 from active mine sites, 12 from abandoned mine sites, 21 from farmlands and 9 from control sites, were collected during the dry and rainy seasons. The physico-chemical properties such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were determined using various analytical techniques. The concentrations of heavy metals were analyzed using a Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer (MP-AES), and the measured concentrations were used to evaluate the pollution load index (PLI). The findings of the study revealed that mining activities had a significant impact on the physicochemical characteristics of the soils, with lower pH, CEC, and SOM values in particular in active and abandoned mining sites. The physico-chemical characteristics of soil vary seasonally, with higher values typically reported during the rainy season, except for pH. The concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc in the soils of the Riruwai mining area exceeded the threshold value recommended by WHO/FAO (2001) in all the sampling locations and seasons, with the exception of the control sites. The PLI values indicated that the soils in active and abandoned mining sites are strongly polluted by heavy metals, while farmland soils are moderately polluted and control site soils are unpolluted. The soils in the study area are significantly contaminated by heavy metals, particularly in active and abandoned mining sites, and the contamination has spread to farmland, suggesting a significant need for proper containment of heavy metal pollution levels in the area, particularly arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc
Speciation of Potentially Toxic Metals from the Mine Impacted soils: A Case Study of Riruwai Mining Area, Kano State, Northern Nigeria
Get PDFMining and smelting sectors contribute significantly to global growth on a regional and local scale. However, the operations are causing significant environmental damage, particularly pollution of the soil with potentially toxic metals (PTMs). In this study, the speciation of PTMs (arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc) from the mine impacted soils of Riruwai mining area was investigated using a modified Tessier sequential extraction method. The findings of the study revealed that all the PTMs examined are considerably associated with non-residual fractions in all the sampling locations. This indicates that all the PTMs investigated in the study area may be highly mobile in the soils and hence potentially toxic. The concentrations of PTMs in the soil’s geochemical fractions were found to vary with the sampling locations, with active mining sites significantly (p ≤ 0.05) recording the highest value, followed by farmland, while the lowest value was reported at the control site. Therefore, to protect the environment and the health of the local populace, PTMs in the soils of the study area should be regularly monitored and a treatment program should be put in place
Heavy Metals Contamination Levels in the Vegetables Grown around Riruwai Mining Area, Kano State, Nigeria
Get PDFVegetables grown in mining areas can accumulate significant amounts of heavy metals (HMs), which can cause serious developmental disorders and have long-term negative effects on public health. In the present study, the HMs contamination level in vegetables grown around the Riruwai mining area in Kano State, Nigeria, was investigated. Fifteen (15) vegetable samples were collected, including lettuce (Lacuta sativa L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), as well as their corresponding soils. The levels of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in all the samples were determined using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry, and the measured concentrations were used to calculate the bioaccumulation factor (BAF). The results of the study revealed that HMs concentrations in the investigated vegetables were found to be significantly high, with the majority of levels exceeding the WHO/FAO (2007) recommended limit, and the concentration of HMs in the soil decreased in the order of Zn > Mn > Cr > Pb > As > Ni > Cd > Hg, with As, Pb, and Zn exceeding the WHO/FAO (2001) recommended limit. Pollution levels were found to significantly differ between HMs and vegetable types. BAF results revealed that cadmium is an accumulator of all the studied vegetables (BAFs > 1), while mercury was found to be an accumulator of L. sativa. Higher concentrations of these metals in vegetables and soil, particularly arsenic, cadmium, lead, and zinc, necessitate immediate scientific attention and further research to determine the optimum concentration required for human health. Planting of vegetables for human and animal consumption should be stopped until this is accomplished
Anti-microbial and Phytochemical Characterization of Leaves Extracts of Starburr (A. hispidum) collected from Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State, Nigeria
Get PDFStarburr (Acanthospermum hispidum) extract has been reportedly used in North and Western Nigeria and Nigeria at large to treat stomach ache, malaria and abdominal pain. In view of its usage, the objective of this paper was to characterize, carry out the anti-microbial activity and qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of leaves extracts of Starburr of A. hispidum collected from Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State. Fine powdered sample of A hispidum leaves were extracted using n-Hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate and methanol sequentially in the increasing order of polarity using maceration extraction method. Percentage yield of the leaves of A hispidum. extracts were n-hexane (3.6 %) acetone (4.0 %) ethyl acetate (2.2 %) and methanol (4.10 %). Qualitative phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides and terpenoids. Quantitative phytochemical screening revealed alkaloids (1.456) saponins (3.56) tannins (0.04852) terpenoids(0.05208) for methanol extract alkaloids(1.176) saponins(3.64) tannins(0.0372) terpenoids(0.0398) for ethyl acetate extract and alkaloids(0.328) saponins(3.20) tannins(0.02344) terpenoids(0.01948) for acetone extract. Antimicrobial activity analysis revealed inhibition growth of clinical pathogens which are E. coli, S. aureus, S. typhi, P. aeruginosa, S. pneumonaie, C. albicans as compared with standard of penicillin with inhibition zone of 18 mm and ketokonazol with inhibition zone of 24 mm . The methanol extract with zone of inhibition range of 10 mm to 18.5 mm of the leaves showed a promising potency against the test microbes
Placental site trophoblastic tumour mimicking placenta previa
No full textWe present a 42-year-old Nigerian woman who had three previous caesarean sections and is being managed conservatively for placenta previa. She underwent a caesarean hysterectomy on account of uncontrollable bleeding, and histopathology revealed a placental site trophoblastic tumour
A Forty-Year Analysis of the Literature on Babesia Infection (1982–2022): A Systematic Bibliometric Approach
No full textBabesia infection is a tick-borne protozoan disease associated with significant veterinary, economic, and medical importance. This infection affects many hosts, ranging from wild to domestic animals and including man. All vertebrates serve as potential carriers due to the huge diversity of the species. Babesiosis has been associated with severe economic loss in livestock production, especially in cattle farming, and is also a major public health concern in man, which could be fatal. The infection is usually opportunistic, ranging from asymptomatic to symptomatic, usually in immunocompromised subjects or under conditions of stressful management. This study was designed to uncover trends in relation to publication growth and further explore research output regarding babesiosis from data indexed in the WoS. The WoS is the only platform used to map publications on Babesia infection. The search term “babesiosis” or “Babesia infection” was used to extract articles published across the study period from 1982 to 2022. The inclusion criteria were restricted to only articles for the analysis. The results from the search query showed that a total of 3763 articles were published during the study period with an average of 91.70 ± 43.87 articles annually and an average total citation (n = 1874.8). An annual growth rate of 2.5% was recorded during the study period. The year 2021 had the highest number of published articles (n = 193, 5.1%) and citations (n = 7039). The analysis of the most relevant keywords and titles showed that infection (n = 606, 16.1%), babesiosis (n = 444, 11.7%), and Babesia (n = 1302, 16%) were the most relevant keyword plus (ID), author keyword (DE), and title, respectively. The common conceptual framework analysis through K-means clustering showed two clusters comprising 4 and 41 elements, respectively. The United States of America is the top-performing country in terms of article production (n = 707, 20.8%) and the leading funder for babesiosis research, with two of its agencies ranked at the top. These are the Department of Health and Human Services (n = 254, 6.7%) and the National Institute of Health (n= 238,6.3%). Igarashi I. is the top-performing author (n = 231, 6.1%), while Veterinary Parasitology is ranked the top journal (n = 393, 10.4%) in terms of babesiosis publications. Overall, an increase in publications was observed in the study period, with significant output from developed nations
