53 research outputs found
Microbiome of Hyalomma dromedarii (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Ticks: Variation in Community Structure with Regard to Sex and Host Habitat
No full textHyalomma dromedarii ticks are the main hematophagous ectoparasites of camels, harboring a variety of microbes that can affect tick vector competence and pathogen transmission. To better understand the tick microbiome influenced by sex and host habitat, we analyzed the bacterial community of H. dromedarii male and female ticks collected from camel farms, livestock markets, and slaughterhouses, representing the range of major habitats in the UAE, by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene. Tick samples were collected during 2022 and 2023. A total of 40 ticks (male (15), female (15), and nymph (10)) were selected from tick samples collected from camels and processed for genomic DNA and next-generation sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. We obtained 151,168 read counts, and these formed 237 operational taxonomic units representing 11 phyla, 22 classes, 77 families, and 164 genera. The phyla Actinomycetota, Bacillota, Bacteroidota, Pseudomonadota, and Fusobacteriota were the most abundant. The bacterial genus Corynebacterium dominated the microbiomes of farm-collected female H. dromedarii ticks, while Proteus dominated the microbiomes of farm-collected male H. dromedarii ticks. In comparison, the microbiomes of H. dromedarii ticks collected from slaughterhouse samples were dominated by genus Francisella in both males and females. Our results confirm that the bacterial microbiomes of H. dromedarii ticks vary by sex and habitat settings. Furthermore, recent findings could deliver insight into the differences in the ability of camel ticks to acquire, maintain, and transmit pathogens in various habitats that may impact the tick vector competence of medically and agriculturally important species in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region and Asia
Dissecting the impact of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection on functional networks and community stability of the tick microbiome
No full textInternational audienceContext Pathogens can manipulate microbial interactions to ensure survival, potentially altering the functional patterns and microbiome assembly. The present study investigates how Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection affects the functional diversity, composition, and assembly of the Ixodes scapularis microbiome, with a focus on high central pathways-those characterized by elevated values in centrality metrics such as eigenvector, betweenness, and degree measures, in the microbial community.Methods Using previously published data from nymphs' gut V4 region's amplicons of bacterial 16S rRNA, we predicted the functional diversity and composition in control and A. phagocytophilum-infected ticks and inferred co-occurrence networks of taxa and ubiquitous pathways in each condition to associate the high central pathways to the microbial community assembly.Results Although no differences were observed concerning pathways richness and diversity, there was a significant impact on taxa and functional assembly when ubiquitous pathways in each condition were filtered. Moreover, a notable shift was observed in the microbiome's high central functions. Specifically, pathways related to the degradation of nucleosides and nucleotides emerged as the most central functions in response to A. phagocytophilum infection. This finding suggests a reconfiguration of functional relationships within the microbial community, potentially influenced by the pathogen's limited metabolic capacity. This limitation implies that the tick microbiome may provide additional metabolic resources to support the pathogen's functional needs.Conclusions Understanding the metabolic interactions within the tick microbiome can enhance our knowledge of pathogen colonization mechanisms and uncover new disease control and prevention strategies. For example, certain pathways that were more abundant or highly central during infection may represent potential targets for microbiota-based vaccines
Arthropod microbiota: shaping pathogen establishment and enabling control
No full textInternational audienceVector-borne diseases (VBDs) pose significant global health threats. The microbiota of arthropod vectors influences their fitness and pathogen acquisition and/or transmission. Here, we review the intricate interplay among the arthropod immune system, the microbiota, and pathogens that limits or favors infection. We focused on the most important arthropod vectors, namely mosquitos, phlebotomines, tsetse flies, triatomines, and ticks, and expanded our analysis to include the nonvector model Drosophila melanogaster for comparison. The microbiota and immune system of arthropod vectors are targets for the development of promising control strategies, such as paratransgenesis and anti‐microbiota vaccines. Further research should focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of vector–pathogen–microbiota interactions and optimizing anti-microbiota strategies. These approaches have the potential to combat VBDs and reduce their global impact
Insight into the tick neurosecretory system
No full textInternational audienceNeurosecretory cells (NSC) are defined as specialized neurons that produce and release chemicalmessengers into the bloodstream to target distant tissues. Although, it seems that tick andinsect nervous systems have developed convergently, as of today the information about tickneurosecretory system along its releasing sites remains literally a “black box”. In presented workwe used specific antibodies against different classes of neuropeptides to reveal completely novellateral and medial clusters of peptidergic NSC in the anterior protocerebrum of Ixodes ricinussynganglion. On one hand, each of these NSC, form a rich axonal network on the dorso-lateralsurface of the synganglion, while on the other hand also send their axons into nearly all internallobes of this organ. Immunogold transmission electron microscopy confirmed that surface axonsof these cells terminate within the dorsal perineurium and release the neuropeptides towards anacellular neurilemma layer, that faces the circularly fluid, the haemolymph. We also found that axonterminals of both lateral and medial NSC are sensitive to acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter asthey express type A and B muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, respectively. Injection of 100 nLwater into unfed I. ricinus female haemocoel intensified the fluorescent neuropeptide signal in theseaxon terminals, while the same volume containing 10 μM ACh had a significantly reduced effect.Here, we hypothesize that increased fluorescence is associated with accelerated neuropeptidesynthesis and subsequent transport to axon terminals as a consequence of sensing the changesin the haemolymph volume. On the other hand, a decreased fluorescent signal indicates that AChmediates release of these neuropeptides that act as hormones for the regulation of osmoregulatoryor other physiological processes. Based on these results we propose a unique model of hormonalacetylcholine-triggered released of peptide hormones in ticks
Babesia bovis infection alters the composition and assembly of Rhipicephalus microplus midgut microbiota
No full textInternational audienceDiscussion: Results of this work aim to serve as a steppingstone in the development of anti-tick microbiota vaccines</div
Kinin neuropeptide in the midgut endocrine cells and innervation of salivary glands of Ixodes ricinus.
No full textInternational audienc
Exploring the impact of breast cancer on colonization resistance of mouse microbiota using network node manipulation
No full textInternational audienceBreast cancer, a global health concern affecting women, has been linked to alterations in the gut microbiota, impacting various aspects of human health. This study investigates the interplay between breast cancer and the gut microbiome, particularly focusing on colonization resistance-an essential feature of the microbiota's ability to prevent pathogenic overgrowth. Using a mouse model of breast cancer, we employ diversity analysis, co-occurrence network analysis, and robustness tests to elucidate the impact of breast cancer on microbiome dynamics. Our results reveal that breast cancer exposure affects the bacterial community's composition and structure, with temporal dynamics playing a role. Network analysis demonstrates that breast cancer disrupts microbial interactions and decreases network complexity, potentially compromising colonization resistance. Moreover, network robustness analysis shows the susceptibility of the microbiota to node removal, indicating potential vulnerability to pathogenic colonization. Additionally, predicted metabolic profiling of the microbiome highlights the significance of the enzyme EC 6.2.1.2 - Butyrate-CoA ligase, potentially increasing butyrate, and balancing the reduction of colonization resistance. The identification of Rubrobacter as a key contributor to this enzyme suggests its role in shaping the microbiota's response to breast cancer. This study uncovers the intricate relationship between breast cancer, the gut microbiome, and colonization resistance, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies and diagnostic approaches for breast cancer patients
Consideraciones para Ideas conceptuales en la rehabilitación y conservación de la casa Quinta El Abanico con categoría de Hoteles Encanto, en el Valle de los Ingenios,Trinidad
No full textEste Trabajo de Diploma presenta la propuesta de ideas conceptuales para la Rehabilitación y Conservación de la “Casa Quinta El Abanico”, con categoría de Hoteles Encanto para Turismo de naturaleza. Refiere conceptos y valoraciones relacionadas con el patrimonio; evalúa aspectos asociados a la industria turística actual y sus tendencias de desarrollo; valora ejemplos del repertorio nacional e internacional vinculados con las diferentes temáticas desarrolladas, profundizando en el Valle de los Ingenios, “Patrimonio de la Humanidad”, como baluarte de riquezas naturales y culturales con perspectivas de proliferación en la esfera turística de Trinidad.
Partiendo del levantamiento planimétrico, volumétrico y fotográfico de la Casa Quinta el Abanico desarrollado por la autora y del estudio de variables referidas al contexto inmediato, se obtienen resultados concretos para la valoración, categorización y dictamen técnico sobre el estado actual del objeto en cuestión.
Con un programa arquitectónico para la Casa Quinta El Abanico se realiza la propuesta final del proyecto; con un enfoque patrimonial de conservación arquitectónica y desplegada para el alojamiento turístico, que incluye además servicios extrahoteleros de gastronomía y de recreación ecuestre. Está apoyado en criterios de diseño, a partir del análisis crítico de variantes de zonificación, plano de planta, cortes, elevaciones e imaginarios de la propuesta, cálculo de las superficies y estimaciones de presupuesto.
La futura implementación del Proyecto de Rehabilitación de la Casa Quinta El Abanico beneficiará las perspectivas de desarrollo turístico de Trinidad y el Valle de los Ingenios, fundamentalmente para el sector interesado en Turismo de naturaleza.This Diploma Work presents a conceptual ideas proposal for the “Quinta El Abanico House” with the category of “Encanto Hotels”, for the Nature tourism. It state concepts evaluations related to the Patrimony. It evaluates aspects associated with the touristic industry and its tendance to the development. It evaluates examples on the national and international repertory linked to the different topics developed, getting deeper in “Valle de los Ingenios” , a “Patrimony of Humanity”, as a strengthening of natural and cultural resources with the perspectives to the development of the touristic sphere in Trinidad.
From de plan, volume and photographic analysis of the “Quinta El Abanico” on developed by the author and the variable of study refereed to the immediate context, are obtained concrete result for the evaluation categorization and a technical statement related to the update state of the object.
Whit an architectural schedule for the “Quinta El Abanico House” it is carried out a final proposal for the project. It is based on a patrimony approach of architectural conservation developed addressed to tourism. It also includes gastronomy out of hotels services and horse recreations. It is supported by design criteria and analysis of the different variants of zone, plant project, elevations and images of the proposal, and math approximations and budget estimates.
The future putting into practice of the rehabilitation project of the “Casa Quinta El Abanico”, will offer benefits to the touristic development in Trinidad and the “Valle de los Ingenios”, mainly in the sphere interested in Nature tourism.Facultad de Construcciones.Departamento de Arquitecturanon-publishe
Integración jurídica-profesionalizante de prácticas evaluativas
No full textLa integración jurídica profesionalizante de prácticas evaluativas, en la formación del jurista, se revela como nueva cualidad de la dinámica de este proceso formativo. Proceso que emerge como resultado de las relaciones dialécticas que se armonizan con el propósito de sistematizar los niveles del desempeño jurídico. Resultados aplicadados en la carrera de Derecho de la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila Máximo Gómez Báez. Se utilizaron métodos como el histórico lógico, análisis y síntesis, estadístico y las técnicas de, observación, encuestas, y consultas de expertos
Impact of Plasmodium relictum infection on the colonization resistance of bird gut microbiota: a preliminary study /
No full textAvian malaria infection has been known to affect host microbiota, but the impact of Plasmodium infection on the colonization resistance in bird gut microbiota remains unexplored. This study investigated the dynamics of Plasmodium relictum infection in canaries, aiming to explore the hypothesis that microbiota modulation by P. relictum would reduce colonization resistance. Canaries were infected with P. relictum, while a control group was maintained. The results revealed the presence of P. relictum in the blood of all infected canaries. Analysis of the host microbiota showed no significant differences in alpha diversity metrics between infected and control groups. However, significant differences in beta diversity indicated alterations in the microbial taxa composition of infected birds. Differential abundance analysis identified specific taxa with varying prevalence between infected and control groups at different time points. Network analysis demonstrated a decrease in correlations and revealed that P. relictum infection compromised the bird microbiota’s ability to resist the removal of taxa but did not affect network robustness with the addition of new nodes. These findings suggest that P. relictum infection reduces gut microbiota stability and has an impact on colonization resistance. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing strategies to enhance colonization resistance and maintain host health in the face of parasitic infections
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