1,720,961 research outputs found
Land readjustment as an alternative land development tool for peri-urban areas of Ethiopia
No full textPurpose – The rapid urban population growth in Ethiopia is causing an increasing demand for urban land, which primarily tends to be supplied by expropriation of peri-urban land. The process of urban development in Ethiopia is largely criticized for forced displacement and disruption of the peri-urban local community. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to introduce how Ethiopia’s urban development system could be built on the participatory and inclusive approaches of land acquisition. Design/methodology/approach – The study has employed questionnaire survey results, focus group discussion with panel of experts and previous research reports to examine the peri-urban situations and then to show why an alternative land development approach is needed to be introduced in the urban land development system of Ethiopia. Desk review on land readjustment was also made to explore best lessons from other countries applicable to the peri-urban contexts of Ethiopia. Findings – This study has explored that land readjustment is potentially an appropriate land development tool to alleviate peri-urban land development limitations in Ethiopia. Practical implications – Researchers, policy makers and government bodies that are interested in peri-urban land would appreciate and consider implementing the adapted land readjustment model as an alternative land development tool. Consequently, the local peri-urban landholders’ rights would be protected and maintained in the process of urbanization. Originality/value – Although land readjustment has the potential to achieve participatory peri-urban land development, awareness of the method in the Ethiopian urban land development system is inadequate. This study contributes to fill this gap and create an insight into the basic conditions for the adaption of the tool.</p
The Status of Women’s Land Rights After Land Rights Registration and Certification Program in Wonago District, Ethiopia
Get PDFLand is very critical asset for human life survival and the back bone for rural women livelihood. Unfortunately, in most developing countries like Ethiopia women were discriminated and marginalized from access and control of land for centuries through customary practices. With an effort to recognize women’s land rights, the government of Ethiopia both at federal and regional state level is implementing large land right registration and certification programs since 2003.This study, therefore, is aimed to assess the effect of land certification in securing women’s land rights by taking wonago district of SNNPR as a case study area. Survey research method was employed to generate both quantitative and qualitative data from the respondents selected by using both probability and non-probability sampling techniques. Finally the finding of this research revealed that the implementation of land certification program in the study area has been affecting rural women positively by advancing their land rights but still some women are challenged by unsolved landholding insecurity problems. The study recommends further that beside to land certification and registration programs, awareness creation on the equality of men and women should be given more emphasis so as to minimize biasness from the community and to ensure women’s equal rights on land. Keywords: Certification; Ethiopia; Land Rights; Land Tenure; Security Women DOI: 10.7176/JCSD/50-01 Publication date:July 31st 201
Informal settlements in the peri-urban areas of Bahir Dar, Ethiopia : An institutional analysis
No full textPeri-urban land which has been used predominantly for agricultural purposes and held by local farmers is a target area for informal settlements in Ethiopia. An increasing number of people try to solve their housing needs by getting a plot of land informally in the transitional peri-urban areas. The purpose of this study is to explore the principal actors involved in the informal conversion of peri-urban agricultural land into urban built-up property. This study is also aimed at demonstrating the role of non-state institutions in facilitating informal acquisition and development of peri-urban plots. Both questionnaire and document analysis were the main sources of data for this study. The result of this study indicated that traditional social institutions played a significant role in processing peri-urban informal settlements and stabilizing land related conflicts by social sanction measures. The study has also found out that the process of acquiring a plot of land from peri-urban areas passes through its own stages which mainly start with identifying a plot for sale and ends with the confirmation of traditional letter of agreement signed by transacting parties without legal ground to do so.</p
Prioritization of Water Use Rights in Ethiopia: Exploring the Perspectives and Practices in the Governance of Awash River Basin
Get PDFWater governance mainly strives to ensure equitable and efficient allocation and prioritization of use rights. The scarcity of water resources in any setting can be a cause for conflict, wastage, depletion, and/or pollution. Prioritization of water use rights is considered as important principle of water governance to protect the human right to water, accommodate interests, avoid conflict, wastage and allocate available volume of water to potential users. This article explores the perspectives and practices of prioritization approach of water governance in Awash River basin. Qualitative research approach was employed, and the findings indicate that there are multiple interpretations by the key actors of the priority ladder amidst general and insufficient policy and legal frameworks. The practice also indicates that water allocation plan for the medium and large-scale water users are stated on papers whereas actual allocations are made based on convenience. It is critical to devise water reform and set prioritizing principles and standards. Moreover there is the need to apply the most feasible and comprehensive approach in water governance and avail the essential resources and technologies
REVIEW OF LAND GOVERNANCE EDUCATION SYSTEM FROM THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSIVE LAND GOVERNANCE: LESSONS FROM EALAN
Get PDFIn view of land’s vital importance as a foundation of societal livelihood and its position being at the heart of social and political interests and conflicts, increasing number of universities in Africa have been launching and expanding formal educational and research programs since the last two decades. The ongoing expansion of land governance educational and research programs are mainly driven by the need for the overall socio-economic development reforms at continental level in Africa. It is obvious that academia plays the leading role in producing and providing competent graduates that will in time contribute to the processes of land reform. As a responses and input to the reform process, East African countries where this study has focused on have been giving high attention and dedication to open and incorporate educational or training programs in the field of land governance. However, studies to examine and evaluate the contents and quality of the curricula in addressing inclusive land governance are limited at continental as well as at regional level. Thus this study is aimed to review the land governance related curricula launched in the higher education institutes of Eastern Africa Region (Eastern African Land Administration Network) from the point of addressing the issue of inclusive land governance. A desk review approach and qualitative content analysis method was employed to achieve the objective of the study. Finally, this review shows that there is a clear limitation or gap to incorporate topics related to inclusive land governance principles in the existing curricula. This clearly implies that the existing land governance challenges and social and political conflicts are partly attributed to the gaps in the existing curricula or educational programs launched at national and continental level. Thus, this review calls for universities in Africa to highlight the importance of incorporating topics on inclusive land governance and related issues in the review process as a means to manage land in a just, conflict-free land sustainable manner
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Rethinking institutional coordination as a transformational issue in providing and administering urban land for housing development in Ethiopia: Evidence from Bahir Dar metropolitan city
Get PDFInstitutional coordination and robust land administration are essential to ensuring sustainable land delivery and housing development in fast-growing cities. It also benefits urban dwellers, particularly low-income groups and homeless individuals. Despite efforts, Ethiopia’s metropolitan areas have institutional coordination challenges. The horizontal and vertical coordination between land administration and the government heavily influences the output of housing. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of existing institutional coordination in urban land management to support effective land supply for residential purposes. The institution’s current and desired levels of coordination reveal a significant lack of vertical and horizontal coordination. In order to meet the study’s objectives, a mixed methodology was used, combining primary and secondary sources. The data collection process utilised rigorous methods like questionnaires, interviews, focus group discussions, field observations, and desk reviews to ensure accuracy and reliability for analysis and further decision-making. The findings unequivocally demonstrate that urban land administration institutions lack adequate vertical and peer coordination, severely hindering their ability to deliver land for housing development efficiently and effectively. Thus, urban and regional governments must rethink and restructure the current institutions for urban land administration, paving the way for a more efficient and effective system. This restructuring should incorporate robust vertical and horizontal coordination and address identified performance capability deficiencies. Ultimately, the study has provided a clear exit strategy that will contribute to the establishment of effective and efficient land administration functions. The study’s findings have significant implications for future urban land administration in Ethiopia and similar urban locations worldwide
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
- …
