1,720,961 research outputs found
Computational Simulation as a Principle, a Tool and a Method for a Future-proof. Design Strategy Interview with Cosimo Accoto
No full textThe interview with Cosimo Accoto starts with a question: how can design move into “critical uncertainties”? Through an overview of Accoto’s fields of investigation and a focus on the latest ongoing research, he presents the concept of “simulation”, as a new design horizon and a new ontogenetic vector in the imagination and production of our future
Inside (Out) the Black Box. Legal and Philosophical Speculations on the Implications of “Sentient” Artificial Intelligence(s)
No full textThe implications of “sentient” artificial intelligence (AI) are profound and multifaceted. This chapter delves into the legal and philosophical dimensions of AI, speculatively examining its potential to exhibit consciousness, self-awareness, and emotions. Despite advancements, no AI has yet demonstrated true sentience, but the discussion remains urgent due to rapid developments in generative AI, like ChatGPT and LaMDA. Legally, this chapter explores how sentient AI might challenge current frameworks that attribute rights and responsibilities on the basis of human-centric criteria. Philosophically, it scrutinizes the assumptions and paradigms that shape our understanding of AI, emphasizing the need to reconsider traditional notions of intelligence and consciousness. This chapter concludes that addressing the speculative emergence of sentient AI requires taking a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach that combines legal foresight with philosophical inquiry, ensuring that societal impacts are managed responsibly and ethically
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Infoviduality: exploring subjectivations and agentivities in a more-than-human world
No full textQuando falamos de tecnologias digitais, sintéticas e artificiais em sociedades em rede emergentes, como podemos supor, a ideia de “subjetividade” (ou melhor, subjetivação) conectada à identidade (quem é o quê), à sensibilidade (quem percebe o que), agência (quem faz o quê) e, naturalmente, a prestação de contas (quem é responsável por quê) é crucial. Objetos inteligentes, botsassistivos, algoritmos codificados, robótica de enxames, softwares antecipatórios, veículos autônomos, corpos quantificados, agentes orientados a dados, mercados automatizados, ecologias sensorizadas, todos exigem de nós, portanto, tratar da questão filosófica do “sujeito” com novas perspectivas. Mas que tipo de subjetividade está emergindo em um mundo mais do que humano? A ideia fundamental que exploramos aqui é a do sujeito considerado como um processo “elementar”, que se transforma e projeta o que comecei a chamar de “infovidualidade
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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