1,720,962 research outputs found
REVIEW OF LAND GOVERNANCE EDUCATION SYSTEM FROM THE CONTEXT OF INCLUSIVE LAND GOVERNANCE: LESSONS FROM EALAN
Get PDFIn view of land’s vital importance as a foundation of societal livelihood and its position being at the heart of social and political interests and conflicts, increasing number of universities in Africa have been launching and expanding formal educational and research programs since the last two decades. The ongoing expansion of land governance educational and research programs are mainly driven by the need for the overall socio-economic development reforms at continental level in Africa. It is obvious that academia plays the leading role in producing and providing competent graduates that will in time contribute to the processes of land reform. As a responses and input to the reform process, East African countries where this study has focused on have been giving high attention and dedication to open and incorporate educational or training programs in the field of land governance. However, studies to examine and evaluate the contents and quality of the curricula in addressing inclusive land governance are limited at continental as well as at regional level. Thus this study is aimed to review the land governance related curricula launched in the higher education institutes of Eastern Africa Region (Eastern African Land Administration Network) from the point of addressing the issue of inclusive land governance. A desk review approach and qualitative content analysis method was employed to achieve the objective of the study. Finally, this review shows that there is a clear limitation or gap to incorporate topics related to inclusive land governance principles in the existing curricula. This clearly implies that the existing land governance challenges and social and political conflicts are partly attributed to the gaps in the existing curricula or educational programs launched at national and continental level. Thus, this review calls for universities in Africa to highlight the importance of incorporating topics on inclusive land governance and related issues in the review process as a means to manage land in a just, conflict-free land sustainable manner
Decentralised Rural Land Administration in Ethiopia
No full text This study is aimed to assess the performance of the local-level rural land administration institutions established in Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. The approach employed to evaluate the performance of the grassroots-level land administration institutions is based on indicators of good governance principles. To this end, questionnaire survey, interview and focus group discussion data collection tools were used to capture important and relevant data. The findings of this study showed that the land administration system (LAS) in the Amhara region seems to be well structured and the effort to strengthen good governance in land administration at local/village is a commendable intervention. The study has indicated that most land administration and arbitration committee members seem to have motivation to deliver service; however, capacity limitations have hindered them to extend their services based on the principles of good governance. Therefore, the need to promote good governance at local land administration institutions and providing capacity building trainings to the implementers at the grassroots level is recommended to make sure that the service delivery is improved and sustained. </jats:p
thiopia: The Case of Bahir Dar City
No full textEthiopia's urban expansion and development strategy has been based on the acquisition of land by government from adjacent peri-urban areas. The land in the peri-urban areas is predominantly agricultural in nature, and it has been held by local farmers or landholders. This article aims to examine the nature of urban expansion and development from the perspective of the land rights of the local peri-urban landholders. To achieve this purpose, it has employed a case-study approach. As urban territory extends into adjacent peri-urban areas, the land rights of local landholders are expected to be automatically cancelled and transferred to people who can pay for a lease. This shows that very little attention is paid to the land rights of local landholders in peri-urban areas in the process of urban expansion and development. Therefore, it is not difficult to imagine that local landholders in those areas have a prevailing sense of insecurity about their land.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Climate-change-driven conflict: Insights from North Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia
No full textClimate change is one of the most pressing issues among the current environmental problems and it affects the livelihood of the community by creating scarcity of renewable resources. Ethiopia is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa extremely vulnerable to climate change. This study was aimed to investigate climate-change-driven conflict by taking case from Northeast Ethiopia. A cross-sectional survey study was employed and data was collected from the primary and secondary sources. The structured household survey, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were used to collect data from selected samples. About 100 survey respondents, 10 KII and 3 FGD participants were involved in generating data which was analyzed by employing descriptive and qualitative analysis techniques. The finding revealed that climate change is occurring through increasing temperature and decreasing rainfall and frequent drought caused by deforestation, degradation of natural resources and urbanization. Consequently, the participants have experienced critical shortage of water, animal fed and most of them were food insecure. Similarly, a considerable number of residents were exposed to climate-change-induced conflict. The conflict in North Wollo was climate driven and interethnic whereby Amhara ethnic are conflicting with Afar ethnic over the resources around their border. It is recommended that employing the customary law and religious institutions are the most trusted and leading agents to resolve conflict. Area-specific and local-based climate change adaptation techniques including drought-resistant plant species and reducing the number of livestock were suggested as the solutions to solve the problems
Evaluation of the urban Land use plan’s effectiveness in achieving resource efficiency: the case of Bahir Dar city- Ethiopia
No full textUrban land use plans (ULUPs) contribute to the efficient use of resources for sustainable urban development. However, the metered contribution of Bahir Dar’s ULUPs to the efficient use of resources has not yet been known. Bahir Dar is the capital of the Amhara Region and a scenic city on the southern shore of Lake Tana, Ethiopia’s largest lake and the source of the Blue Nile. It attracts many visitors from inside and outside the country. This study evaluates the effectiveness of ULUPs in Bahir Dar to achieve efficient use of resources such as water, energy, and food. Thus, the study developed criteria to assess the effectiveness of ULUPs based on the global indicator framework for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The results show that its ULUPs were not resource efficient in terms of food production, water quality and yield, and transport energy usage
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Ethiopian urban land allocation policy and its contribution to urban densification
No full textUrban densification is considered as the best tool for efficient urban land utilization, containment, and minimizing urban development costs. It is also a widely accepted approach to mitigate shortages of urban land and urban sprawl. With this in mind, Ethiopia has adopted a standard-based urban land allocation policy. The policy relies on population size during the urban planning process to address issues related to sustainable urban development by increasing the densities of its urban areas. However, the impact of the existing urban land allocation policy on urban densification has not been investigated adequately. Thus, this study examines the contribution of existing urban land allocation policies to urban densification in Ethiopia. A mixed research approach was employed to achieve the objective of the study. The study revealed that the policy gives more attention to the immediate and tangible conditions than the efficient use of land resources. Therefore, it allocated an average of 223 square meters of land to each person for urban development. The study implies that the country's urban land allocation policy is ineffective in achieving the intended outcome of urban densification. Instead, coupled with uncontrolled urban population growth, it has been exacerbating the rapid horizontal expansion of urban areas. With the current trend of horizontal expansion of urban areas, the country's land resources is expected to be converted into a built-up environment within the next 127 years unless the policy is radically changed. Thus, this paper calls for revisiting the existing urban land allocation strategy of the country in a way that responds towards efficient urban land allocation and sustainable urban development
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