36 research outputs found
Survey for chickpea and lentil virus diseases in Ethiopia
No full textChickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) are among the major cool-season food legumes grown in Ethiopia. Fungal and viral diseases are important factors limiting production of these two crops in the Country. As there is no systematic study on the virus diseases of these crops, a survey to identify virus diseases of chickpea and lentil crops in Shewa province, Ethiopia, was conducted during November 14-23, 1998. The survey covered a random selection of 33 chickpea and 32 lentil fields. Virus disease incidence was determined by laboratory testing 100-200 randomly collected samples from each field with antisera of 12 viruses. In chickpea fields, beet western yellows polerovirus (BWYV) was most frequently found and in lentil fields pea seed-borne mosaic potyvirus (PSbMV) was the most common, followed by luteoviruses [BWYV and soybean dwarf virus (SbDV)]. Laboratory testing of random samples showed that 5 chickpea and 11 lentil fields had a virus disease incidence of 21% or higher. The highest virus disease incidence in a single field was 58.5% for lentil (PSbMV) and 41.3% for chickpea (BWYV). Other viruses detected more rarely were faba bean necrotic yellows nanovirus (FBNYV) and broad bean wilt fabavirus (BBWV) in chickpea; FBNYV, broad bean stain comovirus (BBSV), bean yellow mosaic potyvirus (BYMV) and cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) in lenti
Men's Attitude towards Contraceptive Use in Ethiopia: A Multilevel Analysis of 2000 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
No full textIn Ethiopia, family planning program is women slanting. Men '.r exclusion fromfamily planning strongly affects their preferred family size and attitude towardscOnlraceptive use. Some researchers also concluded toot women's attitude towardscontraception is strongly affected by their husband's attitudes. This article isdesigned to examine the influence of husband's attitude towards couple's currentcontraceptive use in Ethiopia. The 2000 Ethiopian Demographic Health Su",ey datais used as main data source. The qualitative data is also collected rhrough in·depthinte",iew from thirty·six currently married men in four regions (Tigray, Amhara,Oromiya and SNNPR). BOlh bivariate and multivariate analyses are applied in thestudy. Multilevel modeling was also further developed to identify the possiblecommunity level variation on couple 's current contraceptive use. Both bivariate andmultivariate analysis results showed that husband's approval of contraceptive /Lieand couple communicarion are statistically signijicanJ (at p<O.OI level ofsignificance) in contraceptive use, indicating that husbands who approve and discussfamily planning with partners oove positive altitude towards contraceptive use.Moreover, significant community level variations have beet! found in the multilevelmodel, demonstraring rhe existence of variation in husbands' attitude towardscontraceptive use across communities. The author suggests thaI the policy effortshould be made to enable men for realizing the positive consequence of theirapproval and discussion regarding family planning. Furthermore, the exisringfamilyplanning program in Ethiopia should focus on changing men's altitude towardsfamily planning
Updating the global occurrence of Culicoides imicola, a vector for emerging viral diseases
No full textSynthesis, Spectral Studies and Therapeutic Activity of Heterocyclic Compounds
No full textNot availabl
Author response to: Clean Cut (adaptive, multimodal surgical infection prevention programme) for low-resource settings: a prospective quality improvement study
No full textresponse to commentar
Bacteriological profile and antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of blood culture isolates among septicemia-suspected children at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital and Yekatit 12 Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textImproved microscopical diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in developing countries
No full textThe diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) relies on the bacteriological examination of sputum. However, microscopy of smears made directly from sputum has a low sensitivity and there is an urgent need for improved methods. We have compared microscopy of smears made directly from sputum with microscopy after liquefaction of sputum with household bleach (NaOCl) and concentration of bacteria by centrifugation. In 3 studies performed in Ethiopia and India, the use of the NaOCl method increased the number of samples positive for acid-fast bacilli by more than 100%. The technique is appropriate for developing countries and its application would increase the efficiency of TB control programmes. As a potent disinfectant, NaOCl also has the advantage of lowering the risk of laboratory infection
Early detection and management of major non-communicable diseases in urban primary healthcare facilities in Ethiopia:a study protocol for a type-3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness design
No full textIntroduction Integrating early detection and management of non-communicable diseases in primary healthcare has an unprecedented role in making healthcare more accessible particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Ethiopia. This study aims to design, implement and evaluate an evidence-based intervention guided by the HEARTS technical package and implementation guide to address barriers and facilitators of integrating early detection and management of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases in primary healthcare settings of Addis Ababa.Methodology We will employ a type-3 hybrid implementation-effectiveness study from November 2020 to May 2022. This study will target patients ≥40 years of age. Ten health centres will be randomly selected from each subcity of Addis Ababa. The study will have four phases: (1) Baseline situational analysis (PEN facility-capacity assessment, 150 observations of patient healthcare provider interactions and 697 patient medical record reviews), (2) Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) inspired qualitative assessment of barriers and facilitators (20 in-depth interviews of key stakeholders), (3) Design of intervention protocol. The intervention will have capacity enhancement components including training of non-communicabledisease (NCDservice providers, provision of essential equipment/supporting materials and monthly monitoring and feedback and (4) Implementation monitoring and evaluation phase using the RE-AIM (reach, efficacy, adoption, implementation and maintenance) framework. Outcomes on early detection and management of NCDs will be assessed to examine the effectiveness of the study.Ethics and dissemination plan Ethical clearance was obtained from the Addis Ababa University, College of Health Sciences Institutional Review Board and Addis Ababa Health Bureau. We plan to present the findings from this research in conferences and publish them in peer-reviewed journals
